In VitroImmune Competence of Buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) of Different Production Potential: Effect of Heat Stress and Cortisol

Twelve healthy lactating Murrah buffaloes of similar parity (3rd) between 90 and 120 days of lactation, selected from the herd of National Dairy Research Institute (Karnal, India) and maintained at managemental practices as followed at the Institute they were included in this experiment. The animals were divided into two groups based on their production level in previous lactation. The average milk production level of group 1 and II was 9.3 and 6 lit/day, respectively. Blood was collected from these buffaloes on three occasions 10 days apart. The lymphocytes were separated and cultured in RPMI 1640 medium with PHA-P for 24 h at 37°C in a humidified CO2incubator (95% air and 5% CO2). The lymphocyte responsiveness was also evaluated in response to thein vivoheat stress andin vitrocortisol. Mitogen-induced stimulation index was not affected by production level (). Stimulation index was significantly reduced () in both the groups when cortisol was added at 2.0 ng level in the culture. However, in heat-stressed buffaloes stimulation index did not vary despite increasing levels of cortisol, thus indicating that lymphocyte may become cortisol resistant during periods of acute heat stress. The results showed that lymphocyte proliferation response can be effectively used to study buffalo cell-mediated immunityin vitro.

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Suppression of cellular immune response of chickens following in vivo and in vitro heat stress

Egyptian Journal of Animal Production ◽

10.21608/ejap.1996.115945 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 33 (1) ◽

pp. 71-77

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Heat Stress ◽

Cellular Immune Response ◽

Cellular Immune

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The Effects of Conjugated Linoleic Acids on Cancer

Processes ◽

10.3390/pr9030454 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 454 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Marko Dachev ◽

Jana Bryndová ◽

Milan Jakubek ◽

Zdeněk Moučka ◽

Marian Urban

Keyword(s):

Potential Effect ◽

Conjugated Linoleic Acids ◽

Carcinogenic Activity ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

True Value ◽

Ruminant Animals ◽

Anti Oxidant ◽

Cancer Agent

Conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) are distinctive polyunsaturated fatty acids. They are present in food produced by ruminant animals and they are accumulated in seeds of certain plants. These naturally occurring substances have demonstrated to have anti-carcinogenic activity. Their potential effect to inhibit cancer has been shown in vivo and in vitro studies. In this review, we present the multiple effects of CLA isomers on cancer development such as anti-tumor efficiency, anti-mutagenic and anti-oxidant activity. Although the majority of the studies in vivo and in vitro summarized in this review have demonstrated beneficial effects of CLA on the proliferation and apoptosis of tumor cells, further experimental work is needed to estimate the true value of CLA as a real anti-cancer agent.

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Effects of Bacterial CLPB Protein Fragments on Food Intake and PYY Secretion

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13072223 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (7) ◽

pp. 2223

Author(s):

Manon Dominique ◽

Nicolas Lucas ◽

Romain Legrand ◽

Illona-Marie Bouleté ◽

Christine Bôle-Feysot ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Food Intake ◽

Peptide Yy ◽

Molecular Mimicry ◽

Potential Effect ◽

In Vivo Studies ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

E Coli ◽

In Vivo Effects

CLPB (Caseinolytic peptidase B) protein is a conformational mimetic of α-MSH, an anorectic hormone. Previous in vivo studies have already shown the potential effect of CLPB protein on food intake and on the production of peptide YY (PYY) by injection of E. coli wild type (WT) or E. coli ΔClpB. However, until now, no study has shown its direct effect on food intake. Furthermore, this protein can fragment naturally. Therefore, the aim of this study was (i) to evaluate the in vitro effects of CLPB fragments on PYY production; and (ii) to test the in vivo effects of a CLPB fragment sharing molecular mimicry with α-MSH (CLPB25) compared to natural fragments of the CLPB protein (CLPB96). To do that, a primary culture of intestinal mucosal cells from male Sprague–Dawley rats was incubated with proteins extracted from E. coli WT and ΔCLPB after fragmentation with trypsin or after a heat treatment of the CLPB protein. PYY secretion was measured by ELISA. CLPB fragments were analyzed by Western Blot using anti-α-MSH antibodies. In vivo effects of the CLPB protein on food intake were evaluated by intraperitoneal injections in male C57Bl/6 and ob/ob mice using the BioDAQ® system. The natural CLPB96 fragmentation increased PYY production in vitro and significantly decreased cumulative food intake from 2 h in C57Bl/6 and ob/ob mice on the contrary to CLPB25. Therefore, the anorexigenic effect of CLPB is likely the consequence of enhanced PYY secretion.

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Heat stress and antioxidant enzyme activity in bubaline (Bubalus bubalis) oocytes during in vitro maturation

International Journal of Biometeorology ◽

10.1007/s00484-015-1129-0 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 60 (9) ◽

pp. 1357-1366 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Syma Ashraf Waiz ◽

Mohammad Raies-ul-Haq ◽

Suman Dhanda ◽

Anil Kumar ◽

T. Sridhar Goud ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Enzyme Activity ◽

Heat Stress ◽

Antioxidant Enzyme ◽

In Vitro Maturation ◽

Bubalus Bubalis ◽

Antioxidant Enzyme Activity

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A 70-Kilodalton Recombinant Heat Shock Protein ofCandida albicans Is Highly Immunogenic and Enhances Systemic Murine Candidiasis

Infection and Immunity ◽

10.1128/iai.66.5.2154-2162.1998 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 66 (5) ◽

pp. 2154-2162 ◽

Cited By ~ 52

Author(s):

Carla Bromuro ◽

Roberto La Valle ◽

Silvia Sandini ◽

Francesca Urbani ◽

Clara M. Ausiello ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heat Shock ◽

