scholarly journals Anisakid nematodes as possible markers to trace fish products

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincenzo Ferrantelli ◽  
Antonella Costa ◽  
Stefania Graci ◽  
Maria Drusilla Buscemi ◽  
Giuseppe Giangrosso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Biology ◽  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Gadus Morhua ◽  
Hybrid Form ◽  
Fish Products ◽  
Anisakis Pegreffii ◽  
Nematode Larvae ◽  
Fish Samples ◽  
Anisakid Nematodes ◽  
Anisakid Larvae

In this work a total of 949 fish samples were analysed for the identification of nematode larvae belonging to the Anisakidae family. Biomolecular application for the identification of Anisakidae larvae can be an optimal instrument for the traceability of fish products, described on the Reg. EC 178/2002. Results confirm a correlation between geographical distribution of fishes and presence of specific Anisakid larvae. FAO 37 zone (Mediterranean sea) showed a prevailing distribution of <em>Anisakis pegreffii</em> and a minimal presence of A. simplex s.s. in hybrid form with <em>Anisakis pegreffii</em>. FAO 27 zone showed a prevailing distribution of <em>A. simplex s.s</em>. in fish like Brosme (<em>Brosme brosme</em>) and infestation prevalence of Pseudoterranova krabbei and <em>P. decipiens s.s</em>. in <em>Gadus morhua</em>. Obtained results validate the hypothesis that molecular biology methods for identifying Anisakidae larvae are effective traceability markers of fish products.

Anisakid larvae in the liver of cod (Gadus morhua) L. from the southern Baltic Sea

2013 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Nadolna ◽  
M. Podolska
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Gadus Morhua ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Southern Baltic Sea ◽  
The Past ◽  
Spatial Parameters ◽  
Southern Baltic ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Anisakid Nematodes ◽  
Anisakid Larvae

AbstractIn the present investigation a sample of 490 cod (Gadus morhua) was examined from three regions in the southern Baltic Sea (the Polish Exclusive Economic Zone, EEZ). Three species of anisakid nematodes with zoonotic potential, namely species of Contracaecum, Anisakis and Pseudoterranova, were found in the liver of cod, with Contracaecum being the most dominant species. The prevalence of infection was highest in the Western Baltic (22.5%) compared to the Central Baltic (10.4%) and the Gulf of Gdansk (3.4%). Generalized linear models (GLMs) were applied to analyse the prevalence of infection with Anisakis sp. and Contracaecum sp. relative to biological and spatial parameters. The effect of the sampling region, age and body length of the fish were significant in both GLMs. The effect of region was higher in the Western Baltic than in other regions. The prevalence of infection was correlated with the length of the fish and was higher in adult compared with sub-adult fish. These results suggest that the prevalence of infection with anisakid nematodes (especially Contracaecum sp.) in cod sampled in Polish waters of the Baltic Sea has significantly increased compared with previous studies undertaken over the past few decades.

scholarly journals First Record ofAnisakis simplexThird-Stage Larvae (Nematoda, Anisakidae) in European HakeMerluccius merluccius lessepsianusin Egyptian Water

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasmin Abou-Rahma ◽  
Rewaida Abdel-Gaber ◽  
Amira Kamal Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Red Sea ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
First Record ◽  
Type I ◽  
Merluccius Merluccius ◽  
Molecular Analyses ◽  
Fish Samples ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
European Hake ◽  
Anisakid Larvae

The prevalence of infection and the identification of anisakid larvae in European hakeMerluccius merluccius lessepsianusfrom Hurghada City, Red Sea Governorate, Egypt, were investigated. Fish samples were collected during the period of February and November 2014. Twenty-two (36.66%) out of sixty examined fish specimens were found to be naturally infected withAnisakistype I larvae mostly found as encapsulated larvae in visceral organs. There was a positive relationship between host length/weight and prevalence of infection. Based on morphological, morphometric, and molecular analyses, these nematodes were identified as third-stage larvae ofAnisakis simplex. The present study was considered as the first report of anisakid larvae from European hake in the Egyptian water.

scholarly journals Mavi Sürgün by Halikarnas Balıkçısı as a Testament to the Reporter’s Discovery of the Mediterranean Sea for Turkish Literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-242
Author(s):  
Sylwia Filipowska
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Hybrid Form ◽  
Turkish Literature ◽  
Late Discovery ◽  
The Mediterranean

Mavi Sürgün [Blue Exile] by Halikarnas Balıkçısı is a memoir published in 1961, describing the events of 1920–1947. Its hybrid form contains elements of autobiography and reportage, and the leitmotif is an attempt to introduce the Mediterranean Sea into Turkish literature, and introduce Turkish litera­ture itself into the circle of Mediterranean civilization. The article explains the phenomenon of such a late “discovery” of the Mediterranean Sea for Turkish literature and presents Halikarnas Balıkçısı, the Fisherman of Halicarnassus (his real name is Cevat Şakir Kabaağaçlı), as a person engaged in the literary, touristic, and cultural promotion of the Mediterranean Sea among Turks.

