Effects of Compatibilizer on Thermal and Mechanical Properties of PLA/NR Blends

2015 ◽  
Vol 819 ◽  
pp. 241-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Syazana Abdullah Sani ◽  
Agus Arsad ◽  
Abdul Razak Rahmat ◽  
Nor Nisa Balqis Mohammad
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Thermal And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Weight Percentage ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Mechanical Tensile ◽  
Internal Mixer ◽  
The Impact

The aim of the research is to study the effects of compatibilizer on thermal and mechanical properties ofbiopolymer poly (lactic acid) (PLA) and natural rubber (NR) blends. PLA was blended with NR in the composition of 95/5 weight percentage with present of compatibilizer. The compatibilizers, PLA grafted maleic anhydride (MA) (PLA-g-MA) and NR grafted MA (NR-g-MA) were synthesized in a composition of 9 phr of MA by using internal mixer in presence of benzoyl peroxide (BPO). The formulations of PLA/NR blended with the compatibilizer were in the range of 1, 3, 5 and 10 wt.% of PLA-g-MA and NR-g-MA, respectively. Blending process was conducted using twin screw extruder then were pelletized and hot pressed before characterized. The mechanical (tensile, flexural, impact) and thermal properties of the blends was investigated and from the results, the addition of PLA-g-MA in PLA/NR blendimproved the impact strength and elongation at break of the blends as compared with neat PLA and PLA/NR blend without compatibilizer and for thermal stability, it only had a slight influence on the blends. Addition of NR-g-MA on contrary did not give improvement on mechanical properties but increasing in thermal stability.

Effect of Curing System on Morphological, Rheological, Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Thermoplastic Vulcanizates Based on Epoxidized Natural Rubber and Polypropylene

2012 ◽  
Vol 602-604 ◽  
pp. 690-695
Author(s):  
Hua Dong Wang ◽  
Rui Wang ◽  
Mao Fang Huang ◽  
Qi Yang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Epoxidized Natural Rubber ◽  
Thermal And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Rheological Analysis ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Thermoplastic Vulcanizates ◽  
Internal Mixer

Thermoplastic vulcanizates (TPVs) based on epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) and polypropylene (PP) were prepared in an internal mixer at 180°C. The effects of curing systems (i.e., sulfur and peroxide) on morphological, rheological, thermal and mechanical properties were studied. It is found that the sulfur cured TPVs show higher tensile strength, tear strength and elongation at break than those cured with the DCP systems. The rheological analysis indicates that TPVs cured with DCP system show lower apparent shear viscosity than those with sulfur system. SEM studies show that TPVs vulcanized with DCP system exhibit smaller and finely dispersed rubber domains, which provides it higher thermal stability than sulfur cured TPVs.

Effects of walnut shell powders on the morphology and the thermal and mechanical properties of poly(lactic acid)

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (10) ◽  
pp. 1383-1395
Author(s):  
Hongjuan Zheng ◽  
Zhengqian Sun ◽  
Hongjuan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Property Testing ◽  
Walnut Shell ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Thermal And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Heat Distortion Temperature ◽  
Testing Techniques

Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) has good environmental compatibility, however, its high brittleness, slow rate of crystallization, and low heat distortion temperature restrict its widespread use. To overcome these limitations, in this study, PLA was mixed with walnut shell (WS) powders. The effects of WS powders on the morphology and the thermal and mechanical properties of PLA were investigated. The products were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), infrared (IR) spectroscopy, polarizing optical microscopy (POM), and various mechanical property testing techniques. The results showed that WS powders had a significant effect on the morphology and the thermal and mechanical properties of PLA. The tensile strength, impact strength, and elongation at break of the PLA/WS composites first increased and then decreased with the increasing addition of WS powders. When the addition of WS powders was about 0.5 wt%, they reached maximum values of 51.2 MPa, 23.3 MPa, and 19.0%, respectively. Compared with neat PLA, the spherulite grain size of the composites could be reduced and many irregular polygons were formed during crystallization. The melting, cold crystallization, and glass-transition temperatures of the composites were lower than those of neat PLA.

