scholarly journals Helminth parasites in the intestinal tract of indigenous poultry in parts of Kenya : short communication

2004 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
L.W. Irungu ◽  
R.N. Kimani ◽  
S.M. Kisia
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Intestinal Tract ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Helminth Infection ◽  
Helminth Parasites ◽  
Ascaridia Galli ◽  
The Poor ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Syngamus Trachea

A study was carried out on 456 indigenous poultry intestinal specimens from various towns in Kenya to determine the occurrence and distribution of helminth parasites in the intestinal tract of the birds. Of the specimens examined, 414 had parasites whereas the remaining 42 had none, which is an infection rate of 90.78 %. The main species of helminths found in the intestines were Raillietina sp. (47.53 %), Heterakis gallinarum (21.33 %), Ascaridia galli (10.03 %), Strongyloides avium (9.96 %), Choanotaenia infundibulum (4.61 %), Cotugnia digonopora (3.6 %), Capillaria sp. (1.5 %), Trichostrongylus tenius (1.04 %) and Syngamus trachea (0.40 %). Most helminths were present in both the mid- and hindguts. Syngamus trachea and C. digonopora were only found in the foregut and midgut, respectively. Although chickens from which the specimens were collected appeard healthy, the high prevalence of helminthiasis observed shows the poor level of helminth infection control practiced by the indigenous poultry keepers in the country, which might affect the health status of the birds and their growth rates. Poultry keepers should be encouraged to prevent, control and treat such cases.

scholarly journals Short Communication: Prevalence and risk factors of soil-transmitted helminth infection among farmers in Gelgel Village, Klungkung District, Bali, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Budiapsari Putu indah ◽  
ANAK AGUNG GEDE INDRANINGRAT ◽  
HENY ARWATI ◽  
YOES PRIJATNA DACHLAN
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Helminth Infection ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
Modified Technique ◽  
Hygiene Factors ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Regression Test

Abstract. Apsari PIB, Indraningrat AAG, Arwati H, Dachlan YP. 2020. Short Communication: Prevalence and risk factors of soil-transmitted helminth infection among farmers in Gelgel Village, Klungkung District, Bali, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 1535-1540. Soil-transmitted helminths infection remains a problem in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide. Indonesia is one of the tropical countries with a high prevalence of STH infection in children and high-risk population such as farmers. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and risk factors of STH infection from farmers. STH infection was diagnosed by Kato-Katz modified technique, while risk factors relevant to STH infection were assessed by a questionnaire. Data were analyzed by logistic regression and multiple regression test. A total of 162 fecal-samples and questionnaires were obtained from 250 participants. Twenty-two subjects (13.5%) were positive, and 140 subjects (86.5%) were negative for STH infection giving the prevalence rate of 13.5% among farmers. Several significant risk factors for STH infection were age, gender, level of study, income, eating fresh unwashed vegetable, hand washing without soap, defecation site, without wearing hand gloves and protective cloth, bare walking foot, and the use of synthetic fertilizer. So we can conclude that personal hygiene factors were the most contributed factors for STH infection.

scholarly journals Gastrointestinal Helminths Infection in Different Types of Poultry

1970 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
AKMA Rabbi ◽  
A Islam ◽  
S Majumder ◽  
A Anisuzzaman ◽  
MH Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Helminth Infection ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Helminth Parasites ◽  
Ascaridia Galli ◽  
Gastrointestinal Helminths ◽  
Backyard Poultry ◽  
Pathological Lesions ◽  
Gastrointestinal Helminth ◽  
Different Types

The prevalence of gastrointestinal helminth parasites and the gross pathological lesions produced by them in different types of poultry were studied from March 2005 to March 2006, in the Department of Parasitology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. In this study, 240 viscera of three types of poultry such as broiler, layer and backyard indigenous chickens were collected from local markets of Mymensingh district. During routine examination, total six species of helminth parasites were recorded, of which three species were nematodes such as Ascaridia galli, Heterakis gallinarum and Capillaria annulata; two species were cestodes such as Raillietina tetragona and Amoebotaenia sphenoides and only one species was belonged to trematode such as Catatropis verrucosa. Prevalence of different species of gastrointestinal helminths was highest in backyard poultry (100%) followed by layer (48.75%) and broiler (3.75%) which was statistically significant (p < 0.01). Backyard poultry was significantly (p < 0.05) 168.21 and 4106.67 times more susceptible to helminth infection than layer and broiler respectively. But layer was 24.41 times more susceptible to helminth infection than broiler. In backyard poultry, all six species of helminth parasites were found. A statistically significant (p < 0.05) variation in the prevalence of the recovered parasites from backyard poultry were observed such as the prevalence of R. tetragona (100%) was the highest followed by that of A. galli (87.50%) and H. gallinarum (80%). From the odds ratio of the recovered parasites, it was observed that chance of developing R. tetragona (odds ratio 189.73) in backyard poultry was the highest followed by A. galli (odds ratio 7.51) and H. gallinarum (odds ratio 4.04). In case of layer, only A. galli and R. tetragona were recorded, of which, prevalence of A. galli was the highest (43.75%). In broiler, only A. galli (3.75%) was found. Gross pathological lesions were found only in backyard poultry. Pathological changes were detected in case of A. sphenoides and H. gallinarum infection. In A. sphenoides infection petechial hemorrhages were observed in the mucosa of the duodenum. On the other hand, tiny, white, circumscribed nodules of about 2-3 mm of diameter were found in the caecal mucosa in case of H. gallinarum infection. Results of the present study suggest that the backyard poultry is at the high risk of helminth infection. However, layers are also vulnerable to parasitic infection. So regular deworming is essential both in backyard poultry and layer birds to obtain better production from them. Key words: Gastrointestinal helminths, prevalence, pathology, broiler, layer, backyard poultry doi:10.3329/bjvm.v4i1.1519 Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2006). 4 (1): 13-18

