Arrangement Optimization and Crashworthiness Analysis of B-Pilla Solder Joint Based on Collision Safety

2021 ◽  
Vol 315 ◽  
pp. 90-95
Author(s):  
Dong Wen ◽  
Wang Hua ◽  
Hai Feng Yang ◽  
Liu Tao ◽  
Qiu Yue Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Solder Joint ◽  
Impact Load ◽  
Middle Part ◽  
The Body ◽  
Side Impact ◽  
Collision Safety ◽  
Class B ◽  
Torsional Frequency ◽  
Crashworthiness Analysis ◽  
The Impact

Through hyperworks and Lsdyna, the side impact simulation of the vehicle model with Q&P980 class B-pilla is carried out. The middle part of B-pillar is the main part to bear the impact load, which corresponds to the occupant's chest and abdomen. The invasive displacement and the speed are large and the change trend is basically the same. After the optimization of the B-pillar weld solder joint layout, the number of solder joints was reduced by 23.61%, the structural static stiffness and the first-order torsional frequency were improved, the collision performance remained basically unchanged, and the body assembly cost was reduced.

Three-Dimensional Modeling and Simulation of a Falling Electronic Device

2006 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua Shan ◽  
Jianzhong Su ◽  
Jiansen Zhu ◽  
Leon Xu
Keyword(s):  
Rigid Body ◽  
Electronic Device ◽  
Impact Load ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
The Body ◽  
Contact Dynamics ◽  
Model Verification ◽  
Multiple Impacts ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
The Impact

This article focuses on a realistic mathematical model for multiple impacts of a rigid body to a viscoelastic ground and its comparison to theoretic results. The methodology is used to study impact on an electronic device. When an electronic device drops to the floor at an uneven level, the rapid successions of impact sequence are important for their shock response to internal structure of the devices. A three-dimensional, continuous contact, computational impact model has been developed to simulate a sequence of multiple impacts of a falling rigid body with the ground. The model simulates the impact procedure explicitly and thus is capable of providing detailed information regarding impact load, impact contact surface, and the status of the body during the impact. For the purposes of model verification, we demonstrate the numerical simulation of a falling rod problem, in which the numerical results are in good agreement with the analytic solutions based on discrete contact dynamics impact models. It is indicated by the numerical experiments that simultaneous impacts occurred to multiple locations of the body and that subsequent impacts might be larger than initial ones due to different angles of impact. The differential equation-based computational model is shown to be realistic and efficient in simulating impact sequence and laid a foundation for detailed finite element analysis of the interior impact response of an electronic device.

An Experimental Investigation of Wave Impact Loads on a Slender Horizontal Cylinder

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph F. Haley ◽  
Chris Swan ◽  
Richard Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Water Surface ◽  
Impact Load ◽  
Horizontal Cylinder ◽  
The Body ◽  
Impact Loads ◽  
Wave Impact ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Wave Event ◽  
Vector Sum ◽  
The Impact

This paper concerns the difficulties arising in the prediction of the impact loads associated with an extreme wave event. A new set of experimental observations are presented. These concern the impact loads arising on a slender horizontal cylinder located at varying elevations above the still water level. The experimental observations incorporate a wide range of wave forms. In each case, data is provided describing (i) the incident water surface profiles, (ii) the incident fluid velocities and (iii) the load components acting on the cylinder. Comparisons between the measured data and the classical impact load solutions confirm a number of important departures. In particular, it is shown that as the wave becomes very steep (approaching the breaking limit) the vector sum of the horizontal and vertical velocity components at the water surface may deviate significantly from the normal to the local water surface. In such cases it becomes unclear exactly what direction the impact force acts. The present data suggests that this is, in part, dependent on the rate of inundation of the body. Furthermore, the present results also show that if the direction of the force is correct modelled, the variations in the predicted loading (or slamming) coefficient are much reduced.

