scholarly journals Worldwide prevalence and risk factors for feline hyperthyroidism: A review

2014 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanne L. McLean ◽  
Remo G. Lobetti ◽  
Johan P. Schoeman
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Geographical Variation ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Thyroid Adenoma ◽  
Adenomatous Hyperplasia ◽  
Endocrine Disorder ◽  
Multiple Risk Factors ◽  
Published Evidence ◽  
Euthyroid Goitre

Since first reported in the late 1970s, there has been a steady but dramatic increase in the worldwide prevalence of hyperthyroidism in cats. It is now regarded as the most common feline endocrine disorder, with diabetes mellitus coming a close second. Not only is there evidence for an increased worldwide prevalence of feline hyperthyroidism, but also for geographical variation in the prevalence of the disease. Despite its frequency, the underlying cause(s) of this common disease is or are not known, and therefore prevention of the disease is not possible. Due to the multiple risk factors that have been described for feline hyperthyroidism, however, it is likely that more than one factor is involved in its pathogenesis. Continuous, lifelong exposure to environmental thyroid-disruptor chemicals or goitrogens in food or water, acting together or in an additive fashion, may lead to euthyroid goitre and ultimately to autonomous adenomatous hyperplasia, thyroid adenoma and hyperthyroidism. This review aims to summarise the available published evidence for the changes observed in the worldwide prevalence of the disease, as well as risk factors that may contribute to development of hyperthyroidism in susceptible cats.

Abstract P202: The Metabolic Syndrome and Shift Work Among firefighters in South Korea

Hypertension ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 70 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jee eun Choi ◽  
Mun-Joo Bae ◽  
Sungha Park ◽  
Ki-Soo Park ◽  
Changsoo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Shift Work ◽  
Work Group ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Multiple Risk Factors ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
History Of

Background/Aim: Multiple risk factors including dysipidemia, hypertension and hyperglycemia which cluster together are termed the metabolic syndrome. It means managing the metabolic syndrome is crucial to prevent cardiovascular disease (CVD). Several studies found that CVD is the common disease and the leading cause of on-duty death among firefighters. Although importance of understanding to investigate risk factors that causes CVD among firefighter has been emphasized, research about it is still behind. Thus, to understand risk factor of CVD among firefighters, this study was examined an association between metabolic syndrome and shift work among firefighters. Methods: A total of 257 men firefighters were included from Firefighter Research Enhancement of Safety & Heath (FRESH) cohort in Korea. No history of CV related disease including hypertension and diabetes were selected. Weight circumference, systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were measured. SBP and DBP were measured three times at interval of five minutes in resting and average of the three of SBP and DBP was used in this analysis. Fasting hyperglycaemia, Triglycerides and HDL cholesterol were analysed from blood sample collected from the participants. Metabolic syndrome, using the modified National Cholesterol Education Program (Adult Treatment Panel III) criteria, was defined. The information of shift works, smoking and alcohol consumption were self-reported from the participants and divided into three; no shift work, 24 hour shift work and 2 or 3 shifts works. To analysis the association between metabolic syndrome and shift works, logistic model was used, adjusting for age, BMI, smoking and alcohol. Results: 26 (10.1%) participants out of 257 were metabolic syndrome in the participants group. The unadjusted prevalence of the metabolic syndrome by shift works is 8.2% in no shift work group, 7.1% in 24 hour shift work group and 15.9% in 2 or 3 shifts work group. Adjusted Odds Ratio (OR) with 95% CI for 24 hours shift work was 1.51 [0.35 6.45] and 4.77 [1.08 20.9] for 3 shifts works. Conclusions: There is an association between metabolic syndrome and shift work in Korea firefighters, which implies shift work might be associated with CVD.

scholarly journals Incidence of delirium in postoperative patients treated with total knee and hip arthroplasty

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 248-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe de Santana Bosmak ◽  
Patrick Teller Gibim ◽  
Sandra Guimarães ◽  
Adriano Luiz Ammirati
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Hip Arthroplasty ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Postoperative Delirium ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Multiple Risk Factors ◽  
Total Knee ◽  
Knee And Hip Arthroplasty

Summary Introduction: Delirium is a common disorder that can potentiate mortality and comorbidity rates of patients hospitalized in intensive care units. Patients undergoing major orthopedic surgeries, such as knee and hip arthroplasty, are particularly vulnerable as they often have multiple risk factors for this disorder. Method: Descriptive study of the incidence of delirium in patients treated with total knee and hip arthroplasty, given the advanced age and comorbidities in this population. We evaluated the medical records of patients who had previously undergone the designated surgeries for identification of postoperative delirium. Results: We observed in this study an incidence of 8.92% of delirium, mostly affecting females with a mean age of 73 years and hypertension. Conclusion: The incidence of delirium in our study is similar to that observed in the general population, according to the literature. We found no correlation with sleep disorders, smoking or diabetes mellitus in this study, even though the importance of these factors for the onset of delirium is well-established in the literature.

scholarly journals Diabetes Mellitus: Insights from Epidemiology, Biochemistry, Risk Factors, Diagnosis, Complications and Comprehensive Management

Diabetology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 36-50
Author(s):  
Saruar Alam ◽  
Md. Kamrul Hasan ◽  
Sharif Neaz ◽  
Nazmul Hussain ◽  
Md. Faruk Hossain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Diabetes Education ◽  
Complex Interaction ◽  
Comprehensive Management ◽  
Multiple Risk Factors ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors

Diabetes mellitus has become a serious and chronic metabolic disorder that results from a complex interaction of genetic and environmental factors, principally characterized by hyperglycemia, polyuria, and polyphagia. Uncontrolled high blood sugar can result in a host of diabetic complications. Prolonged diabetes leads to serious complications some of which are life-threatening. The prevalence of diabetes patients is rising at epidemic proportions throughout the world. Every year, a major portion of the annual health budget is spent on diabetes and related illnesses. Multiple risk factors are involved in the etiopathogenesis of the disease and turning the disease into an epidemic. Diabetes, for which there is no cure, apparently can be kept under control by maintaining self-care in daily living, effective diabetes education, with comprehensive improvements in knowledge, attitudes, skills, and management. In this review, we focused on the biochemical aspects of diabetes, risk factors including both environmental and genetic, disease complications, diagnosis, management, and currently available medications for the treatment of diabetes.

scholarly journals A study of the risk factors of various arrhythmias in patients with coronary heart disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 1369
Author(s):  
Puneet Patil ◽  
Aamera Sait ◽  
Dilip Ratan Patil
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Av Block ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multiple Risk Factors ◽  
Multiple Risk

Background: Complications like arrhythmias, cardiac failure, cerebrovascular and mechanical complications. Among these complications, arrhythmias are the most common complication of acute myocardial infarction. The objective of this study was to study the risk factors of various arrhythmias in patients with coronary heart disease.Methods: Present study was a hospital based cross sectional study conducted at department of General Medicine of a tertiary care hospital for a period of two years among 102 patients. Detailed history, clinical examination, investigation was done. All patients were followed for one year to assess the outcome among them. All data was entered in the Microsoft Excel worksheet and analyzed using proportions.Results: Arrhythmias were more common with low ejection fraction (72.73%). The overall mortality was 7.84%. Ventricular fibrillation was seen in 50% of the patients who did not receive thrombolytic therapy. First-degree AV block and second-degree AV block were present in 6.25% and 7.50% respectively and did not affect the mortality while complete heart block was present in 8.75% and mortality rate of 28.57% with right ventricular involvement. Risk factors like smoking, alcohol, hypertension, diabetes mellitus and obesity had higher incidence of arrhythmias but was not found to have any statistical significance (p >0.05). However, patients having multiple risk factors strongly associated with the high mortality in statistically significant manner (p value 0.0006).Conclusions: Patients with risk factors like smoking, alcohol, hypertension, diabetes mellitus and obesity had higher incidence of arrhythmias. Multiple risk factors increase the incidence of both arrhythmias and mortality (67% mortality with 4 risk factors and 75% mortality with 5 risk factors).

scholarly journals Multiple risk factors for diabetes mellitus in patients with chronic pancreatitis: A multicentre study of 1117 cases

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 453-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Søren S Olesen ◽  
Jakob L Poulsen ◽  
Srdan Novovic ◽  
Camilla Nøjgaard ◽  
Evangelos Kalaitzakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Pancreatitis ◽  
Multicentre Study ◽  
Multiple Risk Factors ◽  
Multiple Risk

scholarly journals Relationship Between Number of Multiple Risk Factors and Coronary Artery Disease Risk With and Without Diabetes Mellitus

2019 ◽  
Vol 104 (11) ◽  
pp. 5084-5090 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayuko Yamada-Harada ◽  
Kazuya Fujihara ◽  
Taeko Osawa ◽  
Masahiko Yamamoto ◽  
Masanori Kaneko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Current Smoking ◽  
Composite Control ◽  
Multiple Risk Factors ◽  
Multiple Risk ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Cad Risk

Abstract Purpose To determine the degree of control of multiple risk factors under real-world conditions for coronary artery disease (CAD) according to the presence or absence of diabetes mellitus (DM) and to determine whether reaching multifactorial targets for blood pressure (BP), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), HbA1c, and current smoking is associated with lower risks for CAD. Methods We investigated the effects on subsequent CAD of the number of controlled risk factors among BP, LDL-C, HbA1c, and current smoking in a prospective cohort study using a nationwide claims database of 220,894 individuals in Japan. Cox regression examined risks over a 4.8-year follow-up. Results The largest percentage of participants had two risk factors at target in patients with DM (39.6%) and subjects without DM (36.4%). Compared with those who had two targets achieved, the risks of CAD among those who had any one and no target achieved were two and four times greater, respectively, regardless of the presence of DM. The effect of composite control was sufficient to bring CAD risk in patients with DM below that for subjects without DM with any two targets achieved, whereas the risk of CAD in the DM group with all four risk factors uncontrolled was 9.4 times more than in the non-DM group who had achieved two targets. Conclusions These findings show that composite control of modifiable risk factors has a large effect in patients with and without DM. The effect was sufficient to bring CAD risk in patients with DM below that in the non-DM group who had two targets achieved.

scholarly journals Mucormycosis complicating diabetes mellitus and COVID-19: a diagnostic and therapeutic threat

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 679
Author(s):  
Sophia Amalanathan ◽  
Kumaran Ramesh Colbert ◽  
Satish Kumar Chockalingam ◽  
Sankappa Pundalikappa Sinhasan ◽  
Chaitra Jadhav
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Orbital Cellulitis ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Complex Interplay ◽  
Multiple Risk Factors ◽  
Clinical Complications ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
The World

<p class="abstract">COVID-19 infections is known to have a multitude of clinical presentations, and newer clinical complications continue to be reported from all over the world. It is now widely known that the diabetic patients with poor glycemic control are associated with a higher risk of developing severe COVID-19 infection. They are also at a high risk for developing secondary bacterial or fungal, co infections because of the complex interplay of multiple risk factors , necessitating an intensive medical care and monitoring in them. We are presenting a case of mucormycosis in a diabetic patient with moderate COVID pneumonia that presented to us as orbital cellulitis and the events that followed. There have been very few documented cases of mucormycosis in COVID infected diabetic patients so far during this pandemic and we also present a literature review of the same.</p>

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