scholarly journals Ethnicity, cardiovascular diseases and italian cardiology in an evolving society

2016 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabino Scardi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Cardiovascular Prevention ◽  
Western World ◽  
Italian Population ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Diagnostic Skills ◽  
Individualize Care ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Non native residents form around 7-8% of total italian population. In these people, as for virtually all population groups living in the western world, cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the main cause of death. But there are striking ethnic differences in CVD risk factors. The disease presentation may also differ, challenging diagnostic skills, and therapeutic requirements and responses may also be not uniform. The overall health of our society will be largely determined by success in improving the health for minorities and socioeconomically disadvantaged populations. Therefore, it is essential that all healthcare providers understand how to recognize, diagnose, and treat CVD risk in these patient groups. To achieve these goals, the Italian Federation of Cardiology, and the affiliated Italian Association of Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation (GICR-IACPR) must implement programs that aim to educate clinicians about the unique peculiarities of CVD and associated risk factors in minority groups, in order to improve diagnosis and individualize care in these populations.

scholarly journals Magnitude of spontaneous preterm birth and its associated factors among preterm birth in NICU wards in Asella Teaching and Referral Hospital, Asella, Oromia, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (8) ◽  
pp. 030006052110346
Author(s):  
Techane Sisay Tuji ◽  
Addisu Dabi Wake ◽  
Gezahegn Badeg Adere ◽  
Aselefu Beka Wedajo ◽  
Batu Dekeba Obole ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Preterm Births ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Spontaneous Preterm Birth ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Bivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Objective To assess the prevalence of spontaneous preterm births and to identify the associated risk factors. Methods This single-centre cross-sectional study enrolled women that experienced a preterm birth as registered on the neonatal log-book between 30 December 2019 and 30 December 2020. A pre-tested structured checklist was used to collect data (sociodemographic characteristics; obstetric-related factors; medical history; and pregnancy-related factors). Bivariate logistic regression analyses were applied to identify factors associated with spontaneous preterm birth. A multivariate model identified significant independent risk factors. Results A total of 310 patients participated in the study. The prevalence of spontaneous preterm birth in this population was 67.1% (208 of 310; 95% confidence interval [CI] 61.5, 71.9). Patients without a partner (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.470, 95% CI 1.23, 4.42), patients residing in a rural area (AOR = 2.51, 95% CI 1.123, 5.513) and those with a history of PIH during their current pregnancy (AOR = 0.104, 95% CI 0.053, 0.014) were significantly more likely to have a spontaneous preterm birth. Conclusion The prevalence of spontaneous preterm birth in in this study was high. Healthcare providers and all stakeholders should focus on screening pregnant women at the risk of spontaneous preterm birth.

scholarly journals Prevalence of HPV Genotypes in South Europe: Comparisons between an Italian and a Turkish Unvaccinated Population

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Teresa Schettino ◽  
Pasquale De Franciscis ◽  
Antonio Schiattarella ◽  
Viviana La Manna ◽  
Alessandra Della Gala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Population Group ◽  
Turkish Population ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Italian Population ◽  
Turkish Women ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Italian Women ◽  
Cytological Alterations ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

The human papilloma virus (HPV) is a DNA virus associated with benign and malignant lesions of skin and mucous membranes and is the most common sexually transmitted viral infection worldwide. We investigated the prevalence of HPV infection and associated risk factors in Italian and Turkish women population attending the gynecology outpatients clinic in Naples (Italy) and Pamukkale (Turkey). Women were enrolled from the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli” in Naples (Italy) and of “Pamukkale University” in Denizli (Turkey) between January 2014 and June 2015. A questionnaire that included sociodemographic and sexual behavior characteristics, questions about HPV awareness, vaccine status, and reasons for not wanting to get vaccinated, and HPV-related knowledge was completed for each participant, and cervical cytology samples were collected. The prevalence of HPV infection was higher in the Italian group (52.6% vs 32.6%, p<0.001), while the distribution of genotypes is similar (p=0.325). Moreover, the differences in cytological alterations in these patients are significant (p<0.001). The analysis showed a higher prevalence of sexual behavioral characteristics (p<0.001) and better attention to the execution of the screening test in the Italian population (p<0.001). Italian women showed more knowledge and propensity to vaccination compared to Turkish women (p<0.001). Our data highlighted three relevant aspects: the different prevalence of cytological abnormalities, the different distribution of risk factors and, above all, the different attitude of women towards the primary prevention of cervical cancer between an Italian and a Turkish population group.