Morphological, Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Poly(Lactic Acid)/Cellulose/ Nano-Clay Composite

2020 ◽  
Vol 856 ◽  
pp. 331-338
Author(s):  
Sirisart Ouajai ◽  
Suttinun Phongtamrug
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Thermal And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Chemically Modified ◽  
Nano Clay ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Modified Cellulose

This research has focused on the effect of modified cellulose and clay on the thermal and mechanical properties of PLA bio-nanocomposite. Cellulose was chemically modified with silane coupling agent in order to enhance compatiblization with PLA. Successful modification was confirmed by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and EDX-SEM. PLA was compounded with various amounts and ratios of the modified cellulose and clay by a twin-screw extruder. Thermal properties of the bio-nanocomposites were characterized by Thermogravimetric Analysis and Differential Scanning Calorimetry. Glass transition temperature of the bio-nanocomposite slightly decreased whereas melting temperature remained constant when the amount of both fillers was increased. In addition, crystallization behaviour of PLA has been influenced by the type and amount of the fillers. Clay showed a greater effect on the crystallization of PLA than the modified cellulose and unmodified one, respectively. The flexural modulus of the composite containing equal amount between clay and cellulose was increased with an increasing in fillers contents. But the flexural and impact strength of composite were gradually decreased with an increase in fillers contents. Variation of clay and cellulose ratio resulted in the change of mechanical properties. The composite containing higher ratio between clay:cellulose or cellulose:clay showed a better mechnical properties comparing to the ratio of clay:cellulose equal to 1:1.

scholarly journals Effect of Silver Nanopowder on Mechanical, Thermal and Antimicrobial Properties of Kenaf/HDPE Composites

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 3928
Author(s):  
Vikneswari Sanmuham ◽  
Mohamed Thariq Hameed Sultan ◽  
A. M. Radzi ◽  
Ahmad Adlie Shamsuri ◽  
Ain Umaira Md Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Improved Stability ◽  
Mechanical Tensile ◽  
Internal Mixer ◽  
Tga And Dsc

This study aims to investigate the effect of AgNPs on the mechanical, thermal and antimicrobial activity of kenaf/HDPE composites. AgNP material was prepared at different contents, from 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 to 10 wt%, by an internal mixer and hot compression at a temperature of 150 °C. Mechanical (tensile, modulus and elongation at break), thermal (TGA and DSC) and antimicrobial tests were performed to analyze behavior and inhibitory effects. The obtained results indicate that the effect of AgNP content displays improved tensile and modulus properties, as well as thermal and antimicrobial properties. The highest tensile stress is 5.07 MPa and was obtained at 10wt, TGA showed 10 wt% and had improved thermal stability and DSC showed improved stability with increased AgNP content. The findings of this study show the potential of incorporating AgNP concentrations as a secondary substitute to improve the performance in terms of mechanical, thermal and antimicrobial properties without treatment. The addition of AgNP content in polymer composite can be used as a secondary filler to improve the properties.

Comparison of Morphology and Mechanical Properties of Polyoxymethylene/Cellulose and Poly(Lactic Acid)/Cellulose Composites

2018 ◽  
Vol 916 ◽  
pp. 19-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sirirat Wacharawichanant ◽  
Nisarat Wimonsupakit ◽  
Sasithorn Kuhaudomlap
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Microscopy Study ◽  
Electron Microscopy Study ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Melt Mixing ◽  
Cellulose Composites ◽  
Internal Mixer ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Morphology And Mechanical Properties

The objective of this study is to fabricate the polyoxymethylene (POM)/microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and poly(lactic acid) (PLA)/MCC composites, and to compare the effect of MCC on the morphology and mechanical properties of POM and PLA. The polymer composites were prepared by melt mixing in an internal mixer and molded by compression molding. The MCC concentrations were 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, 15 and 10% by weight. From scanning electron microscopy study observes the fracture surface of POM and PLA composites is much rough and the roughness increases with increasing MCC content. This observation indicates MCC induces the ductile fracture characteristic of POM and PLA. The addition of MCC can improve the impact strength of PLA composite and improve Young’s modulus of both POM and PLA composites. While the tensile strength and strain at break decrease after adding MCC. In summary, MCC can enhance the morphology and mechanical properties of PLA composites is better than POM composites.