scholarly journals Helminth parasites of indigenous chickens in Oodi, Kgatleng District, Botswana : short communication

2000 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
E.Z. Mushi ◽  
M.G. Binta ◽  
R.G. Chabo ◽  
R. Ndebele ◽  
T. Thibanyane
Keyword(s):  
Short Communication ◽  
Helminth Parasites ◽  
Ascaridia Galli ◽  
Heterakis Gallinarum ◽  
Indigenous Chickens

Thirteen adult indigenous chickens from Oodi, Kgatleng district, Botswana, were examined for helminth parasites. Two species of nematodes, Ascaridia galli and Heterakis gallinarum, and species of the cestode genus Raillietina, were recovered. A. galli and H. gallinarumwere the most commonly seen parasites. The nematode A. galli occurred concurrently with Raillietina spp.

scholarly journals Occurrence of Endoparasites in Domestic Fowls (GALLUS GALLUS) And Ducks (ANAS PLATYRHYNCHOS)

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-46
Author(s):  
Hamida Khanum ◽  
Sharmin Musa ◽  
Monirul Islam ◽  
Romana Akter ◽  
Fahmida Sarker
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Alimentary Canal ◽  
Helminth Infection ◽  
Anas Platyrhynchos ◽  
Gallus Gallus ◽  
Helminth Parasites ◽  
Ascaridia Galli ◽  
Gastrointestinal Helminth ◽  
Peak Intensity ◽  
Different Parts

A comparative study was carried out to investigate the gastrointestinal helminth infection in domestic fowls Gallus gallus (30 specimens) and ducks Anas platyrhynchos (30 specimen). A total of 1610 helminth parasites of eight species from three taxonomic classes were recovered and identified from the different parts of alimentary canal. Among the parasitic group the cestodes were turned out to be predominant with a prevalence of 50.93% (820) whereas, the rate was 27.97% (450) and 21.19% (340) in nematodes and trematodes, respectively. The prevalence of parasites species were Ascaridia galli (80%), Echinostoma revolutum (73.33%), Raillientina echinobothrida (53.33%), Echinoparyphium recurvatum (53.33%), Cotugnia digonophora (50%), Amoebotaenia sphenoids (30%), Ascaridia hermaphoridita (43.33%) and Hymenolepis cantania (26.67%). The rate of infestation was higher (90%) in fowls than in ducks (80%) and the intensity of infections was slightly higher in ducks 31.67 (31.48 in domestic fowls). In both domestic fowls and ducks, cestode parasites were most dominant, and prevalence (83.33% and 16.80±4.31) and intensity were lower in fowls than in ducks (76.67% and 17.39 ± 4.2 2). Highest rate of infestation was observed in summer both in fowl (81.82%) and duck (70%) while, winter was associated with peak intensity of parasites in fowl (46.67) and in duck (44.28) observed in summer. The prevalence of parasites was higher in caecum of both domestic fowls and ducks. Bangladesh J. Zool. 49(1): 35-46, 2021

Nature and nurture: overcoming constraints on immunity

Parasitology ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 99 (S1) ◽  
pp. S21-S35 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Wakelin
Keyword(s):  
Cell Function ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Helminth Parasites ◽  
Genetic Characteristics ◽  
Development Of Resistance ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Genetically Determined ◽  
Induced Immunity

SUMMARYParasitic infections in man and domestic animals exhibit two striking characteristics (a) their prevalence is high, but infections are unequally distributed among individuals within populations and (b) immunity is often slow to develop and appears, at best, only partially effective. Recent immunological and epidemiological studies suggest that effective immunity can develop, but that high prevalence within populations reflects the operation, not only of socio-economic and climatic factors, or husbandry practices, but also of powerful environmentally induced constraints upon the development of resistance. Immunogenetic studies suggest the operation of additional constraints which reflect individual genetic characteristics, and which influence the ability to develop and express effective immunity. A full understanding of all constraints is necessary before levels of population and individual resistance to infection can be increased; the need for such understanding has become more pressing with the prospect that anti-parasite vaccines may become available. Two aspects of environmentally induced constraints are considered, those arising from nutritional inadequacies and those resulting from exposure to infection in early life. Both are discussed primarily in terms of helminth parasites. Genetically determined constraints are discussed with reference to MHC-restricted recognition of malarial peptide vaccines and in terms of Class II molecule-directed control of T-cell function inLeishmaniainfections. Genetic influences are also considered from the standpoint of inflammatory cell function, in immunity against intestinal nematodes and in vaccine-induced immunity againstSchistosoma. Finally, parasite-induced constraints, particularly those which down-regulate protective responses are discussed briefly.