scholarly journals Variants in Neuromedin U pathway genes and risk of cardiovascular disease in an Italian population

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
F Gianfagna ◽  
A Marotta ◽  
F Noro ◽  
A Gialluisi ◽  
B Izzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Italian Population ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Genetic Score ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Intermediate Phenotypes

Abstract Background Neuromedin U (NMU) is a hypothalamic neuropeptide with several functions, considered to be a potential therapeutic target for diabetes mellitus. The aim of this study was to analyse the association between genetic variants in NMU pathway genes and cardiovascular risk, in Italian adults from the general population recruited for the Moli-sani study. Methods A total of 4,039 participants (mean age 55.8±12.1 SD; men 46.1%) were randomly selected from the whole study population (N = 24,325; recruitment years 2005-2010). DNA from blood samples stored in the Moli-sani biobank were genotyped for 14 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the genes encoding for NMU, Neuromedin S (NMS) and their receptors NMUR1 and NMUR2. Cox regression analysis (age, sex, BMI, blood pressure, glucose and lipid levels as covariates) was performed to estimate the associations between SNPs and fatal or non-fatal CVD events (validated myocardial infarction or stroke), identified from death certificates and electronic records during a median follow-up of 4.5 years. A genetic score was then computed. Results CVD events (N = 93) were associated with mutant alleles in the NMU SNP rs55796004 (HR = 1.94; 95%CI:1.08-3.48) and rs4856020 (HR = 0.52; 95%CI: 0.29-0.94) and in the NMS SNP rs12474526 (HR = 0.48, 95%CI:0.28-0.81), independently from CVD risk factors. A SNP in NMUR1 showed a borderline association (rs6754952, HR = 0.74; 95%CI:0.54-1.00). The derived genetic score was associated with CVD incidence with a HR of 1.57 (95%CI:1.25-1.96, per 1 score SD). A HR of 7.33 (95%CI:1.68-32.01) was found comparing the last vs the 1st decile of the genetic score. Conclusions Italian adults carrying variants in NMU pathway genes are at increased CVD risk. Intermediate phenotypes, mediating this association independent of classical risk factors, are unknown and should be investigated. Once confirmed, these results could be useful to improve CVD risk assessment and to plan cost-effective interventions. Key messages Polymorphisms in NMU pathway genes are associated with CVD risk independently of classical CVD risk factors, suggesting a potential clinical utility in CVD prediction when added to CVD risk algorithms. The unknown phenotype mediating the association between NMU genes polymorphisms and CVD development could be the neglected CVD risk factor potentially explaining the unpredicted CVD fraction.

Abstract 09: The Health Freedom Path to Wellness Program: A Novel Educational and Behavioral Intervention to Promote Cardiovascular Health Equity

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanjala S Purnell ◽  
Ina Glenn-Smith ◽  
Sunjae Bae ◽  
Grecia Vargas ◽  
Anika L Hines ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Behavioral Intervention ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Opportunity To Learn ◽  
Wellness Program ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Background: African Americans (AAs) and adults living in urban communities continue to experience disproportionately high rates of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and associated risk factors (e.g., hypertension, diabetes, obesity) despite decades of recognition of these disparities. Methods: The Health Freedom Path to Wellness Program is an innovative community-based educational and behavioral intervention to reduce disparities in CVD risk factors. The goal of this study was to test the effectiveness of the Circle of Friends (COF) educational and social support component of the Health Freedom intervention. The Health Freedom-COF incorporated six weekly one-hour long sessions led by lay health workers trained in CVD health education based on the AHA’s Simple 7 guidelines, blood pressure (BP) measurement, physical activity, and behavior change strategies, and culminated in a 5K celebration walk that gives participants an opportunity to learn about Maryland’s important role in the Underground Railroad. Results: Study participants included 353 adults in Maryland (93% AAs, mean age: 53 years; 85% female; and 35% with annual incomes <$50,000). At baseline, mean BP(SD) was 127.4 (17.6)/77.1 (10.8) mmHg; mean weight in pounds (SD) was 191.6 (45.2); 43.1% had diagnosed hypertension, and 15.0% had diabetes. Compared with their pre-intervention assessments, adults who completed the intervention experienced an average reduction of -5.2 mm Hg systolic blood pressure (95% CI: 4.1-6.3, p<0.001) and -3.3 mm Hg diastolic BP (95% CI: 2.5-4.1, p<0.001). At baseline, only 3.3% of participants reported a weekly consumption of 5+ fruit servings; 5.9% reported 5+ vegetable servings, and 12.8% reported 5+ days of physical activity. However, after completing the program, 22.4% of participants reported a weekly consumption of 5+ fruit servings; 28.6% reported 5+ vegetable servings, and 46.7% reported 5+ days of physical activity. Conclusions: The Health Freedom educational and behavioral intervention was associated with improvements in blood pressure, diet, and physical activity among socially at-risk adults.

