Metallurgical Failure Analysis-Few Case Studies

2012 ◽  
Vol 710 ◽  
pp. 695-700
Author(s):  
Sushant K. Manwatkar ◽  
M. Swathi Kiranmayee ◽  
Abhay Kumar Jha ◽  
P. Ramesh Narayanan ◽  
K. Sreekumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Failure Analysis ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Material Science ◽  
Material Selection ◽  
Fatigue Loading ◽  
The Other ◽  
Induced Stress ◽  
Analytical Tools ◽  
Causes Of Failure

Advancement in material science has reached great heights both in terms of development and properties but still failures continue to happen. Failure is often accompanied by economic and human loss. Failures generally occur due to error of knowledge, error of performance and error of intent which comprises improper design and/or material selection, deficiency in processing and assembly. Failure analyst plays an important role in evaluating the causes of failure by using various analytical tools to arrive at the conclusion and suggests remedies to avoid its reoccurrence. This paper highlights the important steps in failure analysis with a few case studies demonstrated. Case studies include the failure of plumbing tube used in engine gimbal control system of liquid propulsion system, where failure was initiated due to process deficiency and its propagation was facilitated under fatigue loading. In the other case study discussed, failure of steel fasteners was due to hydrogen induced stress corrosion cracking (HISCC).

Impacts of Sample Preparation Methodology on TEM Failure Analysis of Advanced Semiconductor Devices

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongkai Zhou ◽  
Jie Zhu ◽  
Han Wei Teo ◽  
ACT Quah ◽  
Lei Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Failure Analysis ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Thickness Measurement ◽  
Interface Roughness ◽  
Silicide Formation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Inspection Method ◽  
Low Mass

Abstract In this paper, two failure analysis case studies are presented to demonstrate the importance of sample preparation procedures to successful failure analyses. Case study 1 establishes that Palladium (Pd) cannot be used as pre-FIB coating for SiO2 thickness measurement due to the spontaneously Pd silicide formation at the SiO2/Si interface. Platinum (Pt) is thus recommended, in spite of the Pt/SiO2 interface roughness, as the pre-FIB coating in this application. In the second case study, the dual-directional TEM inspection method is applied to characterize the profile of the “invisible” tungsten residue defect. The tungsten residue appears invisible in the planeview specimen due to the low mass-thickness contrast. It is then revealed in the cross-sectional TEM inspection.

Case Study—Lock-in Thermography Application in Failure Analysis of a System Level DC-DC μModule Regulator

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikash Kumar ◽  
Devraj Karthikeyan
Keyword(s):  
Heat Source ◽  
Failure Analysis ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Fault Localization ◽  
System Level ◽  
Thermal Failure ◽  
Analysis Process ◽  
Lock In

Abstract Fault localization is a common failure analysis process that is used to detect the anomaly on a faulty device. The Infrared Lock-In Thermography (LIT) is one of the localization techniques which can be used on the packaged chips for identifying the heat source which is a result of active damage. This paper extends the idea that the LIT analysis for fault localization is not only limited to the devices within the silicon die but it also highlights thermal failure indications of other components on the PCB (like capacitors, FETs etc on a system level DC-DC μmodule). The case studies presented demonstrate the effectiveness of using LIT in the Failure analysis process of a system level DC-DC μmodule regulator

Case Studies of the Use of Image Processing in Metrology and Failure Analysis

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kartik Ramanujachar
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Failure Analysis ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Image Data ◽  
Cumulative Distribution ◽  
Information Theoretic ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Processing Techniques

Abstract This paper describes the use of image processing techniques in metrology and failure analysis with the help of three case studies. The first study concerns a technique that significantly automates the process and hence enables both a rapid and accurate extraction of cumulative distribution function for transistor CD through the use of edge detection and quantification of image intensities. The second study is about utilizing a cross correlation algorithm and an appropriately chosen sample and image to estimate the "on image" spatial resolution of an scanning electron microscope. The last case study uses image data acquired with an atomic force microscope. The paper describes how information theoretic concepts like entropy and mutual information combined with image segmentation and nearest neighbor extraction can be used to isolate those regions of the AFM scan that can potentially benefit from further analysis.

Killing Your Neighbors

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon D. Holtzman
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
The Other ◽  
Lethal Violence ◽  
Northern Kenya ◽  
Perpetrators And Victims ◽  
Interethnic Violence ◽  
Violent Events

One of the most disturbing spectacles of recent decades has been brutal acts of violence—indeed genocide—between groups who had long lived together in relative peace. In such cases lethal violence is the product not of some far away and unseen hand but rather the hand of your neighbor, someone who before some unforeseen event was perhaps even your friend. Employing multi-sited and multi-vocal ethnography, the book examines how peaceful neighbors become transformed into perpetrators and victims of lethal violence. It engages with a set of interlocking Kenyan case studies, focusing on sometimes-peaceful, sometimes violent interactions between Samburu herders and neighboring groups, interweaving Samburu narratives of key violent events with the narratives of neighboring groups on the other side of the same encounters. The book is, on one hand, an ethnography of particular people in a particular place, vividly portraying the complex and confusing dynamics of interethnic violence principally through the lives, words and intimate experiences of individuals variously involved in and affected by these conflicts. At the same time, it aims to use this particular case study to illustrate how the dynamics in northern Kenya may provide comparative insights to well-known, compelling contexts of violence around the globe.