Determination of Fish Core Content in Coated Products: Interlaboratory WEFTA Studies of Three Procedures

1986 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-79
Author(s):  
Johannes Bon ◽  
Kerst K Brünner ◽  
Angus Aitken
Keyword(s):  
Gadus Morhua ◽  
Fish Products ◽  
Pleuronectes Platessa ◽  
Core Content ◽  
Aoac Method ◽  
Better Than ◽  
West European

Abstract Four collaborative trials are described in which 3 different methods for the estimation of fish content of coated products were compared to determine their suitability. The methods are a modified version of AOAC method 18.003, an alternative “scraping” method, and a “soaking” method. Seven West European laboratories participated in this collaborative exercise, which was performed on 4 types of coated fish products: raw coated portions of cod (Gadus morhua), partly cooked cod sticks, raw fillets of plaice (Pleuronectes platessa), and partly cooked plaice fillets. The results indicate that precooking strongly affected fish recovery by all 3 methods. Regular portions (of cod) gave higher recoveries than irregular shaped fillets (of plaice). The results do not lead to the conclusion that any method was better than the others.

scholarly journals Mycotoxin Incidence in Some Fish Products: QuEChERS Methodology and Liquid Chromatography Linear Ion Trap Tandem Mass Spectrometry Approach

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josefa Tolosa ◽  
Francisco Barba ◽  
Guillermina Font ◽  
Emilia Ferrer
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Tandem Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Ion Trap ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Linear Ion Trap ◽  
Tandem Mass ◽  
Fish Products ◽  
Fish Samples

The inclusion of vegetal raw materials in feed for fish farming has increased the risk of mycotoxin occurrence in feed, as well as in edible tissues from fish fed with contaminated feed, due to the carry-over to muscle portions. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of 15 mycotoxins in processed fish products, which are commonly consumed, such as smoked salmon and trout, different types of sushi, and gula substitutes. A QuEChERS method was employed to perform the mycotoxin extraction from fish samples. For mycotoxin identification and quantitation, the selected technique was the liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry linear ion trap (LC-MS/MS-LIT). Smoked fish and sushi samples results were negative regarding the presence of all 15 mycotoxins studied. In contrast, small amounts of fusarenon-X and enniatin B were found in gula substitute samples.

Histology as a Valid and Reliable Tool To Differentiate Fresh from Frozen-Thawed Fish

2012 ◽  
Vol 75 (8) ◽  
pp. 1536-1541 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. BOZZETTA ◽  
M. PEZZOLATO ◽  
E. CENCETTI ◽  
K. VARELLO ◽  
F. ABRAMO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fish Species ◽  
Interrater Agreement ◽  
Cohen’S Kappa ◽  
Method Performance ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Fish Products ◽  
Cohen's Kappa ◽  
Accuracy And Precision ◽  
Fish Samples ◽  
Method Accuracy

Selling fish products as fresh when they have actually been frozen and thawed is a common fraudulent practice in seafood retailing. Unlike fish products frozen to protect them against degenerative changes during transportation and to extend the product's storage life, fish intended for raw consumption in European countries must be previously frozen at −20°C for at least 24 h to kill parasites. The aim of this study was to use histological analysis to distinguish between fresh and frozen-thawed fish and to evaluate this method for use as a routine screening technique in compliance with the requirements of European Commission Regulation No. 882/2004 on official food and feed controls. Method performance (i.e., accuracy and precision) was evaluated on tissue samples from three common Mediterranean fish species; the evaluation was subsequently extended to include samples from 35 fish species in a second experiment to test for method robustness. Method accuracy was tested by comparing histological results against a “gold standard” obtained from the analysis of frozen and unfrozen fish samples prepared for the study. Method precision was evaluated according to interrater agreement (i.e., three laboratories with expertise in histopathology in the first experiment and three expert analysts in the second experiment) by estimating Cohen's kappa (and corresponding 95% confidence intervals) for each pair of laboratories and experts and the combined Cohen's kappa for all three experts and laboratories. The observed interrater agreement among the three laboratories and the three experts indicated high levels of method accuracy and precision (high sensitivity and specificity) and method reproducibility. Our results suggest that histology is a rapid, simple, and highly accurate method for distinguishing between fresh and frozen-thawed fish, regardless of the fish species analyzed.