scholarly journals Low-volume high-intensity interval training for children with obesity: a commentary

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 7-15
Author(s):  
Jaak Jürimäe
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Common Chronic Disease ◽  
Low Volume ◽  
High Intensity Interval ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Obesity is the most common chronic disease in childhood, and is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) later in life. Being obese is inversely associated with physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in children. Increased CRF may negate the detrimental effects of obesity-associated risk factors for CVD, while poor CRF has been associated with increased arterial stiffness and higher levels of blood inflammatory markers. The use of time efficient high-intensity interval training (HIIT) to reduce CVD risk factors and body mass, improve CRF and other health parameters has become popular during the last years in adults with obesity. However, a relatively few studies have investigated the effect of HIIT on body composition, CRF and cardiometabolic biomarkers in children with obesity. It is expected that low-volume HIIT programs are feasable for community-based body mass reduction and health promotion in children with obesity.

scholarly journals Risk factors associated with cardiovascular disease among adult Nevadans

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. e0247105
Author(s):  
Dieu-My T. Tran ◽  
Nirmala Lekhak ◽  
Karen Gutierrez ◽  
Sheniz Moonie
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
High Cholesterol ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
System Data

ObjectiveCardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the number one cause of death in the US and Nevada is ranked 11th highest for CVD mortality. The study sought to examine the association between self-reported risk factors and CVD presence among adult Nevadans, between years 2011 and 2017.MethodsThis is a cross-sectional, population-based study that utilized the 2011 and 2017 Nevada Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data. Data were analyzed between 2019 and 2020.ResultsA total of 5,493 and 3,764 subjects in 2011 and 2017, respectively were included. BMI (overweight/obesity) remained the most prevalent CVD risk factor. The second most common CVD risk factor was high cholesterol, followed by hypertension. Compared to females, males were 1.64 times more likely to have reported CVD in 2011, which increased to 1.92 in 2017. Compared to non-smokers, everyday smokers were 1.96 times more likely in 2011 and 3.62 times more likely in 2017. Individuals with high cholesterol status were 2.67 times more likely to have reported CVD compared to those with normal levels in 2011. In 2011, individuals with hypertension were 3.74 times more likely to have reported CVD compared to those who did not have hypertension. This relationship increased its magnitude of risk to 6.18 times more likely in 2017. In 2011, individuals with diabetes were 2.90 times more likely to have reported CVD compared to those without the condition.ConclusionsPublic health and healthcare providers need to target preventable cardiovascular risk factors and develop recommendations and strategies locally, nationally, and globally.

scholarly journals Clustering of cardiovascular risk factors among Omani adults

2003 ◽  
Vol 9 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 893-903
Author(s):  
A. A. Al Riyami ◽  
M. Afifi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
National Health Survey ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Survey Results

To determine the distribution and correlates of clustering of cardiovascular disease [CVD] risk factors, data from the Oman National Health Survey, 2000 were analysed. Based on demographic data [blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, serum cholesterol, weight, height, waist and hip measurements], 5660 subjects were grouped according to how many of four CVD risk factors [hypertension, high cholesterol, diabetes, overweight/obesity] they had. We found that 72% of subjects had less than one risk factor and 2% had all four. Older age exacerbated risk, while living in rural areas or being single was protective. Metabolic cardiovascular syndrome is a public health problem in Oman. Increasing awareness in healthcare providers and the wider population by comprehensive dissemination of the survey results is crucial

scholarly journals Ethnic disparities in educational and occupational gradients of estimated cardiovascular disease risk: The Healthy Life in an Urban Setting study

