scholarly journals Anti-inflammatory effect of an eye drops solution based on liposomal ozonated oil in different corneal and anterior segment human diseases

Ozone Therapy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Attilio Basile ◽  
Magda Cendali ◽  
Giulia Mandelli ◽  
Gaetano Fioretto
Keyword(s):  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Alternative Therapy ◽  
Anterior Segment ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Eye Drops ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Topical Dosage

The gaseous ozone can be effectively stabilized – for topical use – as ozonated oil, an organic analog of ozone, that has the same properties; the tolerability on the ocular surface has been further improved by means a specific formulation, developed for ophthalmic use, based on liposomal sunflower ozonated oil plus hypromellose (Ozodrop®, FB Vision, Ascoli Piceno, Italy), which is extremely biocompatible with the delicate ocular surface tissue. The use of ozone in certain eye anterior segment pathologies could be providential due to its anti-inflammatory and bactericidal activity, in addition to promoting tissue repair properties. Nowadays, the overuse of antibiotics in the treatment of infectious diseases, and the appearance of multidrug-resistant bacterial strains, has driven research towards the study of new resistance-free antimicrobial agents. In our experience, this new liposomal ozonated oil formulation was used to promote wound healing and treat some inflammatory and infectious pathologies of the anterior segment, such as vernal conjunctivities, granulomatous conjunctivities, persistent dystrophic corneal ulcer, i.e. diseases necessitating adequate anti-inflammatory and regenerative therapy. In these conditions, a topical dosage of one or two drops of collyrium every 4 h over 3-7 days is generally recommended, even though multiple and frequent instillations are often required to achieve clinical resolution. The use of ozone-based eye drops gave a faster resolution of the inflammatory and/or infectious process, healing of the wounded area, improvement of corneal deepithelization and resolution of the symptomatology (itching, soreness) and clinical sign. In conclusion, from our preliminary results, ozone-based eye drops represent a valid and suitable alternative therapy for the management of external ocular pathologies, both inflammatory and/or infective and traumatic.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial resistance in bacteria isolated from pigs with respiratory clinical signs in Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. e160956
Author(s):  
Maysa Serpa ◽  
Juliana Amália Fonte Bôa do Nascimento ◽  
Mirian Fátima Alves ◽  
Maria Isabel Maldonado Coelho Guedes ◽  
Adrienny Trindade Reis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Great Level ◽  
Respiratory Pathogens ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Pig Farms

Antimicrobial resistance is a current and important issue to public health, and it is usually associated with the indiscriminate use of antimicrobials in animal production. This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial susceptibility profile in bacterial isolates from pigs with clinical respiratory signs in Brazil. One hundred sixty bacterial strains isolated from pigs from 51 pig farms in Brazil were studied. In vitro disk-diffusion method was employed using 14 antimicrobial agents: amoxicillin, penicillin, ceftiofur, ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin, chlortetracycline, doxycycline, oxytetracycline, tetracycline, erythromycin, tilmicosin, florfenicol, lincomycin, and sulfadiazine/trimethoprim. The majority of isolates were resistant to at least one antimicrobial agent (98.75%; 158/160), while 31.25% (50/160) of the strains were multidrug resistant. Streptococcus suis and Bordetella bronchiseptica were the pathogens that showed higher resistance levels. Haemophilus parasuis showed high resistance levels to sulfadiazine/trimethoprim (9/18=50%). We observed that isolates from the midwestern and southern regions exhibited four times greater chance of being multidrug resistant than the isolates from the southeastern region studied. Overall, the results of the present study showed a great level of resistance to lincomycin, erythromycin, sulfadiazine/trimethoprim, and tetracycline among bacterial respiratory pathogens isolated from pigs in Brazil. The high levels of antimicrobial resistance in swine respiratory bacterial pathogens highlight the need for the proper use of antimicrobials in Brazilian pig farms.

