Interaction of Mixing Water with Superlasticizers and Hyperplasticizers Additives in Concrete Mixture

2019 ◽  
Vol 945 ◽  
pp. 176-181
Author(s):  
V.N. Vernigorova ◽  
S.M. Sadenko
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Local Effect ◽  
Concrete Technology ◽  
Organized Media ◽  
Strong Material ◽  
Mechanism Of Interaction ◽  
Powder Particles ◽  
Dispersed Material ◽  
Mixing Water

The article deals with the mechanism of interaction of super-plasticizers and hyper-plasticizers additives with mixing water, the formation of micelles and organized water. The interaction of mixing water and additives with Portland cement particles, surface tension, specific surface of bindings and their significance in setting and hardening processes are considered. It is shown that a local effect plays a decisive role in micro-heterogeneous organized media associated with the dissolution of hydrophilic and hydrophobic molecules in the volume of the micellar system or the receptor molecule cavity. In this case, the change of dissolved substances properties is due to the change of the medium state only in the microenvironment, and not in the whole solvent - water. The surface energy of the dispersed material and the degree of dispersion are very important for the concrete technology. All dispersed materials of the system are unstable. The aggregation of powder particles of building materials spontaneously takes place in highly dispersed powders and if such powders get pressure, it is possible to get a hard and strong material without water and additives.

Development of Mixture "Clay – Electro-Smelting Slag" for Ceramic Brick

2014 ◽  
Vol 682 ◽  
pp. 480-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.F. Torosyan ◽  
E.S. Torosyan
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Ceramic Brick ◽  
Ceramic Samples ◽  
Manufactured Products ◽  
Smelting Slag ◽  
Compression Resistance ◽  
Mixing Water ◽  
Melting Slag

Industrial transition to a totally new level of resources and energy saving necessitates improving the technical level of building materials manufacturing, growing their raw materials base, the assortment, enhancing the quality of manufactured products, cutting their cost price. It requires, first of all, carrying out more detailed research in properties of clay and clay loams, and selecting optimal additives for pottery works. Such disadvantages of clays as burning sensitivity, low compression resistance and flexural strength in a burnt state, low frost resistance cause the impossibility of their application without corrective additives. It is quite difficult to find an additive which can solve all the technological problems mentioned above. This paper provides the development of mixture "clay – electro-melting slag" for ceramic brick, moreover, addition of a steel-smelting slag in the fusion mixture results in the change in mixing water content of ceramic masses, strength and coloration of ceramic samples.

Treated Effluent in Concrete Technology

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soon Lee Ooi ◽  
Mohd Razman Salim ◽  
Mohammad Ismail ◽  
Md. Imtiaj Ali
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Concrete Technology ◽  
Water Quality Control ◽  
Treated Effluent ◽  
Compressive Strength Test ◽  
Direct Discharge ◽  
Mixing Water

In this paper, the feasibility of using treated effluent for concrete mixing was studied. Treated effluent from sewage treatment plants in Malaysia is currently being wasted through direct discharge into waterways. With proper water quality control, this treated effluent can also be considered as a potential water resource for specific applications. Two tests were carried out namely compressive strength test and setting time to determine the feasibility of using treated effluent for concrete mixing. The results were compared against the test conducted on control specimens which used potable water. The results showed that treated effluent increases the compressive strength and setting time when compared with potable water. Key words: treated effluent; mixing water; compressive strength; setting time; concrete technology.

scholarly journals Self-Cleaning Concretes: An Overview

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 6-12
Author(s):  
ilker bekir topçu
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Civil Engineering ◽  
Effective Solution ◽  
Concrete Technology ◽  
Engineering Studies ◽  
The Past ◽  
Great Progress ◽  
Self Cleaning ◽  
Mineral Additives

Many studies have been carried out on the problems of civil engineering with the change of human problems today and in the past. These studies contributed to the development of concrete technology. Concrete is an important building material consisting of mixing aggregate, cement and water with or without chemical and mineral additives since the first day of use. Concrete technology has made great progress and continues. With developing concrete technology, self-cleaning concretes have emerged. Many studies have been conducted on self-cleaning concretes by researchers. This article reviews the research published on self-cleaning concretes and presents its role in reducing environmental pollution and its place in future engineering studies. When we look at the studies on self-cleaning concretes that emerged as a result of the developments in concrete technology, it is seen that the developments have progressed considerably. Contemporary civil engineering has provided a highly effective solution for the solution of modern problems. Environmentally friendly building materials will fulfil their duty in reducing air pollution, one of the biggest problems of our time. Self-cleaning buildings and roads that reduce pollution may sound like futuristic ideas, but it is not far away to encounter these structures more widely in our country and our world.