Thermomechanical Study and Thermal Behavior of Plasticized Poly(Lactic Acid) Nanocomposites

2021 ◽  
Vol 317 ◽  
pp. 333-340
Author(s):  
Mohammed Zorah ◽  
Izan Roshawaty Mustapa ◽  
Norlinda Daud ◽  
Nahida Jumah ◽  
Nur Ain Syafiqah Sudin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Thermal Behavior ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Solvent Casting ◽  
Thermal And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Hot Press

Poly (lactic acid) (PLA) is a useful alternative to petrochemical commodity material used in such as in food packaging industries. Due to its inherent brittleness, low thermal stability, and poor crystallization, it needs to improve its properties, namely in terms of thermal and mechanical performance. The plasticized PLA composites reinforced with nanofiller were prepared by solvent casting and hot press methods. Thermal and mechanical properties, as well as the crystallinity study of these nanocomposites, were investigated to study the effect of tributyl citrate (TBC) and TiO2 on the PLA composites. The addition of TBC improved the flexibility and crystallinity of the composites. Reinforcement of TiO2 was found as a practical approach to improve the mechanical properties, thermal stability, and enhanced crystalline ability for plasticized PLA nanocomposites. Based on the results achieved in this study, the composite with 3.5% nanofiller (pPLATi3.5) presented the optimum set of mechanical properties and improved thermal stability.

scholarly journals Recycling of Mixed Poly(Ethylene-terephthalate) and Poly(Lactic Acid)

2019 ◽  
Vol 253 ◽  
pp. 02005
Author(s):  
Daniel Gere ◽  
Tibor Czigany
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Ethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Poly Ethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Poly Ethylene ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

Nowadays, PLA is increasingly used as a packaging material, therefore it may appear in the petrol-based polymer waste stream. However, with the today’s mechanical recycling technologies PLA and PET bottles cannot be easily or cheaply separated. Therefore, our goal was to investigate the mechanical, morphological and thermal properties of different PET and PLA compounds in a wide range of compositions. We made different compounds from poly(ethylene-terephthalate) (PET) and poly(lactic acid) (PLA) by extrusion, and injection molded specimens from the compounds. We investigated the mechanical properties and the phase morphology of the samples and the thermal stability of the regranulates. PET and PLA are thermodynamically immiscible, therefore we observed a typical island-sea type morphology in SEM micrographs. When PLA was added, the mechanical properties (tensile strength, modulus, elongation at break and impact strength) changed significantly. The Young’s modulus increased, while elongation at break and impact strength decreased with the increase of the weight fraction of PLA. The TGA results indicated that the incorporation of PLA decreased the thermal stability of the PET/PLA blends.

scholarly journals Investigation the effect of Graphene on The Morphology, Mechanical and Thermal properties of PLA/PMMA Blends

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azin Paydayesh ◽  
Ahmad Aref Azar ◽  
Azam Jalali Arani
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Blend Morphology ◽  
Pmma Blends ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

In this work, Poly Lactic Acid/Poly methyl Methacrylate (PLA/PMMA) blends in various compositions prepared and morphology and properties of these blends was investigated. Moreover, the effect of adding different amounts of Graphene Nanoplatelets (GNP) on the morphology of the blends (by SEM), the interaction of nanopalates with polymer phases (by FTIR) and its effect on the mechanical properties and thermal stability of the samples were examined. The results of the study showed that in different amounts of graphene, these plates were preferentially located in the polymer phases dissimilarly and thus, caused the change of the blend morphology. In addition, measuring the mechanical properties by tensile test and results of thermal analysis by TGA indicated the improvement of thermal stability, modulus and mechanical strength and reduction of the elongation at break of graphene containing blends with increasing the loading of GNP. The changing behavior of the mechanical and thermal properties was proportional to the Graphene localization in blend phases.