scholarly journals Optimised Genetic Tools Allow the Biosynthesis of Glycocin F and Analogues Designed to Test the Roles of Gcc Cluster Genes in Bacteriocin Production.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brittany J. Drummond ◽  
Trevor S. Loo ◽  
Mark L. Patchett ◽  
Gillian E. Norris
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Response Regulator ◽  
Shuttle Vector ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Target Range ◽  
Efficient Production ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Natural Product Research

The emergence of multidrug-resistant pathogens has motivated natural product research to inform the development of new antimicrobial agents. Glycocin F (GccF) is a diglycosylated 43-amino acid bacteriocin secreted by Lactobacillus plantarum KW30. It displays a moderate phylogenetic target range that includes vancomycin-resistant strains of Enterococcus species and appears to have a novel bacteriostatic mechanism, rapidly inhibiting growth of the most susceptible bacterial strains at pM concentrations. Experimental verification of the predicted role(s) of gcc cluster genes in GccF biosynthesis has been hampered by the inability to produce soluble recombinant Gcc proteins. Here we report the development of pRV610gcc, an easily modifiable 11.2 kbp plasmid that enables the production of GccF in L. plantarum NC8. Gcc gene expression relies on native promoters in the cloned cluster, and NC8 pRV610gcc produces mature GccF at levels similar to KW30. Key findings are that: the glycosyltransferase glycosylates both serine and cysteine at either position in the sequence, but glycosylation of the loop serine is both sequence and spatially specific; glycosylation of the peptide scaffold is not required for export and subsequent disulfide bond formation; neither of the putative thioredoxin proteins is essential for peptide maturation; removal of the entire putative response regulator GccE decreases GccF production less than removal of the LytTR domain alone. Using this system, we have verified the functions of most of the gcc genes and have advanced our understanding of the roles of GccF structure in its maturation and antibacterial activity. IMPORTANCE The entire 7-gene cluster for the diglycosylated bacteriocin glycocin F (GccF), including the natural promoters responsible for gcc gene expression, has been ligated into the E. coli-LAB shuttle vector pRV610 to produce the easily modifiable 11.2 kbp plasmid pRV610gcc for the efficient production of glycocin F analogues. In contrast to the refactoring approach, chemical synthesis, or chemoenzymatic synthesis, all of which have been successfully used to probe glycocin structure and function, this plasmid can also be used to probe in vivo the evolutionary constraints on glycocin scaffolds and their processing by the maturation pathway machinery, thus increasing understanding of the enzymes involved, the order in which they act and how they are regulated.

scholarly journals A Novel Hybrid Peptide Composed of LfcinB6 and KR-12-a4 With Enhanced Antimicrobial, Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Biofilm Activities

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chelladurai Ajish ◽  
Sungtae Yang ◽  
S. Dinesh Kumar ◽  
Eun Young Kim ◽  
Hye Jung Min ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Hybrid Peptide ◽  
Cell Selectivity ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Abstract Hybridizing two known antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) is a simple and effective strategy for designing antimicrobial agents with enhanced cell selectivity against bacterial cells. Here, we generated a hybrid peptide Lf-KR in which LfcinB6 and KR-12-a4 were linked with a Pro hinge to obtain a novel AMP with potent antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and anti-biofilm activities. Lf-KR exerted superior cell selectivity for bacterial cells over sheep red blood cells. Lf-KR showed broad-spectrum antimicrobial activities (MIC: 4–8 mM) against tested 12 bacterial strains and retained its antimicrobial activity in the presence of salts at physiological concentrations. Membrane depolarization and dye leakage assays showed that the enhanced antimicrobial activity of Lf-KR was due to increased permeabilization and depolarization of microbial membranes. Lf-KR significantly inhibited the expression and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (NO and TNF-a) in LPS-stimulated mouse macrophage RAW264.7 cells. In addition, Lf-KR showed a powerful eradication effect on preformed multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MDRPA) biofilms. We confirmed using confocal laser scanning microscopy that a large portion of the preformed MDRPA biofilm structure was perturbed by the addition of Lf-KR. Collectively, our results suggest that Lf-KR can be an antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and anti-biofilm candidate as a pharmaceutical agent.