Concentrations and Profiles of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Some Popular Fish Species in Nigeria

2015 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 554-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHUKWUJINDU M. A. IWEGBUE ◽  
GODSWILL O. TESI ◽  
LORETTA C. OVERAH ◽  
FRANCISCA I. BASSEY ◽  
FRANK O. NWADUKWE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Gadus Morhua ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Trachurus Trachurus ◽  
Gymnarchus Niloticus ◽  
Fish Samples ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

The concentrations and profiles of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in 10 popular fish species in the Nigerian market were determined with a view to providing information on the health hazards associated with the consumption of these fish species. The concentrations of PAHs were measured by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry after extraction by ultrasonication with acetone-dichloromethane and clean up. The concentration ranges of the Σ16 PAHs were 20 to 39.6 μg kg−1 for Parachanna obscura (African snake head), 6.8 to 532.3 μg kg−1 for Oreochromis niloticus (tilapia), 7.4 to 91.1 μg kg−1 for Gymnarchus niloticus (Asa), 13.1 to 34.1 μg kg−1 for Sebastes fasciatus (red fish), 11.2 to 80.0 μg kg−1 for Gadus morhua (cod), 23.9 to 34.6 μg kg−1 for Chrysicthys nigrodigitatus (silver cat fish), 63.4 to 131.4 μg kg−1 for Sardinella aurita (sardine), 22 to 52.9 μg kg−1 for Trachurus trachurus (Atlantic horse mackerel), 21.0 to 63.7 μg kg−1 for Scomber scombrus (mackerel), and 27.7 to 44.5 μg kg−1 for Pseudotolithus senegalensis (croaker). Benzo[a]pyrene occurred in 23% of these fish samples at concentrations above the European Union permissible limit of 2.0 μg kg−1. The calculated margins of exposure based on the indicators for occurrence and effects of PAHs were greater than 10,000 indicating no potential risk for the consumers of the species evaluated in this study.

Validation of a commercial kit aimed to the detection of pathogenic anisakid nematodes in fish products

2017 ◽  
Vol 257 ◽  
pp. 75-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serena Cavallero ◽  
Alessandro Bruno ◽  
Enrico Arletti ◽  
Monica Caffara ◽  
Maria Letizia Fioravanti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fish Products ◽  
Anisakid Nematodes ◽  
Commercial Kit

Anisakid Parasites in Commercial Hake Ceviche in Southern Chile

2014 ◽  
Vol 77 (7) ◽  
pp. 1237-1240 ◽  
Author(s):  
PABLO TORRES-FRENZEL ◽  
PATRICIO TORRES
Keyword(s):  
Mammalian Host ◽  
Southern Chile ◽  
Anisakid Nematode ◽  
Acid Ph ◽  
Nematode Larvae ◽  
Raw Fish ◽  
Petri Dishes ◽  
First Time ◽  
Anisakid Larvae

The objective of this research was to determine the occurrence of anisakid nematode larvae in hake ceviche sold in restaurants in Valdivia (39°48′S, 73°14′W) and Niebla (39°49′S, 73°22′W), Chile. Between August and November 2012, 78 portions of ceviche were collected (6 from each of the 13 restaurants that sell this product). Each portion was weighed and divided into approximately 30-g samples, which were placed in petri dishes with 0.15 M NaCl. All samples were manually shredded and then examined with a stereomicroscope. Muscles of 41 southern hake (Merluccius australis), a fish sold fresh in Valdivia, also were examined by candling to determine the presence of anisakid larvae. The presence of Pseudoterranova larvae in ceviche sold in Chile was identified for the first time. The pH of ceviche ranges from 4.1 to 4.8, which favors the presence of viable anisakid larvae that tolerate the acid pH similar to that found in the stomach of their mammalian host. No significant differences (P &gt; 0.05) in the prevalence, mean abundance, and mean density of anisakid larvae in ceviche were found between localities. Larvae were detected in ceviche from 3 of 6 restaurants in Valdivia and 4 of 7 restaurants in Niebla. Of the 78 examined portions of ceviche, 21.8% had larvae. The prevalence of viable larvae was 16.7 and 7.1% in the examined portions from Valdivia and Niebla, respectively. In the 41 hake muscle samples from Valdivia, the prevalence (4.9%), mean abundance (0.1), and mean density (0.03) was the same for Pseudoterranova and Anisakis larvae. No inspection processes or pretreatments are currently in place for raw fish to achieve safe conditions for ceviche in restaurants from Valdivia and Niebla.

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