Health status and lifestyle of the Oraon tea garden labourers of Jalpaiguri district, West Bengal

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subrata K. Roy ◽  
Tanaya Kundu Chowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Work Environment ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Physical Health Status ◽  
Health Lifestyles ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Medical Facilities ◽  
Tea Garden ◽  
Sufficient Food

This chapter looks at the health and lifestyle factors among tea garden labourers in West Bengal. Tea garden labourers enjoy access to some free facilities like education for children, medical facilities, piped drinking water, housing, and subsidised food. Yet they still suffer from several health problems. This might be due to insufficient or inadequately maintained facilities, poor lifestyles, or a mixture thereof. The chapter then focuses on the work environment, lifestyles, and physical health status of Oraon tea garden labourers of Jalpaiguri district, West Bengal. The results reveal that around 60 per cent of the labourers are underweight, despite reporting that they were getting sufficient food to eat. Poor hygienic practices may explain these results. Anaemia was also high for both sexes. Ultimately, the overall health condition of the labourers may be explained by the poor health lifestyles that they have adopted in response to their work environment.

Co-associations Between IL10 Genetic Variants, IL 10 Production And Helminth Infection In A Tropical Population Of Brazil With High Prevalence Of Asthma

2012 ◽  
Vol 129 (2) ◽  
pp. AB62
Author(s):  
C.A. Figueiredo ◽  
M.L. Barreto ◽  
N.M. Alcantara-Neves ◽  
P.J. Cooper ◽  
L.C. Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variants ◽  
Helminth Infection ◽  
High Prevalence

scholarly journals On the epidemiology of helminth parasites in Hangul Deer Cervus hanglu hanglu (Mammalia: Artiodactyla: Cervidae) of Dachigam National Park, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 17517-17520
Author(s):  
Naziya Khurshid ◽  
Hidayatullah Tak ◽  
Ruqeya Nazir ◽  
Kulsum Ahmad Bhat ◽  
Muniza Manzoor
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
National Park ◽  
Helminth Infection ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Helminth Parasites ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Dictyocaulus Viviparus ◽  
Dachigam National Park ◽  
One Year

A one-year study conducted to ascertain the prevalence and risk factors associated with helminth infection in Hangul Deer Cervus hanglu hanglu at Dachigam National Park revealed that 40.45% (89 of 220 samples) were infected with four helminth species including Heamonchus contortus, Trichuris ovis, Dictyocaulus viviparus, and Moneizia expansa.  The study signified that the infection was more prevalent during the dry season (summer and autumn) as compared to the wet season (winter and spring).  The overall prevalence of Heamonchus contortus was the highest (23.18%) followed by Trichuris ovis (8.18%), followed by Dictyocaulus viviparus (5.45%), and Moneizia expansa (3.63%).  The present study should be of importance in conserving the erstwhile state animal, listed as Critically Engendered in 2017 by IUCN.

STUDI NEMATODA PADA AYAM PETELUR (Gallus gallus) STRAIN ISA BROWN DI PETERNAKAN MANDIRI KELURAHAN TEGAL SARI, KECAMATAN GADING REJO, KAB. PRINGSEWU, LAMPUNG

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-27
Author(s):  
Rio Riski Ananda ◽  
Emantis Rosa ◽  
Gina Dania Pratami
Keyword(s):  
Gallus Gallus ◽  
Ascaridia Galli ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Heterakis Gallinarum ◽  
Syngamus Trachea

Ayam petelur merupakan ayam yang khusus dipelihara untuk diambil telurnya. Kandungan protein telur yang tinggi serta harganya yang terjangkau membuat ayam jenis petelur ini banyak dibudidayakan. Namun dalam pembudidayaannya masih sering terdapat kendala, salah satunya disebabkan oleh berbagai nematoda yang menyebabkan berbagai macam infeksi. Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan pada bulan April 2017 sampai bulan Juni 2017. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan di Peternakan mandiri, di Kelurahan Tegal Sari, Kecamatan Gading Rejo, Kabupaten Pringsewu, Provinsi Lampung dan identifikasi dilakukan di Balai Veteriner Lampung. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui jenis telur nematoda dan mengetahui nilai prevalensi parasit tersebut pada ayam.petelur. Metode pengambilan sampel yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah purposive sampling, yaitu mengambil sampel feses dari setiap kandang yang diduga terinfeksi nematoda sebanyak 100 sampel. Penghitugan jumlah telur parasit menggunakan uji Mc. Master. Hasil penelitian pada ayam strain ISA Brown ditemukan nematoda Ascaridia galli, Heterakis gallinarum dan Syngamus trachea. Nilai prevalensi serangan nematoda paling tinggi sebesar 43% oleh Ascaridia galli dan nilai prevalensi paling rendah sebesar 4% oleh Syngamus trachea.

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