scholarly journals Synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Lactobacillus bulgaricus and assessment of their antibacterial potential

2022 ◽  
Vol 82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Q. A. Naseer ◽  
X. Xue ◽  
X. Wang ◽  
S. Dang ◽  
S. U. Din ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Lactobacillus Bulgaricus ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Visible Absorption

Abstract Many pathogenic strains have acquired multidrug-resistant patterns in recent a year, which poses a major public health concern. The growing need for effective antimicrobial agents as novel therapies against multidrug-resistant pathogens has drawn scientist attention toward nanotechnology. Silver nanoparticles are considered capable of killing multidrug-resistant isolates due to their oligo-dynamic effect on microorganisms. In this research study NPs were synthesized using the gram-positive bacteria Lactobacillus bulgaricus and its activity against selected pathogenic strains. Lactobacillus bulgaricus pure cultures were isolated from raw milk and grown in “De Man, Rogasa, and Sharp” broth for synthesis of nanoparticles. Lactobacillus bulgaricus culture was centrifuged and Cell- free supernatant of it was employed with aqueous silvery ions and evaluated their antibacterial activities against bacterial strains i.e. Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Salmonella typhi using agar well diffusion assay. Antibiotic profiling against selected pathogenic strains were also conducted using disc diffusion method. The synthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles were monitored primarily by the conversion of the pale-yellow color of the mixture into a dark-brown color and via ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy and Scanning electron microscopy respectively. The result showed that that AgNPs with size (30.65-100 nm) obtained from Lactobacillus bulgaricus were found to exhibit antibacterial activities against selected bacterial strains. Taken together, these findings suggest that Lactobacillus bulgaricus has great potential for the production of AgNPs with antibacterial activities and highly effective in comparison to tested antibiotics.

scholarly journals Effects of Topical Gabapentin on Ocular Pain and Tear Secretion

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurizio Cammalleri ◽  
Rosario Amato ◽  
Melania Olivieri ◽  
Salvatore Pezzino ◽  
Paola Bagnoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lacrimal Gland ◽  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Rabbit Model ◽  
Corneal Epithelial Cell ◽  
Epithelial Cell Line ◽  
Eye Drops ◽  
Aquaporin 5 ◽  
Ocular Pain ◽  
Anesthetic Drugs ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Neuropathic ocular pain is a frequent occurrence in medium to severe dry eye disease (DED). Only palliative treatments, such as lubricants and anti-inflammatory drugs, are available to alleviate patients’ discomfort. Anesthetic drugs are not indicated, because they may interfere with the neural feedback between the cornea and the lacrimal gland, impairing tear production and lacrimation. Gabapentin (GBT) is a structural analog of gamma-amino butyric acid that has been used by systemic administration to provide pain relief in glaucomatous patients. We have already shown in a rabbit model system that its topic administration as eye drops has anti-inflammatory properties. We now present data on rabbits’ eyes showing that indeed GBT given topically as eye drops has analgesic but not anesthetic effects. Therefore, opposite to an anesthetic drug such as oxybuprocaine, GBT does not decrease lacrimation, but–unexpectedly–even stimulates it, apparently through the upregulation of acetylcholine and norepinephrine, and by induction of aquaporin 5 (AQP5) expression in the lacrimal gland. Moreover, data obtained in vitro on a primary human corneal epithelial cell line also show direct induction of AQP5 by GBT. This suggests that corneal cells might also contribute to the lacrimal stimulation promoted by GBT and participate with lacrimal glands in the restoration of the tear film, thus reducing friction on the ocular surface, which is a known trigger of ocular pain. In conclusion, GBT is endowed with analgesic, anti-inflammatory and secretagogue properties, all useful to treat neuropathic pain of the ocular surface, especially in case of DED.

