scholarly journals Phosphorus dynamics in a subtropical coastal lake in Southern Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurea L. Lemes da Silva ◽  
Mariana C. Hennemann ◽  
Mauricio M. Petrucio
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Benthic Fauna ◽  
Size Composition ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Functional Feeding Groups ◽  
Coastal Lake ◽  
Chl A ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
P Concentration ◽  
Total P

Temporal and spatial variations of organic and inorganic forms of phosphorus in the sediments of a subtropical oligo-mesotrophic shallow lake were investigated in relation to water column parameters, sediment characteristics and benthic fauna. The main results found were: 1) Phosphorus (P)  concentration varied seasonally, with organic P and total P  increasing in the sediments in warmer periods; 2) Sediment spatial variation, in terms of grain size composition and organic matter content, influenced P concentrations; 3) quantities and qualities of P in the sediments were positively correlated with water parameters, especially DO and NO3, Chl-a,  water temperature, pH, and total P. Negative correlations were observed between %OP and DO in sites 1, 3 and 4, and with NO3 in sites 2, 3 and 4; 4) benthic functional feeding groups showed significant relationships with temporal variation in sediment P concentration, including gathering-collectors, shredders, filterers and filtering-collectors. The results suggest a high importance of temperature mediated control of sediment-P release, both directly, through its direct effects on primary production and decomposition rates, and indirectly through its effects on other water and sediment parameters, especially dissolved oxygen concentration.

Relationships between macroinfaunal invertebrates and physicochemical factors in two sandy beaches of Patagonia

2009 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 429-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Martha (Pitu) Mendez ◽  
Evangelina Schwindt ◽  
Alejandro Bortolus
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
National Park ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Benthic Fauna ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Landscape Scale ◽  
Sandy Beaches ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Soft Sediment ◽  
Physicochemical Factors

The interest in the knowledge of the ecology of soft-sediment communities is increasing due to the importance that these environments pose to ecologists and environmentalists. However, the ecology of Argentinean sandy beaches is almost unknown, in spite of being relatively common landscapes. In this work we describe and compare the macroinfaunal assemblages in the two largest sandy beaches within the Monte León National Park, the first marine-coastal park of Argentina. Macrobenthic samples were collected and environmental descriptions were performed by quantifying and comparing the organic matter content, grain size distribution and depth of the substratum available for macroinfaunal colonization. Results show that polychaetes and crustaceans are the dominant taxa and that the two beaches differ in the physicochemical characteristics, suggesting that a relation between the benthic fauna and physicochemical factors exists. Although they appeared similar at the landscape scale in preliminary visual surveys, the geomorphological differences between habitats are likely to drive strong differences in the structure of the macroinfaunal assemblages. The monitoring of visible landscape features is likely to undermine the efficiency of protection and managing strategies if not complemented by geomorphological and ecological surveys of less visible ecosystem variables.

scholarly journals Karakteristik habitat dan pola pertumbuhan kepiting kelapa (Birgus latro) di Pulau Ternate dan Kabupaten Halmahera Barat Provinsi Maluku Utara

DEPIK ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rugaya H. Serosero ◽  
Suryani . ◽  
Rina .
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Habitat Characteristics ◽  
Total N ◽  
Substrate Texture ◽  
Total P

Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik habitat dan pola pertumbuhan kepiting kelapa (Birgus latro) di Takome Pulau Ternate dan Idamdehe Kecamatan Jailolo Propinsi Maluku Utara. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan April-Juli 2014. Data yang dikumpulkan adalah tekstur substrat dengan metode pipet, penentuan kandungan nitrat danfosfat tanah dengan metode spektofotometer, pengukuran panjang + rostrum (cp+r) kepiting kelapa dan pola pertumbuhannya. Selain it juga diukur suhu udara, suhu lubang dan kelembaban udara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Idamdehe memiliki karakteristik pantai yang curam, bahkan di beberapa lokasi penangkapan sangat terjal, sedangkan  di lokasi Takome Pulau Ternate memiliki karakteristik pantai yang lebih landai. Tekstur substrat di lokasi Takome Pulau Ternate terdiri atas pasir (55,76 %), debu (18,4%) dan liat (25,84%) dan Stasiun Idamdehe memiliki tekstur pasir (49,17%), debu (25,61%) dan liat (25,22%)dankandungan bahan organik substrat (Total N) di Takome adalah 0,31% dan total P adalah 0,09% sedangkan di Idamdehe Total N adalah 0,19% dan Total P 0,02%. Suhu udara di lokasi Idamdehe berkisar 26-280C dan di Takome 27-280C. Kelembaban udara 73%-98% di Idamdehe dan 71%-90% di Takome. Parameter lingkungan berupa suhu udara, kelembaban udara, tekstur substrat dan kandungan bahan organik di kedua lokasi penelitian mendukung kehidupan kepiting kelapa di habitat alaminya. Pola pertumbuhan kepiting kelapa di kedua lokasi Idamdehe adalah allometrik negatif.Kata kunci: Karakteristik habitat, Idamdehe, Takome, Birgus latro, isometrik, allometrik negatifAbstract. This objectives of the present study were to evaluate the habitat characteristics and growth patterns of the coconut crabs in Takome and Idamdehe waters North Maluku Province. This study was conducted during April-July 2014. The collected data were the substrate texture, nitrate and phosphate contents of soil using spectrophotometric method, length + rostrum (cp+r) of coconut crabs and the growth patterns. In addition, the air temperature, hole temperature and humidity were also recorded during the study. The results showed that Idamdehe waters has precipitous coast, indeed very precipitous in several catching locations, while Takome waters in Ternate Island has sloping coast. The substrate texture of Takome waters in Ternate Island consisted of sands (55.76%), dusts (18.4%) and clays (25.84%), while Idamdehe waters has the substrate texture that consisted of sands (49.17%), dusts (25.61 %) and clays (25.22%). As for organic matter contents of the substrate, Takome waters has 0.31% in total N and 0.09% in total P, while Idamdehe waters has 0.19% in total N and 0.02 % in total P. The air temperature in Idamdehe waters ranged between 26-280C and in Takome waters ranged between 27-280C. Air humidity in Idamdehe waters was 73%-98% and in Takome waters was 71%-90%. The environmental parameters such as temperature, humidity, substrate texture and organic matter content in both locations are suitable for coconut crab growing. The growth pattern of coconut crabs in Idamdehe and Sulamadaha waters were allometric negative pattern.Keywords: Habitat characteristics, Idamdehe, Takome, Birgus latro, isometric, negative allometric.

The use of isometric log ratios to classify phosphorus attributes in composts

2018 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
pp. 448-457
Author(s):  
Bernard Gagnon ◽  
Serge-Étienne Parent ◽  
Dalel Abdi ◽  
Noura Ziadi ◽  
Léon-Étienne Parent
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Available P ◽  
Processing Wastes ◽  
Log Ratio ◽  
Cluster 2 ◽  
Plant Available P ◽  
Total P

This research aimed to classify 16 horticultural composts collected across Canada into management group according to their phosphorus (P) fractions and carbon (C) content using isometric log ratio (ilr) and to interpret the clusters against the total P content and C-to-P ratio indices. The ilr approach was found to be more discriminant for grouping the composts compared with the conventional statistical analysis. The C-to-P ratio index was representative of cluster 1 only. This cluster included organic amendments with C-to-P ratios higher than 100 and high capacity to increase soil organic matter content without excessive P dosage. Total P separated clusters 2 and 3 despite the amalgamation of P forms into total P. Cluster 2 showed high total P (>10 g P kg−1) and low C-to-P ratios (24–38), whereas cluster 3 showed variable C-to-P ratios (18–78) and total P <9 g kg−1after excluding one compost close to cluster 2. Clusters 2 and 3 were considered as potential sources of plant-available P. The ilr approach suggests that composts made of municipal biosolids and poultry manures in cluster 2 have the highest potential as plant-available P source compared with those made of other livestock manures or food processing wastes.

scholarly journals Effect of the Degree of Soil Contamination with Heavy Metals on Their Mobility in the Soil Profile in a Microplot Experiment

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 878
Author(s):  
Dorota Pikuła ◽  
Wojciech Stępień
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Soil Contamination ◽  
Soil Profile ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Size Composition ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Lead And Cadmium