Heat Shock Protein ◽

Mononuclear Cells ◽

Cell Mediated Immunity ◽

Healthy Human ◽

Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽

Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽

Ifn Γ

ABSTRACT The 70-kDa recombinant Candida albicans heat shock protein (CaHsp70) and its 21-kDa C-terminal and 28-kDa N-terminal fragments (CaHsp70-Cter and CaHsp70-Nter, respectively) were studied for their immunogenicity, including proinflammatory cytokine induction in vitro and in vivo, and protection in a murine model of hematogenous candidiasis. The whole protein and its two fragments were strong inducers of both antibody (Ab; immunoglobulin G1 [IgG1] and IgG2b were the prevalent isotypes) and cell-mediated immunity (CMI) responses in mice. CaHsp70 preparations were also recognized as CMI targets by peripheral blood mononuclear cells of healthy human subjects. Inoculation of CaHsp70 preparations into immunized mice induced rapid production of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha, peaking at 2 to 5 h and declining within 24 h. CaHsp70 and CaHsp70-Cter also induced gamma interferon (IFN-γ), IL-12, and IL-10 but not IL-4 production by CD4+ lymphocytes cocultured with splenic accessory cells from nonimmunized mice. In particular, the production of IFN-γ was equal if not superior to that induced in the same cells by whole, heat-inactivated fungal cells or the mitogenic lectin concanavalin A. In immunized mice, however, IL-4 but not IL-12 was produced in addition to IFN-γ upon in vitro stimulation of CD4+ cells with CaHsp70 and CaHsp70-Cter. These animals showed a decreased median survival time compared to nonimmunized mice, and their mortality was strictly associated with organ invasion by fungal hyphae. Their enhanced susceptibility was attributable to the immunization state, as it did not occur in congenitally athymic nude mice, which were unable to raise either Ab or CMI responses to CaHsp70 preparations. Together, our data demonstrate the elevated immunogenicity of CaHsp70, with which, however, no protection against but rather some enhancement of Candida infection seemed to occur in the mouse model used.

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Immunity to pathogenic free-living amoebae: role of cell-mediated immunity

Infection and Immunity ◽

10.1128/iai.29.2.408-410.1980 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 29 (2) ◽

pp. 408-410

Author(s):

R T Cursons ◽

T J Brown ◽

E A Keys ◽

K M Moriarty ◽

D Till

Keyword(s):

Immune System ◽

Inhibition Test ◽

Delayed Hypersensitivity ◽

Cell Mediated Immunity ◽

Pathogenic Species ◽

Free Living

The role of cell-mediated immunity in defense against pathogenic free-living amoebae was examined. Both the in vitro macrophage inhibition test and the in vivo delayed hypersensitivity test showed responses to both heterologous and homologous antigens, although homologous systems were the most efficient. It is suggested that exposure to nonpathogenic species of free-living amoebae can stimulate the immune system to be effective against pathogenic species. The significance of cell-mediated immunity as a defense against invasion by pathogenic free-living amoebae is discussed.

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In Vitro and In Vivo Anti-Inflammatory Activity of the Rhizomes of Globba pendula Roxb

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x211055907 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (10) ◽

pp. 1934578X2110559

Author(s):

Le Minh Ha ◽

Ngo Thi Phuong ◽

Nguyen Thi Thu Hien ◽

Pham Thi Tam ◽

Do Thi Thao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Potential Effect ◽

Inflammatory Activity ◽

No Production ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Inflammatory Effect

In this study, we aimed at evaluating in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory activity of various extracts of the rhizomes of Globba pendula Roxb. Three extracts ( n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and water) were screened for their inhibitory effect on NO production by lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. The ethyl acetate extract of G. pendula rhizomes (EGP) showed a potential effect with an IC50 value of 32.45 µg/mL. For in vivo study, the ethyl acetate extract was further investigated for its anti-inflammatory effect using collagen antibody-induced arthritic mice (CAIA). The level of arthritis in experimental mice significantly reduced ( P < .05) after treatment with EGP at a dose of 500 mg/kg body weight (b.w.). This study also revealed that EGP is orally non-toxic. Ethyl p-methoxy cinamate was identified as the main constituent of EGP, which may result in its anti-inflammatory effect.

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Development of suppressor T lymphocytes for Epstein-Barr virus-induced B-lymphocyte outgrowth during acute infectious mononucleosis: assessment by two quantitative systems

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v57.3.510.510 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 57 (3) ◽

pp. 510-517 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

RT Schooley ◽

BF Haynes ◽

J Grouse ◽

C Payling-Wright ◽

AS Fauci ◽

...

Keyword(s):

T Lymphocytes ◽

B Lymphocytes ◽

Epstein Barr Virus ◽

B Lymphocyte ◽

Acute Stage ◽

Cell Mediated Immunity ◽

Barr Virus ◽

Epstein Barr

Abstract A system of 3H-thymidine incorporation by lymphocytes in culture for 3 wk has been utilized for quantitative assessment of the ability of T lymphocytes to inhibit outgrowth of autologous Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) transformed B lymphocytes. Lymphocytes from EBV-seronegative individuals lack the ability to suppress outgrowth of autologous EBV- transformed B lymphocytes. This capability appears during the course of primary EBV-induced infectious mononucleases (IM) as the atypical lymphocytosis is subsiding and persists for years after recovery from primary EBV infection. The ability of T lymphocytes from EBV- seropositive subjects or convalescent IM patients to inhibit B- lymphocyte outgrowth is not HLA restricted. Thus, T lymphocytes capable of inhibition of in vitro EBV-induced B-cell outgrowth emerge during the acute stage of IM and may represent an important control mechanism of EBV-induced B-lymphocyte proliferation in vivo. The system provides a highly sensitive quantitative means for in vitro assessment of cell- mediated immunity to EBV.

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