scholarly journals HOMO FABER: COME I METALLI HANNO SEGNATO E SEGNANO ANCHE OGGI LA CIVILTÀ DELL’UOMO

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rinaldo Psaro
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Art And Technology ◽  
Guggenheim Museum ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Homo Faber ◽  
Frank Gehry

The succession of various ages, from those of copper to that of bronze, then iron and so on, is dictated by the chemical properties of the various metals and, ultimately, by the periodic table of the elements. The capacity expressed by the homo faber to extract and work the different metals, have marked technological developments so radical as to be chosen by historians to designate real civilizations. Gold was the first metal used by man, although it could not be used either as a tool or as a weapon. More than any other ancient element, gold has always been associated with a timeless charm. None of the chemical elements discovered by modern science has been able to overcome its supremacy. Since the time of its discovery, gold has been used for ornamental purposes and only with technological development has it been used also for technical and scientific purposes. For titanium, however, the reverse path was verified, from its essentially technological use it then moved on to the artistic one. Starting in the 1960s, when titanium became available even for non-military uses, its applications have done nothing but grow and diversify. His artistic fame is unquestionably linked to the Guggenheim Museum in Bilbao designed by the architect Frank Gehry in 1997, while in Pedeferri’s titanochromies we have the combination of art and technology.

scholarly journals Takis Zenetos’s Electronic Urbanism and Tele-Activities: Minimizing Transportation as Social Aspiration

Urban Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Marianna Charitonidou
Keyword(s):  
Information Society ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Home Office ◽  
The Social ◽  
Residential Units ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Takis Zenetos was enthusiastic about the idea of working from home, and believed that both architecture and urban planning should be reshaped in order to respond to this. He supported the design of special public spaces in residential units, aiming to accommodate the inhabitants during working hours. This article argues that Zenetos’s design for “Electronic Urbanism” was more prophetic, and more pragmatic, than his peers such as Archigram and Constant Nieuwenhuys. Despite the fact that they shared an optimism towards technological developments and megastructure, a main difference between Zenetos’s view and the perspectives of his peers is his rejection of a generalised enthusiasm concerning increasing mobility of people. In opposition with Archigram, Zenetos insisted in minimizing citizens’ mobility and supported the replacement of daily transport with the use advanced information technologies, using terms such as “tele-activity”. Zenetos was convinced that “Electronic Urbanism” would help citizens save the time that they normally used to commute to work, and would allow them to spend this time on more creative activities, at or near their homes. The main interest of “Electronic Urbanism” lies in the fact that it not only constitutes an artistic contribution to experimental architecture, but is also characterized by a new social vision, promising to resynchronize practices of daily life. An aspect that is also examined is the relationship of Zenetos’s ideas and those of the so-called Metabolists in the 1960s in Japan, including Kenzo Tange’s conception of megastructures. Zenetos’s thought is very topical considering the ongoing debates about the advanced information society, especially regarding the social concerns of surveillance, governance, and sovereignty within the context of Big Data. His conception of “tele-activities” provides a fertile terrain for reflecting on potential implications and insights concerning home-office conditions not only within the context of the current pandemic situation but beyond it as well.

scholarly journals Role of the periodic table in discovery of new elements

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.C. Hoffman
Keyword(s):  
Periodic Table ◽  
Predictive Power ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Current Form ◽  
Future Role ◽  
History Of ◽  
Chemical Techniques

AbstractThis year (2009) marks the 140th Anniversary of Mendeleev's original 1869 periodic table of the elements based on atomic weights. It also marks the 175th anniversary of his birth in Tolbosk, Siberia. The history of the development of periodic tables of the chemical elements is briefly reviewed beginning with the presentation by Dmitri Mendeleev and his associate Nikolai Menshutkin of their original 1869 table based on atomic weights. The value, as well as the sometimes negative effects, of periodic tables in guiding the discovery of new elements based on their predicted chemical properties is assessed. It is noteworthy that the element with Z=101 (mendelevium) was identified in 1955 using chemical techniques. The discoverers proposed the name mendelevium to honor the predictive power of the Mendeleev Periodic Table. Mendelevium still remains the heaviest element to have been identified first by chemical rather than nuclear or physical techniques. The question concerning whether there will be a future role for the current form of the periodic table in predicting chemical properties and aid in the identification of elements beyond those currently known is considered.

