Evaluation of changes in brain activity and cognitive function of diabetic patients wearing removable partial dentures

Abstract Background We aimed to examine the effect of physical activity on different cognitive domains among patients with diabetes. Methods We used two waves of data from the Chinese Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS, 2013–2015), a nationally representative dataset of Chinese population aged over 45. Total physical activity scores were calculated based on the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Executive function and episodic memory were used as measures of cognitive function. We conducted lagged dependent variable models to explore the association between physical activity and cognitive function in full sample as well as two different age groups (45–65, ≥65). Results: 862 diabetic patients were included. We found that diabetic participants who had greater level of physical activity at baseline were associated with better episodic memory function in 2 years (p < 0.05). Moreover, physical activity was significantly associated with less decline in episodic memory in fully adjusted models, and the associations were stronger among patients aged 45–65 years (p < 0.05). No statistically significant association was found between physical activity and executive function in all age groups. Conclusions Physical activity may prevent some of the potential decline in episodic memory in diabetic patients. Clinicians and public health departments should strengthen the promotion of physical activity and develop early screening tools among diabetic participants to prevent the progression of cognitive impairment.

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Distinguishing hypochondriasis and schizophrenia using regional homogeneity: a resting-state fMRI study and support vector machine analysis

Acta Neuropsychiatrica ◽

10.1017/neu.2021.9 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-29

Author(s):

Kangyu Jin ◽

Zhe Shen ◽

Guoxun Feng ◽

Zhiyong Zhao ◽

Jing Lu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Function ◽

Resting State ◽

Parietal Lobe ◽

Brain Activity ◽

Resting State Fmri ◽

Brain Regions ◽

Regional Homogeneity ◽

Middle Temporal Gyrus ◽

Support Vector ◽

Fmri Study

Abstract Objective: A few former studies suggested there are partial overlaps in abnormal brain structure and cognitive function between Hypochondriasis (HS) and schizophrenia (SZ). But their differences in brain activity and cognitive function were unclear. Methods: 21 HS patients, 23 SZ patients, and 24 healthy controls (HC) underwent Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) with the regional homogeneity analysis (ReHo), subsequently exploring the relationship between ReHo value and cognitive functions. The support vector machines (SVM) were used on effectiveness evaluation of ReHo for differentiating HS from SZ. Results: Compared with HC, HS showed significantly increased ReHo values in right middle temporal gyrus (MTG), left inferior parietal lobe (IPL) and right fusiform gyrus (FG), while SZ showed increased ReHo in left insula, decreased ReHo values in right paracentral lobule. Additionally, HS showed significantly higher ReHo values in FG, MTG and left paracentral lobule but lower in insula than SZ. The higher ReHo values in insula were associated with worse performance in MCCB in HS group. SVM analysis showed a combination of the ReHo values in insula and FG was able to satisfactorily distinguish the HS and SZ patients. Conclusion: our results suggested the altered default mode network (DMN), of which abnormal spontaneous neural activity occurs in multiple brain regions, might play a key role in the pathogenesis of HS, and the resting-state alterations of insula closely related to cognitive dysfunction in HS. Furthermore, the combination of the ReHo in FG and insula was a relatively ideal indicator to distinguish HS from SZ.

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Relevance of the body mass index in the cognitive status of diabetic patients with different alcohol-drinking patterns

Archives of Biological Sciences ◽

10.2298/abs1401347t ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 66 (1) ◽

pp. 347-353

Author(s):

Serban Lacramioara ◽

Cristina Toarba ◽

Simona Hogas ◽

A. Covic ◽

A. Ciobica ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Function ◽

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Alcohol Drinking ◽

The Body ◽

Control Group ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Inverse Association ◽

Drinking Patterns ◽

Alcohol Drinking Patterns ◽

The Relationship

Nowadays the general relevance of alcohol consumption in diabetes is extremely controversial. There are recent reports that alcohol consumption could result in a decreased incidence of diabetes, as well as other studies demonstrating a positive association between alcohol consumption and type 2 diabetes; there are also reports arguing for an inverse association between the two or for no correlation at all. The different results obtained in these studies could be explained by the existence of several confounders that could influence the outcome of the aforementioned studies. In this paper, we studied the possible relevance of BMI as a confounder in the relationship between alcohol consumption in diabetes and cognitive function, by analyzing the correlations between BMI values in diabetic patients with different alcohol drinking patterns and the subdomains from some main psychometric tests, such as MMSE (Mini-Mental State Examination) and MOCA (Montreal Cognitive Assessment). Our results provide evidence for BMI as a possible confounder of the relationship between alcohol consumption in diabetes and cognitive function. We found a significant increase (p<0.0001) in BMI values in patients with diabetes compared to our control group. Most importantly, significant correlations between BMI parameters in alcohol-consuming diabetic patients and most of the subdomains for psychometric testing.