An Experimental Study of Pig Blood–Lime Mortar Used on Ancient Architecture in China

2014 ◽  
Vol 997 ◽  
pp. 496-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Zhao ◽  
De Qing Xie ◽  
Guang Yan Li ◽  
Yun Sheng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Architectural History ◽  
Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Environmental Scanning ◽  
Historical Buildings ◽  
Lime Mortar ◽  
Mechanism Of Interaction ◽  
Scanning Electron

Portland cement has low chemical and physical affinity for traditional building materials. This hinders the restoration of historical buildings and modern rustic architecture where blue bricks are used. Pig blood–lime mortar is one of the most important technological inventions in the Chinese architectural history. Mortar in this work was fabricated according to formulas of the literature, and some analyses were conducted for further understanding their microstructure. Environmental scanning electron microscopy was utilized to analyze mechanism of interaction between key components of ancient mortar bonding materials. Results show that pig blood accelerates the formation of microstructure at early stage. Pig blood plays the role of biological templates which regulates the growth of calcium carbonate crystal.

scholarly journals MICROSTRUCTURE CHARACTERISTIC AND COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF SELF COMPACTING CONCRETE USING SEA WATER AS MIXING WATER

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
erniati ◽  
muhammad wihardi tjaronge ◽  
Rudy Djamaluddin ◽  
Victor Sampebulu
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Self Compacting Concrete ◽  
Concrete Technology ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Microstructure Characteristics ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Microstructure Characteristic ◽  
Mixing Water

Indonesia is an archipelagic country which makes many areas doesn’t have qualified water as drinking water. As concrete construction building in the region has possibly minimum or non-existent amount of fresh water, the using of sea water in mixing concrete and curing concrete is unavoidable. The demand of water is getting more and more increasing in both the improvement of infrastructure development and the life need. In the concrete industry, several billion tons of water is used as water mixing, curing and cleaning every year. Therefore the use of sea water is not allowed. In fact, we know that seawater is one of the abundant natural resources. Due to this problem, the research on the use of sea water is very important owing to the saving of freshwater is seriously needed. This study uses sea water by combining effective and efficient concrete technology of Self Compacting Concrete (SCC). This paper is a part of ongoing research studying about microstructure characteristics and the strength of SCC using sea water. It discusses about the compressive strength, absorption and porosity as microstructure characteristics of SCC until the age of 28 days. The results are: (1) the seawater used as mixing water did not affect the development of the compressive strength of concrete, (2) the difference compressive strength of SCC-SS with SCC-FF at an early age is very high occurred at ages 1 and 3 days and (3) The higher the compressive strength value is, the smaller the absorption and porosity is in concrete.

scholarly journals The Future and Prospects of Periwinkle Composites in Reinforced Concretes: A Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 49-67
Author(s):  
Nkwoada Amarachi ◽  
Onyedika Gerald ◽  
Oguzie Emeka ◽  
Ogwuegbu Martin
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Concrete Technology ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Cost Of Construction ◽  
Shell Powder ◽  
Periwinkle Shell ◽  
Curing Age

The choice of building materials and the rising cost of construction materials have continued to plaque the building and construction industry without an immediate solution. Industrialists and scholars are investigating several naturally occurring materials for concrete composite reinforcements. The article chronologically reviewed the growth and development of periwinkle shell powder (PSP) and periwinkle ash powder (PSA) as composite materials in concretes. Findings showed that 28 days of curing age are required for lightweight concretes reinforced with PSP or PAP at 10-30% optimum. Produced lightweight concretes were susceptible to acidic medium and induce lower compressive strength which eventually leads to concrete/structure disintegrate and collapse. Research challenges and funding hamper the application of PSP/PAP in the concrete formulation and are unable to drive innovations and economic benefits as a composite. Advances in concrete technology showed that PSP/PSA mollusk shells achieve pillar strength grade and weight/load bearing status for the improvement of PSP/PSA blended concretes. Also, the composite potential showed that the functionalization of PSP/PSA, sustainability, and nano modification of cementitious materials and concretes are promising. Future studies are required to develop periwinkle reinforced concrete silos, sewers, and smart concrete materials with improved mechanical, thermal, and aesthetic properties.

scholarly journals Built Infrastructure Renewal and Climate Change Mitigation Can Both Find Solutions in CO2

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucca Henrion ◽  
Duo Zhang ◽  
Victor Li ◽  
Volker Sick
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Federal Government ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Public Procurement ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Concrete Technology ◽  
Embodied Carbon ◽  
Concrete Production ◽  
Reduction Methods

From technology to policy, the US is thinking about construction differently. The federal government is motivated to address the aging infrastructure across the country, and policy proposals are surfacing that seek green methods of performing this construction. This paper reviews the current status of concrete technology and policy to provide insight into the current state of the art. The scale of CO2 emissions from concrete production and use is elucidated. Current embodied emissions reduction methods show that action can be taken today in small and large projects alike. Additionally, developing concrete technologies offers pathways to reuse and rely on concrete for longer service lifetimes and reduce their lifetime embodied emissions. These concrete technologies must be implemented, and public procurement proves a unique tool to develop a nationwide demand signal for low embodied carbon building materials. Local governments closely interact with concrete producers, state governments oversee large infrastructure projects, and the federal government invests massively in construction. All three levels of government must coordinate for the effective rollout of low embodied carbon construction practices. Disparate policy approaches show successes and pitfalls to developing an effective construction policy that is aligned with climate. Importantly, approaches to addressing the twin challenge of climate change and crumbling infrastructure must consider the whole lifetime of the concrete. Throughout this paper, we examine the sector to highlight current practices and provide a vision for effective implementation.