Investigating the influence of Taekwondo body protectors size on shock absorption

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Hee Seong Jeong ◽  
Sae Yong Lee ◽  
Hyung Jun Noh ◽  
David Michael O’Sullivan ◽  
Young Rim Lee
Keyword(s):  
Impact Strength ◽  
Impact Force ◽  
Impact Load ◽  
The Body ◽  
Shock Absorption ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Maximum Impact Force ◽  
Impact Energies ◽  
The Impact

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to compare and analyze the difference of impact force attenuation according to size and impact location on a Taekwondo body protector. METHODS: Body protectors sized 1 to 5, were impact tested by equipment based on the specifications in the European standard manual (EN 13277-1, 3). The impactor release heights were set to match impact energies of 3 and 15 J. The impactor was made from a 2.5 kg cylindrically cut piece of aluminum. Each body protector was impacted 10 times at the two impact energies and two locations. The differences in performance for each body protector size were compared using a two-way analysis of variance with a significance level of p< 005. The effect sizes were investigated using a partial eta squared value (η2). RESULTS: The significant mean differences between the body protector size and impact area (p< 005) and the average impact time of impact strengths 3 and 15 J were 0.0017 and 0.0012 s, respectively In addition, when an impact strength of 15 J was applied, the maximum resulting impact force exceeded 2000 N for both locations on all sizes. Furthermore, at an impact strength of 3 J size 3 significantly reduced the impact force more than the other sizes; however, size 1 showed the greatest shock absorption at an impact of 15 J. CONCLUSION: The results of this study show that the shock absorption of body protectors does not increase according to size; i.e., a larger body protector does not reduce the impact load more effectively. To improve safety performance, we recommend a maximum impact force of 2000 N or less for all body protectors.

scholarly journals Update on Ongoing Tank Car Crashworthiness Research: Predicted Performance and Fabrication Approach

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Carolan ◽  
David Tyrell ◽  
Brandon Talamini
Keyword(s):  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Impact Load ◽  
The Body ◽  
Rigid Punch ◽  
Load Path ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Structural Foam ◽  
Improved Design ◽  
Energy Absorbing ◽  
The Impact

Research is currently underway to develop strategies for maintaining the structural integrity of railroad tank cars carrying hazardous materials during collisions. This research, sponsored by the Federal Railroad Administration (FRA), has focused on four design functions to accomplish this goal: blunting the impact load, absorbing the collision energy, strengthening the commodity tank, and controlling the load path into the tank. Previous papers have been presented outlining the weight and space restrictions for this new design, as well as the approach being taken in developing the design. The performance goals for the new car have also been outlined. A key goal for the new design is the ability to contain its lading at four times the impact energy of the baseline equipment. Presently, a preliminary design has been developed that will incorporate these four functions together. This new design features a conventional commodity tank with external reinforcements to strengthen the tank. The reinforced tank is situated on a structural foam cradle, within an external carbody. This carbody has been designed utilizing welded steel sandwich panels. The body is designed to take all of the inservice loads, removing the commodity tank from the load path during normal operations. Additionally, the carbody panels will serve as an energy-absorbing mechanism in the event of a collision. Preliminary steps for fabricating and assembling the new tank car design have been outlined. These steps were developed with the intention of paralleling existing tank car fabrication process as much as is practical. Using the commercial finite element analysis (FEA) software ABAQUS/Explicit, the improved design has been analyzed for its response to an impact by a rigid punch. Simulations of two generalized impact scenarios have been made for this rigid punch impacting the improved tank car head as well as the improved tank car shell. Results of these analyses, including the force-displacement curves for both impacts, are presented within this paper. These results show that an improved-design tank car can contain the commodity for a head impact with eight times the energy of the baseline car, and four times the energy for a shell impact.

scholarly journals Features of the spatial organization of the body in athletes of various qualifications when hitting the ball in football

2020 ◽  
pp. 20-23
Author(s):  
A. Bondar
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Organization ◽  
Middle Part ◽  
The Body ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Final Phase ◽  
Preparation Phase ◽  
Shock Motion ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Support Leg

The article analyzes the angular characteristics of football players of different qualifications in the extreme phases of the impact of the middle part of the foot on a stationary ball. The angles of the knee, hip, shoulder, elbow joints involved in the impact are considered. Their quantitative values, changes and differences between them are determined. Analyzing the quantitative characteristics of the angles at different moments of the phases when performing a shot on the ball is established. Highly qualified football players have a pronounced coordination of movements in the corners of the lower extremities. In the first phase, the blow is performed due to movement in the hip joint, ending in the knee. In this case, athletes effectively use the movement in the shoulder joint in the initial phase of the impact to increase its strength. Movement in the elbow joint in the final phase to maintain balance. In low-skilled players, the coordination of movements is disturbed, both joints of the legs are equally involved in the first phase of the blow. The movement of the hands does not occur, the shoulder and elbow joints are connected only in the final phase of the movement. It is established that the angular characteristics of the knee, hip and elbow joints in the micro-phase of the support leg of the preparation phase have statistically significant differences. Also in the micro-phase shock motion of the working phase there are statistically significant differences in all four angles analyzed by us.