Adjusting Polish law to EU standards, many studies were started in the 1990s on the harmfulness of presumably contaminating elements (PCE) to the environment and the quality of plants intended produced for food purposes. For this reason, in 1987, a unique microplate experiment was established on natural soils artificially contaminated with copper, zinc, lead and cadmium oxides (up to the pollution level of class I, II and III). The soils were diversified in terms of pH (through liming), organic matter content (through the addition of brown coal) and the grain size composition of the humus level (Ap) (strong clay sand and light silt clay). After 14 years from the introduction of different rates of metals into the top layer (0–30 cm) of the two soils studied, relatively large movement of heavy metals in the soil profile occurred. The amount of leached metals depended mainly on the rate of a given element. The more contaminated was the soil was, the heavier the metals that leached to lower genetic levels of soil. Contaminated soils always had a higher concentration of individual metals in Et than in Bt level. The content of the tested metals in the Et layer was determined in HCl (1 mol·dm−3) and compared to the humus level. Only at the soil depth below 50 cm (Bt), the content of the studied metals’ forms was much lower than in the surface levels. The calculated mobility coefficients of the tested metals determined in 1 M HCl indicate a larger movement of the tested metals in lighter soils than in medium soils. The highest displacement coefficients were obtained for cadmium, while the lowest were for lead. An increase in mobility was obtained alongside an increase in soil contamination with the heavy metals studied. By analyzing the mobility coefficients (heavy metal increase in the Bt and Et layers), they can be ranked in the following decreasing sequence: on light soils: Cd > Cu > Zn > Pb and on medium soils: Cd > Zn > Pb > Cu.

scholarly journals Distribution of organic matter, phytopigments and heterotrophic bacteria along the salinity gradient in the estuaries of small rivers of the Tatar Strait basin

2016 ◽  
Vol 184 (1) ◽  
pp. 219-235
Author(s):  
Ludmila A. Garetova ◽  
Svetlana I. Levshina ◽  
Natalia K. Fisher ◽  
Sergey E. Sirotsky ◽  
Vladimir P. Shesterkin
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Salinity Gradient ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Small Rivers ◽  
Total Organic Matter ◽  
Chl A ◽  
Tatar Strait ◽  
Dissolved Form

Distribution of total organic matter and its dissolved and suspended forms was investigated in two small estuaries with different morphometric characteristics, as Muchke and Toki Lakes, in late July 2014 at the low tide phase. The time of survey was distinguished by low river discharge and high tides. Content of all forms of organic matter and hydrocarbons was higher in the estuarine waters, as compared with fresh river water, regardless of salinity. The dissolved form prevailed (79.7-98.6 % of the total organic matter content) with concentrations of 5.2-35.7 mg/l. Chlorophyll a dominated (up to 87 %) among phytopigments in both estuaries that corresponded to active development of microalgae. Toki Lake was distinguished by higher productivity and microplankton abundance. On the contrary, allochthonous organic matter was more abundant in Muchke Lake, where interrelation between destructors (heterotrophic bacteria number) and primary producers (Chl a concentration) was observed. Oil-oxidizing microorganisms were up to 60 % of the heterotrophic bacteria number. The hydrocarbons content exceeded the maximal permissible level: 3.6 and 4.5 MPL in Muchke and Toki Lakes, respectively. Both estuaries were subjected to chronic hydrocarbon pressure.

scholarly journals Sediment and Nutrient Retention in Ponds on an Agricultural Stream: Evaluating Effectiveness for Diffuse Pollution Mitigation

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 1640
Author(s):  
John Robotham ◽  
Gareth Old ◽  
Ponnambalam Rameshwaran ◽  
David Sear ◽  
David Gasca-Tucker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Soluble Reactive Phosphorus ◽  
Nutrient Retention ◽  
Size Composition ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Storm Events ◽  
Stream Water Quality ◽  
On Line

The creation of ponds and wetlands has the potential to alleviate stream water quality impairment in catchments affected by diffuse agricultural pollution. Understanding the hydrological and biogeochemical functioning of these features is important in determining their effectiveness at mitigating pollution. This study investigated sediment and nutrient retention in three connected (on-line) ponds on a lowland headwater stream by sampling inflowing and outflowing concentrations during base and storm flows. Sediment trapping devices were used to quantify sediment and phosphorus accumulations within ponds over approximately monthly periods. The organic matter content and particle size composition of accumulated sediment were also measured. The ponds retained dissolved nitrate, soluble reactive phosphorus and suspended solids during baseflows. During small to moderate storm events, some ponds were able to reduce peak concentrations and loads of suspended solids and phosphorus; however, during large magnitude events, resuspension of deposited sediment resulted in net loss. Ponds filtered out larger particles most effectively. Between August 2019 and March 2020, the ponds accumulated 0.306 t ha−1 sediment from the 30 ha contributing area. During this period, total sediment accumulations in ponds were estimated to equal 7.6% of the suspended flux leaving the 340 ha catchment downstream. This study demonstrates the complexity of pollutant retention dynamics in on-line ponds and highlights how their effectiveness can be influenced by the timing and magnitude of events.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Efficiency of Biological Treatment of Gases from Municipal Waste Processing

