scholarly journals Assessment of Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis infections in women undergoing laparoscopy: the role of peritoneal fluid sampling

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Miroslav Dragic ◽  
Patrizia Posteraro ◽  
Carla Marani ◽  
Maria Emanuela Natale ◽  
Alessia Vecchioni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Peritoneal Fluid ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Chart Review ◽  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Potential Link ◽  
Fluid Sampling

<em>Background</em>. Aim of this study was to assess the role of peritoneal fluid sampling for detection of bacterial infections due to <em>Chlamydia trachomatis </em>(CT), <em>Neisseria</em> <em>gonorrhoeae</em> (NG), and <em>Mycobacterium</em> <em>tuberculosis</em> (MT) in women undergoing laparoscopic investigation. The potential link between microbiological positive result(s) and types of gynecological pathology was also evaluated. <em><br />Materials</em> <em>and</em> <em>Methods</em>. A large sample of women (n=1377) with their peritoneal fluids taken laparoscopically was studied. Data of microbiological and clinical/histopathological findings were entered into a database from a retrospective chart review. Culture and/or microscopy were used to detect NG or MT infection, whereas CT infection was detected using a PCR-based test. <em><br />Results and Conclusions</em>. Of all the patients (14 to 50 years aged), 463 (33.6%) had endometriosis, 1179 (85.6%) had a pathology/condition other than endometriosis, and 71 (5.2%) had no pathology as histologically documented. None of the patients had peritoneal fluid samples positive for NG or MT. In contrast, 30 (2.2%) of 1377 patients had peritoneal fluid samples positive for CT. Except for 3 women with no histopathological alteration, all the CT positive patients had either endometriosis (n=12) or non-endometriosis (n=13) pathology. Two remaining patients were diagnosed with both the pathologies. Accordingly, no significant association (OR) was found between CT positivity and pathology [only endometriosis, 1.13 (95%CI, 0.30-4.20)]; [only non-endometriosis, 0.53 (95%CI, 0.15-1.87)]. While confirming the low positivity rate for the CT molecular detection, the present data indicate the need for prospective studies to firmly establish the clinical usefulness of peritoneal fluid diagnostic in gynecological settings.

Risk and Protective Factors Affecting Children in Foster Care: A Pilot Study of the Role of Siblings*

1992 ◽  
Vol 37 (9) ◽  
pp. 616-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.B. Thorpe ◽  
G.T. Swart
Keyword(s):  
Foster Care ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
School Performance ◽  
Extracurricular Activities ◽  
Chart Review ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Children In Foster Care ◽  
High Risk Children

A retrospective chart review of 115 siblings (from 48 families) simultaneously taken into the care of a Children's Aid Society was conducted. These children were a very neglected group at great risk of developing mental illness. There was a significant correlation between the number of symptoms the child had while in the receiving home and the time spent in foster care. Protective factors correlated with fewer symptoms at home but not while the child was in care. Being in care resulted in better performance at school, fewer symptoms and involvement in more extracurricular activities. High risk children made up their losses. While in foster care, 53% were eventually separated from their siblings. Children were more likely to be separated from their siblings if they were older, their father was physically ill or their parents were separated. Children who were separated from their siblings had more risk factors and placements while in care. However, they had fewer symptoms and better school performance while they were in foster care and fewer symptoms at discharge than the siblings who stayed together.

scholarly journals Chlamydia trachomatis infection: a challenge for the urologist

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tommaso Cai ◽  
Sandra Mazzoli ◽  
Nicola Mondaini ◽  
Gianni Malossini ◽  
Riccardo Bartoletti
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Everyday Clinical Practice ◽  
Chlamydia Trachomatis Infection ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Asymptomatic Infections

<p>The role of <em>Chlamydia trachomatis</em> (Ct) in everyday clinical practice is now on the increase because Ct infections are the most prevalent sexually transmitted bacterial infections worldwide. Ct can cause urethritis, cervicitis, pharyngitis, or epididymitis, although asymptomatic infections are quite common. Ct infection remains asymptomatic in approximately 50% of infected men and 70% of infected women, with risk for reproductive tract sequelae both in women and men. A proper early diagnosis and treatment is essential in order to prevent persistent consequences. An accurate comprehension of the pathology, diagnosis and treatment of this entity is essential for the urologist. We review the literature about the new findings in diagnosis and treatment of Ct infection in sexually active young men.</p>

Abstract 3235: Low LDL is Associated with Hematoma Expansion in Chronic Daily Alcohol Users with Intracranial Hemorrhage

Stroke ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gayle R Pletsch ◽  
Christopher Burns ◽  
Karen C Albright ◽  
Amelia K Boehme ◽  
T. M Beasley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chart Review ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Independent Predictor ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Platelet Inhibition ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Hematoma Expansion ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Alcohol Users