scholarly journals Head, chest and femur injury in teenage pedestrian–SUV crash; mass influence on the speeds

2018 ◽  
Vol 233 (4) ◽  
pp. 790-809 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filippo Carollo ◽  
Gabriele Virzì Mariotti ◽  
Vincenzo Naso ◽  
Salvatore Golfo
Keyword(s):  
Contact Point ◽  
Lateral Position ◽  
The Body ◽  
Side Impact ◽  
Thin Plates ◽  
Head Injury Criterion ◽  
Injury Criteria ◽  
Force Criterion ◽  
Front Shape ◽  
The Impact

This work studies the teenage pedestrian–sport utility vehicle (SUV) crash; injury to the vital parts of the body, such as the head and chest, and to the femur is evaluated. More advanced injury criteria are applied, as provided in the rules. The multibody technique is applied by making use of SimWise software and of the teenager anthropomorphic model, the use of which is now consolidated. Head injury criterion (HIC) is used for the head, thoracic trauma index (TTI) criterion for the thorax in the case of side impact and 3 ms criterion in the case of frontal impact, while the force criterion is used for the femur. Both the TTI and femur load evaluation require non-substantial modifications of the dummy, by insertion of sensors for the measurement of the acceleration of the 4th rib and the 12th vertebra and two very thin plates at the knees for the correct individuation of the contact point with the vehicle bumper. Particular attention is paid to the front shape of the vehicle, concluding that the SUV examined in this paper is less dangerous than the sedan studied in a previous work, since its frontal dimensions (bonnet angle, bumper height and bonnet height) are more advantageous. However the teenage pedestrian in a lateral position is less prone to injuries in the head and chest, with respect to the frontal position; the pedestrian’s position has little influence on femur damage. Furthermore, the braking of the vehicle reduces the possibility of crash fatality. In conclusion, a theoretical approach is shown, to highlight the influence of the vehicle mass on the pedestrian speed after the impact.

scholarly journals Deformation and Stress Analysis of the Electrostatic Separator Flat Screen in the SolidWorks Program

2020 ◽  
pp. 60-65
Author(s):  
В.В. Шмигель ◽  
А.С. Угловский ◽  
Н.Ю. Махаева
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Impact Load ◽  
The Body ◽  
Software Complex ◽  
Flat Screen ◽  
Electrostatic Separator ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Element Method

Рассмотрена проблема напряжённо-деформированного состояния решета электростатического сепаратора при ударной нагрузке с различными уровнями интенсивности импульса столкновения с применением метода конечных элементов. Проводилось изучение поперечного воздействия тела в виде точки массы или конечного тела на листовые структуры следующего типа: решето; решето, усиленное рёбрами; решето с повреждениями. Для решения обозначенной задачи использовался метод конечных элементов (FEM) в форме смещения. Этот метод был реализован в программном комплексе SolidWorks с приложением Simulation. Исследования были проведены для динамических нагрузок с материалами решёт: нержавеющая сталь и стеклотекстолит. Оценка результатов проводилась путём анализа эпюр напряжений и деформации модели. Проведённые расчёты показали, что учёт размеров ударного тела приводит к уменьшению значений деформации и эквивалентных напряжений. Для повышения эффективности системы очистки плоских решёт в электростатическом сепараторе в качестве материала решета можно применять как нержавеющую сталь, так и стеклотекстолит. The problem of stress-strain state of electrostatic separator screen at impact load with different levels of collision pulse intensity using finite element method is considered. The transverse effect of the body in the form of a point of mass or a final body on sheet structures of the following type was studied: screen, screen reinforced by ribs, screen with faults. To solve the designated problem, the finite element method (FEM) in the form of displacement was used. This method was implemented in the software complex SolidWorks with the Simulation application. Researches were conducted for dynamic loads with screen materials: stainless steel and fiber-glass plastic. Evaluation of the results was carried out by analyzing the stress and strain diagrams of the model. The conducted calculations have shown that taking into account the dimensions of the impact body leads to a decrease in deformation values and equivalent stresses. To increase the efficiency of the flat screen cleaning system in an electrostatic separator, both stainless steel and glass textile can be used as a screen material.