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 687-696
Author(s):  
Piotr Manczarski ◽  
Krystyna Lelicińska-Serafin ◽  
Anna Rolewicz-Kalińska
Keyword(s):  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Size Composition ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Equivalent Diameter ◽  
Surface Load ◽  
Filling Material ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Permeable Membrane

Abstract The objective of the study is research on a biofilter existing at a mechanical-biological waste treatment plant in Radom. The paper presents results of research on the filling of the analysed biofilter (moisture, organic matter content, nutrient content, pH, grain size composition, and equivalent diameter), process gases (temperature, humidity and pH, concentrations of the main pollutants - ammonia, hydrogen sulphide, volatile organic compounds, acetic acid, ethanol) and operational parameters (flow rate, height of the biofilter layer, surface load, gas residence time in the filter bed). Irregularities were observed related to biofiltration efficiency, particularly resulting from improperly selected filling material and improper biofilter operation. The technological research permitted the identification of problems and determination of the requirement of performing necessary operational changes. Further works will involve the design, manufacture, and installation of an integrated biofilter with two-stage gas purification process (a classic biofilter and a semi-permeable membrane).

scholarly journals Characterization of the physical and chemical parameters of Ubatuba Bay, Northern Coast of São Paulo State, Brazil

1999 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. L. M. MANTELATTO ◽  
A. FRANSOZO
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Size Composition ◽  
Organic Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Northern Coast ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The objective of the present study is to characterize the physical and chemical environmental parameters of Ubatuba Bay (SP), as a subsidy for studies of the composition and distribution of benthic crustaceans which live on the non-consolidated sublittoral bottom of this area. Depth, temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, organic content and granulometric composition of the sediments were measured monthly from September/95 to August/96 in eight subareas of the bay. The bay presents an average depth of 9.3 m and is characterized by the following annual mean values for the hydrologic factors: temperature 23.8 ºC, salinity 33.2‰ and dissolved oxygen 5.11 mg/l. The annual mean for the organic matter content of the bay bottom sediments was 11.8% and most subareas presented a grain size composition dominated by pelitic sediments. These peculiar abiotic characteristics are very important for the reproduction and development principally of brachyuran and anomuran crabs, and shrimps which have a close relationship with those substrates.

scholarly journals Forms of organic phosphorus in wetland soils

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (23) ◽  
pp. 6697-6710 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. W. Cheesman ◽  
B. L. Turner ◽  
K. R. Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Organic Phosphorus ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Freshwater Wetlands ◽  
Wetland Soils ◽  
31P Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Inorganic Polyphosphates ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Total P

Abstract. Phosphorus (P) cycling in freshwater wetlands is dominated by biological mechanisms, yet there has been no comprehensive examination of the forms of biogenic P (i.e., forms derived from biological activity) in wetland soils. We used solution 31P NMR spectroscopy to identify and quantify P forms in surface soils of 28 palustrine wetlands spanning a range of climatic, hydrogeomorphic, and vegetation types. Total P concentrations ranged between 51 and 3516 μg P g-1, of which an average of 58% was extracted in a single-step NaOH–EDTA procedure. The extracts contained a broad range of P forms, including phosphomonoesters (averaging 24% of the total soil P), phosphodiesters (averaging 10% of total P), phosphonates (up to 4% of total P), and both pyrophosphate and long-chain polyphosphates (together averaging 6% of total P). Soil P composition was found to be dependant upon two key biogeochemical properties: organic matter content and pH. For example, stereoisomers of inositol hexakisphosphate were detected exclusively in acidic soils with high mineral content, while phosphonates were detected in soils from a broad range of vegetation and hydrogeomorphic types but only under acidic conditions. Conversely inorganic polyphosphates occurred in a broad range of wetland soils, and their abundance appears to reflect more broadly that of a "substantial" and presumably active microbial community with a significant relationship between total inorganic polyphosphates and microbial biomass P. We conclude that soil P composition varies markedly among freshwater wetlands but can be predicted by fundamental soil properties.

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