Background: Prior studies have reported elevated blood pressure, platelet inhibition, and low LDL cholesterol in chronic daily alcohol users (CDA). Each of these has been shown to be associated with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) growth. We hypothesized that CDA patients with ICH and low LDL were at higher risk for ICH growth than CDA users with high LDL. Methods: Retrospective chart review was performed on patients who presented to Tulane University from 7/1/08-12/31/10 with a spontaneous ICH. Patients who underwent hematoma evacuation were excluded. Clinical and demographic variables were abstracted. Hemorrhages volumes were calculated based on ABC/2 method. LDL was dichotomized into low (<100mg/dl) and high (≥100mg/dl) values. Comparisons were made using t-tests, Chi-square and non-parametric equivalents where appropriate. ICH growth in 24 hours and CDA use were evaluated using linear regression. Results: Of the 99 patients with spontaneous ICH, 25.3% were CDA users. No significant differences were observed when comparing baseline demographics of CDA users with LDL<100 and CDA users with LDL>=100 ( Table 1). Patients with low LDL had larger baseline ICH volumes (21.4 vs. 7.5, p=.03) and were more likely to experience ICH growth (87.5% vs. 57.1%, p=0.0002). Initial LDL was an independent predictor for 24 hour ICH growth. Every 10 points the initial LDL was below 100 predicted 1 cc of growth. LDL did not predict ICH growth in non-CDA users (p=0.9430). Discussion: Our data suggest that initial LDL level in chronic daily alcohol users can be used to predict ICH growth. The role of LDL in the importance of vessel fragility and clot stabilization needs to be further explored as this appears be important in patients who are chronic daily alcohol users.

scholarly journals 4225 Evaluation of Neurotransmitters in Channelopathy-Related Epilepsy

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (s1) ◽  
pp. 95-95
Author(s):  
Sunita N Misra ◽  
Theresa M. Czech ◽  
Jennifer A. Kearney
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Model ◽  
Chart Review ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Voltage Gated Sodium Channels ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Genotype A

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Variants in voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSC) are a common cause of severe early onset epilepsy. Changes in CSF neurotransmitters (NT) were identified in 2 cases of VGSC-related epilepsy. Here we investigate NT changes in patients and a novel mouse model of VGSC-related epilepsy. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: We conducted a single site IRB approved retrospective chart review of patients with VGSC-related epilepsy who underwent CSF NT testing for diagnostic purposes. In parallel, we examined NT levels from the brains of wild-type (WT) and a novel VGSC-related epilepsy mouse model after obtaining IACUC approval. We rapidly isolated forebrain, cortex, striatum, and brainstem from 5-6 animals per sex and genotype. A combination of HPLC with electrochemical detection and mass spectrometry were used to quantify NT levels from brain samples. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: We identified 10 patients with VGSC-related epilepsy who received CSF NT testing. Two of these patients had abnormal NT results including changes to dopamine (DA) or serotonin (5-HT) metabolites. We analyzed NT levels from four brain regions from male and female WT and VGSC-related epilepsy mice. We anticipate that most of the NT levels will be similar to WT, however subtle changes in the DA or 5-HT metabolites may be seen in VGSC-related epilepsy. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Patients with VGSC-related epilepsy often have autism spectrum disorder, sleep, and movement disorders. Understanding the role of aberrant NT levels in VGSC-related epilepsy may provide additional therapeutic targets that address common neuropsychological comorbidities as well as seizures.

Combined Phacoemulsification and Pars Plana Vitrectomy for the Treatment of Cataract in Patients With Noninfectious Uveitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 393-400
Author(s):  
Christopher D. Conrady ◽  
Akbar Shakoor ◽  
Rachel Patel ◽  
Marissa Larochelle ◽  
Majid Moshirfar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Approach ◽  
Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Chart Review ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Visual Rehabilitation ◽  
Disease Remission ◽  
Pars Plana ◽  
Vitrectomy Surgery

Purpose: This work evaluates the role of combined phacoemulsification and vitrectomy surgery in the management of cataract associated with noninfectious uveitis. Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted of all patients aged 7 years or older who underwent a combined surgical approach from 2005 to 2018. Results: Eighty-five eyes of 67 patients were included in the study; 10.7% of eyes had a best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of 20/40 or better at time of surgery. At 1-year follow-up, 63.4% of eyes had a BCVA 20/40 or better and 7.6% had a BCVA of 20/200 or worse. There was an overall decrease in cystoid macular edema after surgery compared with preoperatively (47.6% vs 34.5% presurgery and postsurgery, respectively). Complete inflammatory disease remission off immunomodulatory therapy and systemic steroids was achieved in 21.1% of patients. Conclusions: A combined surgical approach is effective in visual rehabilitation in patients with uveitic cataracts and may promote inflammatory disease remission specifically in intermediate uveitis.