Electrical Properties of Alkali-Activated Slag Mortar with Carbon Fibres

2017 ◽  
Vol 908 ◽  
pp. 100-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Rovnaník ◽  
Maria Míková ◽  
Ivo Kusák
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Specific Conductivity ◽  
Carbon Fibres ◽  
Alkali Activated Slag ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Activated Slag ◽  
Mixing Water ◽  
Alkali Activated

Building materials with enhanced electrical properties gain the importance in the new field of applications such as self-sensing or self-heating materials. In this paper, 3 mm long carbon fibres were used as a conductive admixture to alkali-activated slag mortar in order to reduce its resistivity. The amount of carbon fibres was ranging from 0.5 to 4.0% of the slag mass and the effect of the conductive admixture on the mechanical properties, electrical impedance, specific conductivity, and microstructure of alkali-activated slag composite was investigated. Only 0.5% of carbon fibres caused a significant decrease in impedance of alkali-activated slag composite and the addition of 4% reduced the impedance by one order of magnitude for low AC frequencies. However, due to problematic dispersion and higher demand of mixing water, the mechanical properties were deteriorated, especially at higher content of carbon fibres.

scholarly journals EFFICIENCY OF PLASTICIZER EFFECT DEPENDING ON METHOD OF THEIR INTRODUCTION INTO CONCRETE

2021 ◽  
pp. 98-104
Author(s):  
A.P. Nikolaev ◽  
◽  
E.V. Kondrashchenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Portland Cement ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Cone Penetration ◽  
Dry Process ◽  
Adsorption Processes ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
And Control ◽  
Additional Reduction

Abstract. The article dwells on existing methods of plasticizing additive introduction into Portland cement-based concrete mortars. A review was performed of available works studying the reasons of different effect of pasticizers depending on the method of their introduction into concrete. It was supposed that different results in effectiveness of such additives may be connected to not only adsorption processes taking place on the surface of Portland cement aluminate and sulfate phases, but also to their concentration capillary redistribution mechanism within concrete structure. This assumption was experimentally tested using dispersed building materials deprived of calcium sulfates and aluminates. Dry process clinker-based cement consumption may be positively reduced at presence of a plasticizing additive provided it was wetted before that with mixing water. Such a result confirmed authors’ assumption that not only plasticizing agent, but cement as well may be spared in case of combined additive introduction method while maintaining the values of rheological and strength parameters of obtained products. An additional reduction in cement consumption per unit mass of products leads to a decrease in the "clinker-concrete intensity" parameter. This opportunity will contribute to the reduction of the greenhouse effect by reducing CO2 emissions into the atmosphere when firing Portland cement clincer. We concluded that our proposed decisive role of plasticizing additive redistribution capillary mechanism in cement paste intergrain air space enables, on a par with its adsorption counterpart, a more substantiated prediction of applied plasticizer efficiency depending on their properties, as well as on condition and pjase composition of applied binders and aggregates. Efficiency of cone penetration methods was demonstrated in analysis and control of Portland cement condition and behavior.

scholarly journals The problem of interaction of values and norms in the economic culture of modern society

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-294
Author(s):  
Dmitriy K. Stozhko
Keyword(s):  
Social Reproduction ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Functional Program ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Economic Culture ◽  
Mechanism Of Interaction ◽  
Modern Economic ◽  
Economic Consciousness

Introduction. The aim of the study is to develop theoretical and methodological approaches to solving the problem of the interaction of values and institutions in the context of modern economic culture. The article provides a comprehensive analysis of the epistemological and axiological aspects of the reproduction of spiritual and moral values and their transformation into social institutions in connection with the formation and development of economic consciousness. Materials and Methods. We used dialectical, structural-functional, program-targeted, hermeneutic and axiological methods for studying and theoretical and methodological reconstruction of the process of transforming values into institutions. On the basis of a comparison of various philosophical approaches to solving the problem under consideration, specific methods for reconstructing the mechanism of interaction between values and institutions are proposed. Results. Within the framework of the dialectic approach, a three-phase model of transformation of values into institutions is formulated, taking into account the specific role that the pneumatic sphere, the noosphere and the technosphere play in this process. The content of each of the considered phases (generation, accumulation, translation) in the framework of the process of transformation of values into institutions has been revealed. Discussion and Conclusion. A generalized analysis of philosophical ideas in the formulation and solution of the problem under study is given (V. I. Vernadsky, J. Galbraith, A. Lengle, N. Lumann, K. Marx, P. Teyar de Chardin, V. V. Nalimov) The inconsistency of attempts by individual researchers to divide social reproduction into two separate fragments: material production and noonomics is substantiated. The conclusion about the decisive role of moral and ethical aspects in the process of transformation of values into institutions is argued.

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