Sensing ‘Subtle Spirituality’ among Environmentalists

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 344-367
Author(s):  
Irene Becci ◽  
Christophe Monnot ◽  
Boris Wernli
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
The Other ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
Practice Meditation ◽  
The One

This article examines the emergence, in the Swiss context, of a new category of ecologically oriented ‘spiritual’ activists. The authors look at empirical studies conducted internationally on the link between religion and environmentalism and argue that ‘spiritually oriented activists’ are rarely investigated in quantitative studies. The authors then examine the findings of a case study of local milieus in two Swiss cities and nationwide data collected as part of the Swiss Household Panel (SHP). They close the gap between results coming from case studies, on the one hand, and representative studies, on the other, by introducing the variable of spirituality into quantitative research. The results suggest that an ecological milieu is emerging comprised of people who are located politically on the left, do not self-identify as religious, but nonetheless practice meditation and have holistic feelings. The forms of spirituality practiced by these ecologists are ‘subtle’ in the sense of being adaptable, located in the background, and supportive of sustainability.

Recognition gaps in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-214
Author(s):  
Elie Friedman
Keyword(s):  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Political Leaders ◽  
Self Identity ◽  
Official Discourse ◽  
Essential Aspect ◽  
Recognition Theory ◽  
Analytical Tools ◽  
The Relationship

This study identifies gaps in official discourse between recognition of the other as a nation and recognition of the other’s right to statehood within identity conflicts. Using as a case study the discourse of Israeli political leaders during three distinct periods from 1967 until the present, the study proposes analytical tools based on recognition theory to examine how the relationship between recognition of the other and constitution of the self impact recognition gaps. The study illustrates that partial recognition of the other — either affirmation of peoplehood coupled with denial of statehood or conversely affirmation of statehood coupled with denial of peoplehood — can result from an untenable view of self based on ontological dissonance. Recognition of the other is shown to be an essential aspect of self-constitution within the context of a transformation of self-identity towards an identity that frees itself of mastery over the other.

scholarly journals Computational Restrictions on Interative Prosodic Processes

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossep Dolatian ◽  
Nate Koser ◽  
Jonathan Rawski ◽  
Kristina Strother-Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Point ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
The Other ◽  
Secondary Stress ◽  
Arabic Dialects

We demonstrate a computational restriction on iterative prosody in phonology by using logical transductions. We show that the typology is fundamentally local but requires output recursion, formulated via quantifier-free transductions and least-fixed-point operators, respectively. We focus on two case studies from iterative prosody. One is iterative secondary stress. The other is more complex: iterative syllabification and epenthesis in Arabic dialects. The second case study involves formalizing Ito (1989)'s analysis of directional syllabification.

(Un)necessary Hardships in “Getting There”

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jürgen Schaflechner
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Day Case ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Access To Water ◽  
Discursive Representations ◽  
Current Practices

Chapter 4 uses modern-day case studies and extensive fieldwork to depict the current situation for those undertaking the pilgrimage. It shows how the construction of the MCH brought about a modernization of transportation to the shrine and also a renaissance of the walking practice to Hinglaj. It demonstrates how the infrastructure that developed along with the MCH, easier access to water, and a reduced chance of becoming lost in the desert have led to a revitalization of walking patterns and to new interpretations of the concept of austerity (Skt. tapasyā). A case study of a group of Gujarati pilgrims from India shows the situation for Hinglaj devotees on the other side of the border whose path to the Goddess contrasts starkly with that of their Pakistani counterparts. The chapter also discusses how recent developments around Hinglaj have exposed a gap between the traditional discursive representations of the pilgrimage and current practices at the shrine.

scholarly journals Implementing Integrated Reporting: Case Studies from the Italian Listed Companies

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato Camodeca ◽  
Alex Almici
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Listed Companies ◽  
The Other ◽  
Integrated Reporting ◽  
Process Of Change ◽  
Interpretive Case Study ◽  
Source Data ◽  
The One ◽  
Shed Light

The purpose of this paper is to explore the change experienced by the Italian listed companies through the implementation of integrating reporting. The objective of this study is to shed light on the company’s moving reasons towards integrating reporting and on its effects on the company’s thinking approach.This paper builds on multi-source data gathered through web-site visits, company materials and interviews, according to an interpretive case study approach.The authors found that the process of change experienced by the selected companies deserves consideration for at least two reasons: on the one hand, as a transition from a stand alone to an integrated thinking approach; on the other hand, as a transition from an implicit to a more explicit approach to sustainability.The paper is, to the best of the knowledge, the first one to explore the process of change experienced by the Italian listed companies through the implementation of integrated reporting.

The Rational Deterrence Debate

1989 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
George W. Downs
Keyword(s):  
Formal Methods ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Strategic Behavior ◽  
The Other ◽  
Heuristics And Biases ◽  
Deterrence Theory ◽  
Rational Theory ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The World

Although there are important differences between the rational theory of deterrence and the theory of deterrence that is emerging from the psychology and case-study literatures, it is necessary for adherents of both to appreciate the ways in which they complement each other and the problems they share. For example, rational deterrence theory will not describe the way the world works until certain heuristics and biases that can only be discovered through case studies and other inferential methods are either eliminated or integrated into the theory. On the other hand, psychologists and case-study researchers will find it difficult to trace through the implications of their discoveries for strategic behavior until they adopt some relative of formal methods.

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