A Comparison of Sexual Arousal in Men Exposed to Visual Stimuli With and Without Facial Blurring

Sexual Abuse ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 619-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leah Rosetti ◽  
Susan Curry ◽  
Lisa Murphy ◽  
John B. Bradford ◽  
J. Paul Fedoroff
Keyword(s):  
Chart Review ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Modest Effect Size ◽  
Legal Challenges ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Categories ◽  
Facial Images ◽  
Modest Effect

The role of the facial images in arousal and attraction has been examined before but never via penile plethysmography (PPG). This retrospective chart review aimed to determine the significance and magnitude of differences in arousal measured by PPG in 1,000 men exposed to slide stimuli with or without facial blurring in subjects of various ages. Arousal in response to blurred stimuli was significantly higher than nonanonymized stimuli with modest effect sizes for slides across age and gender categories. Facial blurring increased differences in arousal between adults and adolescents with a modest effect size. Our findings support the use of facial blurring to further protect the anonymity of models and limit the ethical and legal challenges of using slide stimuli with child models.

scholarly journals PO 8383 THE ROLE OF PLASMA B CELLS IN MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS INFECTION AND DISEASE

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (Suppl 3) ◽  
pp. A31.2-A31
Author(s):  
Awa Gindeh ◽  
Simon Donkor ◽  
Olumuyiwa Owolabi
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
B Cells ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Relative Proportion ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Latent Tb ◽  
Latent Tb Infection

BackgroundTuberculosis (TB) is still a major global health problem with about one-quarter of the global population infected with the causative pathogen, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). The role of T-cells in the adaptive immune response against Mtb has been extensively studied with little information on the role of B-cells. B-cells produce antibodies and differentiate into plasma and memory B-cells. Plasmablasts are a subset of plasma cells only present in the peripheral circulation following an ongoing infection or vaccination. Immunoglobulin G’(IgG) especially IgG2 mounts more efficient immune response against bacterial infections, mainly attributed to the high affinity of IgG2 binding to the Fcγ receptor. Therefore, we hypothesised that Mtb-specific IgG +plasmablasts may be a useful biomarker of TB infection status.MethodsEx-vivo B-cell enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) was used to identify plasmablasts responses to Mtb-specific antigens ESAT-6/CFP-10 (EC), together with non-specific Mtb purified protein derivative (PPD) and a positive (total IgG) and negative (media only) control from adults with active TB pre- and post-treatment (n=20) or with latent TB infection (LTBI; n=20) in The Gambia.ResultsFrequencies of Mtb-specific plasmablasts were significantly higher in active TB cases pre-treatment compared to post-treatment (p<0.0001) and LTBI with no difference seen following PPD stimulation. Interestingly, total IgG +cells were lower in the cases at recruitment but increased following treatment indicating the relative proportion of Mtb-specific responses were also significantly different (p=0.034) prior to therapy.ConclusionThese data show that B-cell responses are differentially modulated during active and latent TB infection, suggesting that plasmablasts may be a useful biomarker for TB infection in TB-endemic settings.

scholarly journals Clinical infectious outcomes associated with biofilm-related bacterial infections: a retrospective chart review

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice E. Barsoumian ◽  
Katrin Mende ◽  
Carlos J. Sanchez ◽  
Miriam L. Beckius ◽  
Joseph C. Wenke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Chart Review ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review

Rv0494 Mediates Tolerance to Antibiotics in Mycobacterium Tuberculosis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Ji ◽  
Damin Cai ◽  
Kouzhen Hua ◽  
Peng Du ◽  
Yuanyuan Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Deletion Mutant ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Transcriptional Regulator ◽  
Good Target ◽  
New Antibiotics ◽  
Increased Susceptibility

Abstract Background: Fatty acid metabolism plays an important role in the survival and pathogenesis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. During dormancy, lipids are considered to be the main source of energy. The previous studies find that Rv0494 is a starvation-inducible, lipid-responsive transcriptional regulator. However, the role of Rv0494 in bacterial persister survival has not been studied.Methods: We constructed Rv0494 deletion mutant and assessed the susceptibility of the mutant to various antibiotics conditions in persister assays.Results: We found that mutations in Rv0494 caused a defect in persister survival as shown by their increased susceptibility to Isoniazid.Conclusions: We conclude that Rv0494 is important for persister survival and may serve as a good target for developing new antibiotics that kill persister bacteria for improved treatment of persistent bacterial infections.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors for treatment of periorbital squamous cell carcinoma

2021 ◽  
pp. bjophthalmol-2021-319417
Author(s):  
Jeremy Allan Goldfarb ◽  
Renata Ferrarotto ◽  
Neil Gross ◽  
Ryan Goepfert ◽  
James Matthew Debnam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Chart Review ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Therapeutic Outcomes

PurposeTo report on the outcomes of immunotherapy in patients with locally advanced periorbital squamous cell carcinoma.MethodsWe performed a retrospective chart review of seven consecutive patients with locally advanced periorbital cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma treated with anti-PD-1 immunotherapy. Treatments and therapeutic outcomes were reviewed.ResultsOf the seven patients, six were treated with cemiplimab, and one was treated with pembrolizumab. Five patients were treated with immunotherapy as neoadjuvant therapy before planned surgical resection; two patients received immunotherapy for treatment of advanced recurrent lesions deemed unresectable following multiple previous excisions and radiation therapy. In all seven patients, measurable clinical and/or radiologic response was observed.ConclusionsOur findings support the emerging role of anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in the management of locally advanced periorbital cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma.

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