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A comparative study of impact on cognitive function between diabetic and non-diabetic patients in a tertiary care hospital

International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology ◽

10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20183021 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (8) ◽

pp. 1547

Author(s):

Dharnaben A. Patel ◽

Dhruv J. Patel ◽

N. D. Kantharia

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Function ◽

Cognitive Decline ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

The Body ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Proper Understanding ◽

History Of ◽

Control Of Diabetes ◽

The Brain

Background: Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia, polyuria, hyperlipidemia etc, resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action or both. It affects various organs of the body including the brain. Cognitive function is the thinking process of the brain. In any chronic disease evaluation of cognitive function is justified as it may affect various common day to day activities.Methods: It is a prospective, observational and non-interventional study. Thirty diabetic patients who were recently started on insulin i.e. within 7 days were enrolled in the study based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Thirty non diabetic healthy individuals served as a control. Cognitive function was accessed by Adenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination (ACE III) at the time of enrollment.Results: The results were analysed using paired t-test. Attention, Memory and Visiospatial ability was significantly reduced in diabetic patients compared to control. Verbal fluency and language was also reduced but the change was not significant. Total ACE III score was significantly reduced in diabetic patients compared to control.Conclusions: Cognitive function is significantly reduced in Diabetic patients recently started on insulin. Hyperglycemia could be the possible reason of cognitive decline. Proper understanding of the natural history of Diabetes and the pathogenesis of cognitive decline as well as control of Diabetes can help to prevent development of cognitive dysfunction.

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Severe Hypoglycemia Contributing to Cognitive Dysfunction in Diabetic Mice is Associated with Pericyte and Blood–Brain Barrier Dysfunction

10.21203/rs.3.rs-903076/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Lu Lin ◽

Lishan Huang ◽

Lijing Wang ◽

Yubin Wu ◽

Zhou Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Function ◽

Cognitive Dysfunction ◽

Blood Brain Barrier ◽

Severe Hypoglycemia ◽

Brain Barrier ◽

Blue Staining ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Inflammatory Factor ◽

Diabetic Mice ◽

Blood Brain

Abstract Background: Severe hypoglycemia can cause cognitive impairment in diabetic patients, but the underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear.Objective: To assess the effect of severe hypoglycemia on cognitive function in diabetic mice to clarify the relationship between the mechanism and dysfunction of pericytes and the blood–brain barrier (BBB).Method: We established type 1 diabetes mellitus in 80 male C57BL/6J mice by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (180 mg/kg). Further abdominal injection of short-acting insulin induced severe hypoglycemia. The mice were divided into normal, diabetes, and diabetic + severe hypoglycemia groups, and their blood glucose and general weight index were examined. Pericyte and BBB morphology and function were detected by histological and western blot analyses, BBB permeability was detected by Evans blue staining, and cognitive function was detected with the Morris water maze.Results: Severe hypoglycemia aggravated the histological damage, BBB damage, brain edema, and pericyte loss in the diabetic mice. It also reduced the expression of the BBB tight junction proteins occludin and claudin-5, the expression of the pericyte-specific markers PDGFR-β (platelet-derived growth factor receptor-β) and α-SMA, and increased the expression of the inflammatory factor MMP9. At the same time, diabetic mice with severe hypoglycemia had significantly reduced cognitive function.Conclusion: Severe hypoglycemia leads to cognitive dysfunction in diabetic mice, and its possible mechanism is related to pericyte dysfunction and BBB destruction.

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Metabolic parameters and cognitive function in a cohort of older diabetic patients

Aging Clinical and Experimental Research ◽

10.1007/s40520-015-0515-0 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 28 (6) ◽

pp. 1105-1112 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Anna Marie Herghelegiu ◽

Raluca Mihaela Nacu ◽

Gabriel Ioan Prada

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Function ◽

Metabolic Parameters ◽

Diabetic Patients

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Hypoglycemia and cognitive function in diabetic patients

Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome Clinical Research & Reviews ◽

10.1016/j.dsx.2018.05.011 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 12 (6) ◽

pp. 893-896 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Seyed Alireza Ebadi ◽

Parichehr Darvish ◽

Ali Jamshidi Fard ◽

Behnam Safarpour Lima ◽

Omid Gharoei Ahangar

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Function ◽

Diabetic Patients

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The Association Between Diabetes and Cognitive Function in Later Life

Current Aging Science ◽

10.2174/1874609812666190614104328 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 62-66

Author(s):

Yadollah A. Momtaz ◽

Tengku A. Hamid ◽

Mohamad F. Bagat ◽

Maryam Hazrati

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Cognitive Function ◽

Cognitive Decline ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Later Life ◽

Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Population Based ◽

Term Treatment ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Long Term Treatment

Introduction: Although diabetes through several possible mechanisms such as increased microvascular pathology and inefficiency of glucose utilization during cognitive tasks can be associated with cognitive impairment, there is inconclusive evidence that shows elderly diabetic patients under therapy have higher cognitive function compared to their non-diabetics counterparts. The present study was conducted to elucidate the association between diabetes and cognitive function in later life. Methods: Data for this study, consisting of 2202 older adults aged 60 years and above, were taken from a population-based survey entitled “Identifying Psychosocial and Identifying Economic Risk Factor of Cognitive Impairment among Elderly. Data analysis was conducted using the IBM SPSS Version 23.0. Results: The mean of MMSE was found to be 22.67 (SD = 4.93). The overall prevalence of selfreported diabetes was found to be 23.6% (CI95%: 21.8% - 25.4%). The result of independent t-test showed diabetic subjects had a higher mean score of MMSE (M = 23.05, SD =4 .55) than their counterparts without diabetes (M = 22.55, SD = 5.04) (t = -2.13 p<.05). The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that diabetes was not significantly associated with cognitive function, after controlling the possible confounding factors. Conclusions: The findings from the current study revealed that diabetes is not associated with cognitive decline. This study supports the findings that long-term treatment of diabetes may reduce the risk of cognitive decline. This finding may provide new opportunities for the prevention and management of cognitive decline.

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