Maximizing the value for money of road projects through digitalization

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 69-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Oliveira Cruz ◽  
Joaquim Miranda Sarmento
Keyword(s):  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Central Element ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Systems ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
Road Projects ◽  
Barriers To Implementation ◽  
Using Data

Roads are a central element of transportation systems, enabling economic and social development, fostering territorial cohesion and facilitating the movement of people and cargo. Governments have devoted significant financial resources to developing and improving their road networks, and are still facing increasing pressure to ensure proper maintenance and payments to those concessionaires that developed roads under public–private partnership arrangements. As in other sectors, digitalization is paving a way towards significant changes in the way we build, operate and finance infrastructure. These changes will have a profound impact on the entire life cycle of an infrastructure, from the design and/or construction stage, to its operation and transfer. This article provides an overall overview of the main technological developments which are, or could impact road infrastructure in the short, medium and long term. For each technological development identified in our research, we analyse the potential impact on Capex, Opex and revenues as well as their level of maturity and expected lifetime for mass adoption, and also the main bottlenecks or barriers to implementation. Additionally, we explore potential savings on investment (capex) and operational costs (opex) and increase in revenues, using data from the Portuguese highway companies. Savings can represent almost 30% of capex and opex. Overall, savings and increases in revenues can represent an impact similar to 20–40% of current revenues. The findings show that digitalization and technological development in the road sector can significantly impact the economic performance of roads, thus enhancing the value of money for the society. The findings also show that there might be some excess capacity of road systems once autonomous vehicles achieve higher market penetration. However, there are still some relevant legal, regulatory, institutional and technological and economic barriers that are slowing down the digitalization process.

scholarly journals Challenges of Pancasila Ideology in the Era of Industrial Revolution 4.0: Case Study of Generation Z and Millennials

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sovi Dwi Febrian Silva ◽  
Moses Glorino
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Capital Management ◽  
Human Capital Management ◽  
Generation Z ◽  
The People ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
The Government

Introduction: The imbalance between technological development and ideological strengthening has resulted in the fading of the Pancasila ideological values of millennials. Technology that accompanies everyday life seems to be the main character in human life. Yet if humans themselves do not use technology wisely, technology can be a threat to both individuals and the life of the nation and state. If technology is increasingly out of control, threats to the Pancasila ideology are very likely to occur, such as in the G 30S PKI incident. Therefore, it is necessary to take action both from the government and the community as individuals to safeguard the development of technology to be used wisely. That way, we can prevent the threat to the Pancasila ideology together. Writing this article aims to analyze how the role and influence of the Pancasila ideology on the millennial generation in the 4.0 industrial revolution and to find solutions so that the values of Pancasila remain attached to the next generation of the Indonesian nation. Method: Writing This article uses a qualitative method by using literature reviews from the results of related research journals that have been published online through websites and other online media. Results: Thirteen journals and one book have met the criteria for the inclusion of a predetermined review. Research is based on the stigma of society regarding technological developments in the Industrial revolution 4.0. Therefore, the government is expected to be more severe in implementing human capital management. Conclusion: By procuring human capital management, it will be possible that Human Resources (HR) in Indonesia will be able to carry out the ideals of a golden Indonesian generation with Pancasila values inherent in the hearts of the people and the nation's future generations.

scholarly journals Catecholamines: Knowledge and understanding in the 1960s, now, and in the future

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 239821281881068 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Clare Stanford ◽  
David J. Heal
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
Dopaminergic Transmission ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Rational Development ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
Neuronal Transmission ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
New Treatments ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Distribution Of Noradrenaline

The late 1960s was a heyday for catecholamine research. Technological developments made it feasible to study the regulation of sympathetic neuronal transmission and to map the distribution of noradrenaline and dopamine in the brain. At last, it was possible to explain the mechanism of action of some important drugs that had been used in the clinic for more than a decade (e.g. the first generation of antidepressants) and to contemplate the rational development of new treatments (e.g. l-dihydroxyphenylalanine therapy, to compensate for the dopaminergic neuropathy in Parkinson’s disease, and β1-adrenoceptor antagonists as antihypertensives). The fact that drug targeting noradrenergic and/or dopaminergic transmission are still the first-line treatments for many psychiatric disorders (e.g. depression, schizophrenia, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder) is a testament to the importance of these neurotransmitters and the research that has helped us to understand the regulation of their function. This article celebrates some of the highlights of research at that time, pays tribute to some of the subsequent landmark studies, and appraises the options for where it could go next.

Robert Morris (1931–2018)

October ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 168 ◽  
pp. 166-176
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Weiss
Keyword(s):  
Working Relationship ◽  
Intensive Study ◽  
Robert Morris ◽  
Guggenheim Museum ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Two Bodies

This text, a series of reflections on the life and work of Robert Morris, draws from Jeffrey Weiss's long working relationship with the artist, which includes their collaboration on an intensive study project at the Guggenheim Museum. He gives chief consideration to two bodies of work: the Minimalist objects, conceived during the 1960s and refabricated throughout his life; and the Blind Time drawings, produced between 1973 and 2015. Weiss's account is based on a close consideration of material and technical concerns, which motivate speculations about the medium of time. Temporality is expressed in three ways: through strategic replication, which characterized the on-going production of “early” works; through the process of making, which is foregrounded in the drawings; and through the role of memory, a recurring thematic device in the practice overall.