scholarly journals Phages in Food Industry Biocontrol and Bioremediation

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 786
Author(s):  
Pablo Cristobal-Cueto ◽  
Alberto García-Quintanilla ◽  
Jaime Esteban ◽  
Meritxell García-Quintanilla
Keyword(s):  
Food Industry ◽  
Alternative Therapy ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Foodborne Illness ◽  
World Health ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
A Current

Bacteriophages are ubiquitous in nature and their use is a current promising alternative in biological control. Multidrug resistant (MDR) bacterial strains are present in the livestock industry and phages are attractive candidates to eliminate them and their biofilms. This alternative therapy also reduces the non-desirable effects produced by chemicals on food. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that around 420,000 people die due to a foodborne illness annually, suggesting that an improvement in food biocontrol is desirable. This review summarizes relevant studies of phage use in biocontrol focusing on treatments in live animals, plants, surfaces, foods, wastewaters and bioremediation.

scholarly journals ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF FOMITOPSIS BETULINA CULTURAL LIQUID

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 10-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetiana Krupodorova ◽  
Victor Barshteyn ◽  
Elena Pokas
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Bacterial Diseases ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
Fomitopsis Betulina

The antibacterial activity of Fomitopsis betulina cultural liquid (native, native concentrated, lyophilized, dried) against standard bacteria (Escherichia coli АТСС 25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa АТСС 27853, Staphylococcus aureus АТСС 25923), and clinical isolates (Acinetobacter baumannii 50/1496 MBL, A. baumannii 88/2995 MBL, E. coli 116/3196 KPC, Klebsiella pneumoniae 6/509 ESBL, AmpC, KPC, P. aeruginosa 99/3066 MBL, P. aeruginosa 125/3343 MBL, S. haemoliticus 22/824 MRSA, S. aureus 134/3569 MRCNS) has been evaluated by the serial dilutions method. The antibacterial activity of F. betulina against S. haemoliticus and A. baumannii has been found for the first time. All samples of F. betulina cultural liquid demonstrated the inhibitory effect against standard bacterial strains at the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) ranging from >2.0 up to 18.75 mg/ml, and against multidrug-resistant clinical isolates with MBC from 7.8 up to 48.42 mg/ml. The dried F. betulina cultural liquid showed the highest antimicrobial activity against standard bacteria and clinical isolates, except A. baumannii 50/1496 MBL, while native concentrated cultural liquid was the most effective against this pathogen. The study showed that the antibacterial activity of the cultural liquid of F. betulina was improved by concentration and drying. The results obtained indicate that F. betulina cultural liquid contains alternative antimicrobial agents, useful for the treatment of bacterial diseases and might be a perspective substance for the pharmaceutical industries

scholarly journals Current treatment modalities for dry eye disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-23
Author(s):  
E.B. Tatarnikova ◽  
◽  
O.I. Krivosheina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Eye ◽  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Tear Film ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Dry Eye Disease ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Eye Disease ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Eye Drops ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

For many years, dry eye disease (DED) is a common ophthalmic condition associated with ocular surface damage and loss of homeostasis of the tear film. The key pathogenic factors of DED are tear film instability and tear hyperosmolarity, ocular surface inflammation and damage, and neurosensory alterations. Current treatment for DED consists of non-medical therapies, tear substitutes, anti-inflammatory agents, and surgical procedures. These treatments improve disease course and quality of life. However, these treatments are largely palliative as long-term (and even life-long) installation of eye drops is required. Modern and effective treatments for DED are needed. This paper reviews domestic and foreign published data on the important therapies for DED and novel tools to promote symptom relief. These data are required for the understanding of the pharmacological effects of various drug classes prescribed for DED and early treatment initiation. Keywords: dry eye disease, tear replacement therapy, anti-inflammatory treatment, surgery, hyaluronic acid, preservatives. For citation: Tatarnikova E.B., Krivosheina O.I. Current treatment modalities for dry eye disease. Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology. 2021;21(1):18–23. DOI: 10.32364/2311-7729-2021-21-1-18-23.

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