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 204-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilco Perini ◽  
Charles Agyemang ◽  
Marieke B. Snijder ◽  
Ron J.G. Peters ◽  
Anton E. Kunst
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Ethnic Disparities ◽  
Urban Setting ◽  
Ethnic Minority Groups ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Healthy Life

Background: European societies are becoming increasingly ethnically diverse. This may have important implications for socio-economic inequalities in health due to the often disadvantaged position of ethnic minority groups in both socio-economic status (SES) and disease, especially cardiovascular disease (CVD). Objective: The aim of this study was to determine whether the socio-economic gradient of estimated CVD risk differs between ethnic groups. Methods: Using the Healthy Life in an Urban Setting study, we obtained data on SES and CVD risk factors among participants from six ethnic backgrounds residing in Amsterdam. SES was measured using educational level and occupational level. CVD risk was estimated based on the occurrence of CVD risk factors using the Dutch version of the systematic coronary risk evaluation algorithm. Ethnic disparities in socio-economic gradients for estimated CVD risk were determined using the relative index of inequality (RII). Results: Among Dutch-origin men, the RII for estimated CVD risk according to educational level was 6.15% (95% confidence interval [CI] 4.35–7.96%), indicating that those at the bottom of the educational hierarchy had a 6.15% higher estimated CVD risk relative than those at the top. Among Dutch-origin women, the RII was 4.49% (CI 2.45–6.52%). The RII was lower among ethnic minority groups, ranging from 0.83% to 3.13% among men and −0.29% to 5.12% among women, indicating weaker associations among these groups. Results were similar based on occupational level. Conclusions: Ethnic background needs to be considered in associations between SES and disease. The predictive value of SES varies between ethnic groups and may be quite poor for some groups.

scholarly journals Attributable Burden and Expenditure of Cardiovascular Diseases and Associated Risk Factors in Mexico and other Selected Mega-Countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (20) ◽  
pp. 4041 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenny Mendoza-Herrera ◽  
Andrea Pedroza-Tobías ◽  
César Hernández-Alcaraz ◽  
Leticia Ávila-Burgos ◽  
Carlos A. Aguilar-Salinas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Cardiovascular Mortality ◽  
Economic Burden ◽  
Food System ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Public Datasets

Background: This paper describes the health and economic burden of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in Mexico and other mega-countries through a review of literature and datasets. Methods: Mega-countries with a low (Nigeria), middle (India), high (China/Brazil/Mexico), and very high (the U.S.A./Japan) human development index were included. The review was focused on prevalence of dyslipidemias and CVD economic impact and conducted according to the PRISMA statement. Public datasets of CVD indicators were explored. Results: Heterogeneity in economic data and limited information on dyslipidemias were found. Hypertriglyceridemia and hypercholesterolemia were higher in Mexico compared with other countries. Higher contribution of dietary risk factors for cardiovascular mortality and greater probability of dying prematurely from CVD were observed in developing countries. From 1990–2016, a greater decrease in cardiovascular mortality in developed countries was registered. In 2015, a CVD expense equivalent to 4% of total health expenditure was reported in Mexico. CVD ranked first in health expenditures in almost all these nations and the economic burden will remain significant for decades to come. Conclusions: Resources should be assured to optimize CVD risk monitoring. Educational and medical models must be improved to enhance CVD diagnosis and the prescription and adherence to treatments. Long-term benefits could be attained by modifying the food system.

scholarly journals Romanian Questionnaire to Assess the Prevalence of Occupational Hand Eczema among Healthcare Providers

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 280-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anca E. Chiriac ◽  
Doina Azoicai ◽  
Anca Chiriac ◽  
Adrian Naznean ◽  
Francesca Larese Filon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Hand Eczema ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Occupational Skin Diseases ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Occupational Hand Eczema ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Abstract Occupational skin diseases have an unknown prevalence in Romania, although they are considered the most frequent occupational diseases reported in Western European countries. Self-reported hand eczema among healthcare providers by questionnaire aims to estimate the prevalence of work-related hand eczema and associated risk factors in hospitals and outpatient units in Romania. The aim of this study is to discuss and to validate a questionnaire for surveying work-related skin diseases and exposure among healthcare providers.

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