Racial Recalibration

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-309
Author(s):  
Margaret Rhee
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Identity ◽  
New Media ◽  
Asian American ◽  
Racial Formation ◽  
Emergent Technologies ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
Racial Knowledge ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Artistic Career

Widely recognized as the first video artist, Nam June Paik’s artistic career from the 1960s onwards is often understood through his pioneering appropriation of technological developments such as the television and video. Paik foresaw not only the aesthetic potential of video, but also other emerging technologies, such as robotics. While his work in robotic art is less commonly analyzed, it sheds significant light on his position not only as a foremost artist of new media but also on discussions concerning his ethnic identity. This essay demonstrates how, in the 1964 creation of robot K-456 and tv Bra for Living Sculpture, the artist deployed the strategy of racial recalibration—a racial formation that occurs through aesthetic tinkering, hacking, and recreating with emergent technologies that re-wires racial knowledge of the Asian American as robot.

Techniques for Closing the Water Circuits in the Pulp and Paper Industry

1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 11-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Howard Edde
Keyword(s):  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Paper Industry ◽  
Pulp And Paper Industry ◽  
Pulp And Paper ◽  
Environmental Legislation ◽  
Assimilative Capacity ◽  
Knowledge Requirements ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Organic Halogens

The focus of this paper is on the earlier, recent and future developments in closing the water circuits in pulp and paper production. During the 1960s the U.S. pulp and paper industry was in its environmental infancy concentrating mainly on removal of settleable solids and initiating river assimilative capacity studies. The 1970s began with environmental legislation having enforceable powers to achieve primary and secondary (biological) treatment which was fundamentally fulfilled during the 1980s. The late 1980s and early 1990s opened with toxicity becoming the major environmental issue as measured mainly by absorbable organic halogens (AOX) and dioxins. This paper identifies progress and key technological developments towards furthering stringent environmental enhancement and provides additional knowledge requirements leading into the next century.

Review of fundamentals and applications of polyester nanocomposites filled with carbonaceous nanofillers

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayesha Kausar
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Scientific Development ◽  
Polyester Resins ◽  
Aliphatic Polyesters ◽  
Environmental Features ◽  
Aromatic Polyester ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Polyester is a versatile commercially significant polymer (thermoplastic/thermoset) well-known for its biodegradability and excellent thermal, mechanical, and chemical properties. Synthetic aromatic polyester resins usually have better moisture resistance, nonflammability, liquid crystal, strength, thermal, and environmental features compared with natural/aliphatic polyesters. Nanofillers can reinforce these important polymers to further enhance the final nanocomposite structural and physical characteristics. This review presents research devoted to polyester nanocomposites with essential nanofillers such as; nanodiamond, fullerene, carbon nanotube, graphene, and graphene oxide. High-performance polyester/nanocomposites have been developed based on modified polyester design, nanofiller functionality, and optimized interaction between matrix and nanofiller. This article also presents state-of-the-art technological development in the field of polyester/nanocomposites predominantly in supercapacitors, fuel cells, shape memory materials, electromagnetic shielding materials, textiles, and biomedical appliances. Furthermore, future scenarios in scientific development of these nanocomposites are discussed.

scholarly journals Recent Developments and Future Challenges in Designing Rechargeable Potassium-Sulfur and Potassium-Selenium Batteries

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 2791
Author(s):  
Suyeong Lee ◽  
Jun Lee ◽  
Jaekook Kim ◽  
Marco Agostini ◽  
Shizhao Xiong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cathode Materials ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Research Trends ◽  
Fundamental Science ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
Practical Development ◽  
Substantial Interest ◽  
Potential Use

The use of chalcogenide elements, such as sulfur (S) and selenium (Se), as cathode materials in rechargeable lithium (Li) and sodium (Na) batteries has been extensively investigated. Similar to Li and Na systems, rechargeable potassium–sulfur (K–S) and potassium–selenium (K–Se) batteries have recently attracted substantial interest because of the abundance of K and low associated costs. However, K–S and K–Se battery technologies are in their infancy because K possesses overactive chemical properties compared to Li and Na and the electrochemical mechanisms of such batteries are not fully understood. This paper summarizes current research trends and challenges with regard to K–S and K–Se batteries and reviews the associated fundamental science, key technological developments, and scientific challenges to evaluate the potential use of these batteries and finally determine effective pathways for their practical development.

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