scholarly journals PLA Electrospun Fibers Reinforced with Organic and Inorganic Nanoparticles: A Comparative Study

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (16) ◽  
pp. 4925
Author(s):  
Adrián Leonés ◽  
Valentina Salaris ◽  
Alicia Mujica-Garcia ◽  
Marina P. Arrieta ◽  
Daniel Lopez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Inorganic Nanoparticles ◽  
Degree Of Crystallinity ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Electrospun Fibers ◽  
Thermal And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Grafting From

In this work, different poly (lactic acid) (PLA)-based nanocomposite electrospun fibers, reinforced with both organic and inorganic nanoparticles, were obtained. As organic fibers, cellulose nanocrystals, CNC, both neat and functionalized by “grafting from” reaction, chitosan and graphene were used; meanwhile, hydroxyapatite and silver nanoparticles were used as inorganic fibers. All of the nanoparticles were added at 1 wt% with respect to the PLA matrix in order to be able to compare their effect. The main aim of this work was to study the morphological, thermal and mechanical properties of the different systems, looking for differences between the effects of the addition of organic or inorganic nanoparticles. No differences were found in either the glass transition temperature or the melting temperature between the different electrospun systems. However, systems reinforced with both neat and functionalized CNC exhibited an enhanced degree of crystallinity of the electrospun fibers, by up to 12.3%. From a mechanical point of view, both organic and inorganic nanoparticles exhibited a decreased elastic modulus and tensile strength in comparison to neat electrospun PLA fibers, improving their elongation at break. Furthermore, all of the organic and inorganic reinforced systems disintegrated under composting conditions after 35 days.

Effect of SEBS on the Mechanical Properties and Miscibility of Polystyrene Rich Polystyrene/ Polypropylene Blends

2005 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 261-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sani Amril Samsudin ◽  
Azman Hassan ◽  
Munirah Mokhtar ◽  
Syed Mustafa Syed Jamaluddin
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Blend Composition ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Strength And Stiffness ◽  
Polypropylene Blends ◽  
Pp Blends ◽  
The Impact

Blends of polystyrene (PS) with polypropylene (PP) are usually developed to overcome the inherent brittleness of PS. However, PS with PP are immiscible and (in the absence of a compatibiliser) incompatible. The present study investigated the effects of styrene-b (ethylene-co-butylene)-b-styrene (SEBS) on the mechanical properties and compatibility of PS-rich PS/PP blends. Using a Brabender PL2000 twin-screw extruder, blends of PS/PP in various compositions ranging from 100-60 wt% PS with and without SEBS were prepared and injection moulded. The overall results clearly showed that the mechanical properties of PS/PP blends are dependent on blend composition (ratio of PS/PP) and SEBS content. The impact strength and elongation at break of the PS/PP blends increase with SEBS content, at the expense of tensile strength and flexural modulus. The improvements in impact strength and elongation at break with the addition of SEBS are due to the improved interfacial adhesion between the dispersed phase (PP) and matrix phase (PS). The improvement in miscibility of the PS/PP blend with the addition of SEBS is supported by DMA analysis. This showed that the 60/40 PS/PP blends possess two endothermic peaks whereas 60/40/25 PS/PP/SEBS blends have a single endothermic peak at 102 °C, indicating that they have an improved miscibility. The effectiveness of SEBS in enhancing the blends depends on the blend composition. A significant improvement was observed upon addition of more than 10 phr of SEBS into the 70/30 and 60/40 PS/PP blends, but not much improvement in the case of the 90/10 and 80/20 PS/PP blends. However, a higher SEBS content is more effective at higher PS contents, as illustrated by the 90/10/25 PS/PP/SEBS blends having higher impact strengths than 60/40/25 PS/PP/SEBS. The optimum blend, based on achieving a balance between toughness (impact strength) and stiffness (flexural modulus), is 90/10/25 PS/PP/SEBS, followed by 80/20/25 PS/PP/SEBS.

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