Nonlinear FEA Simulation of Thorax Considering Transient CPR and Lateral Forces

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omar Awad ◽  
Yahia M. Al-Smadi
Keyword(s):  
Impact Load ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Lateral Force ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biomechanical Analysis ◽  
Lateral Impact ◽  
Dimensional Finite Element ◽  
Three Dimensional Finite Element ◽  
The Impact

Boxing or martial arts are games where players chests are subject to lateral impact, the impact loads travel through skin, ribs, mediastinum (i.e. a thoracic compartment) and then through the skeleton to the rest of the body. When thorax is subject to lateral force exceeding the elastic limit of thoracic compartment, players often go in shock demanding prompt resuscitation. This paper investigates the thorax response of boxer being subject to lateral impact followed by Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Due to complexity of thorax structure and materials, three dimensional finite element model in ANSYS was created to perform the computational biomechanical analysis of two-stage loading (i.e. lateral impact load and CPR forces). Model input parameters such as material, loading and boundary conditions have been defined. Post processing values such as deformations and stresses have been presented.

The Impact of Shariah Governance and Corporate Governance on the Risk Management Practices: Evidence from Local and Foreign Islamic Banks in Malaysia

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Sabri Embi ◽  
Zurina Shafii
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
T Test ◽  
The Body ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Islamic Banks ◽  
Shariah Governance ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of Shariah governance and corporate governance (CG) on the risk management practices (RMPs) of local Islamic banks and foreign Islamic banks operating in Malaysia. The Shariah governance comprises the Shariah review (SR) and Shariah audit (SA) variables. The study also evaluates the level of RMPs, CG, SR, and SA between these two type of banks. With the aid of SPSS version 20, the items for RMPs, CG, SR, and SA were subjected to principal component analysis (PCA). From the PCA, one component or factor was extracted each for the CG, SR, and RMPs while another two factors were extracted for the SA. Primary data was collected using a self-administered survey questionnaire. The questionnaire covers four aspects ; CG, SR, SA, and RMPs. The data received from the 300 usable questionnaires were subjected to correlation and regression analyses as well as an independent t-test. The result of correlation analysis shows that all the four variables have large positive correlations with each other indicating a strong and significant relationship between them. From the regression analysis undertaken, CG, SR, and SA together explained 52.3 percent of the RMPs and CG emerged as the most influential variable that impacts the RMPs. The independent t-test carried out shows that there were significant differences in the CG and SA between the local and foreign Islamic banks. However, there were no significant differences between the two types of the bank in relation to SR and RMPs. The study has contributed to the body of knowledge and is beneficial to academicians, industry players, regulators, and other stakeholders.

Influence of DAFS-25+polizon composition on blood and functional state of liver of steers at fattening

2020 ◽  
pp. 15-18
Author(s):  
Inna R. Kilmetova ◽  
◽  
Igor A. Rodin ◽  
Nazira I. Khayrullina ◽  
Nikolay G. Fenchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional State ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Stimulation Of

Summary. The disbalanced feeding and the uneven distribution of micro- and macroelements in the environment leads to a trace element, in particular hypomelanosis. To accelerate the growth and preservation of young farm animals include in the diet of various biological additives and drugs, which include selenium. For stimulation of weight gain in the livestock industry, as well as for the prevention and treatment of pathological processes in addition to micro - and macrouse amino acids, primarily methionine. The aim of this work was to study the influence of composition of DAFS-25+Polizon on morpho-biochemical parameters of blood and functional state of the liver in fattening bulls of black-motley breed in the conditions of the Republic of Bashkortostan. Experiments using were conducted on bull-calves of black-motley breed of the properties in the properties age from 6 to 15 months. The first experimental group during the experiment was additionally given the composition of DAFS-25+Polizon at a dose of 2 mg/kg, the animals of the control group received a standard diet. To assess the impact of the composition DAFS-25+Polizon on metabolism cattle studied morphological and biochemical indicators of blood and conducted histological examination of the liver. It is established that the use of the composition of DAFS-25+Polizon at a dose of 2 mg/kg increases the number of erythrocytes and hemoglobin in the experimental group and reduces the amount of white blood cells. The serum content of total protein, phosphorus and calcium increases in the group of experimental animals. Microscopic examination of the liver revealed no changes in the structure of the organ and hepatocytes in the experimental group, whereas in the control group hemodynamic disorders and dystrophic changes in liver cells were observed. Thus, the use of the composition DAFS-25+Polizon at a dose of 2 mg/kg of live weight in fattening bulls black-and-white breed contributes to the increase of redox processes in the body, stimulation of metabolism, prevent the development of liver disorders of cellular mechanisms of metabolism, optimizes the structure of the liver, which generally provides higher productivity.

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