Psychiatric Presentations Heralding Hashimoto’s Encephalopathy: A Systematic Review and Analysis of Cases Reported in Literature

ABSTRACTHashimoto’s encephalopathy (HE) may often present initially with psychiatric symptoms. These presentations are often variable in clinical aspects, and there has been no systematic analysis of the numerous psychiatric presentations heralding an eventual diagnosis of HE which will guide clinicians to make a correct diagnosis of HE. This systematic review was done to analyze the demographic characteristics, symptom typology, and clinical and treatment variables associated with such forerunner presentations. Electronic databases such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar databases were searched to identify potential case reports that described initial psychiatric presentations of HE in English language peer-reviewed journals. The generated articles were evaluated and relevant data were extracted using a structured tool. We identified a total of forty articles that described 46 cases. More than half of the total samples (54.4%) were above the age of 50 years at presentation. The most common psychiatric diagnosis heralding HE was acute psychosis (26.1%) followed by depressive disorders (23.9%). Dementia (10.9%) and schizophrenia (2.2%) were uncommon presentations. Antithyroid peroxidase antibodies were elevated in all patients but not antithyroglobulin antibodies. Preexisting hypothyroidism was absent in majority of cases (60.9%). Steroid doses initiated were 500–1000 mg of intravenous methylprednisolone for majority (52.1%) of patients while oral steroid maintenance was required for a significant minority (39.1%). Psychiatric manifestations of HE may be heterogeneous and require a high index of clinical suspicion, especially in older adults. A range of clinical and treatment variables may assist clinicians in making a faster diagnosis and instituting prompt and effective management.

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Ectopic adrenal tissue in the kidney: A systematic review

Archivio Italiano di Urologia e Andrologia ◽

10.4081/aiua.2021.4.481 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 93 (4) ◽

pp. 481-488

Author(s):

Davide De Marchi ◽

Alessandro Tafuri ◽

Guglielmo Mantica ◽

Aliasger Shakir ◽

Federico Scarfò ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

English Language ◽

Correct Diagnosis ◽

Rare Event ◽

Case Series ◽

Clinical Aspects ◽

Renal Neoplasm ◽

Adrenal Tissue ◽

Adrenal Rest ◽

Ectopic Adrenal Tissue

Introduction: Ectopic adrenal tissue in the kidney, including “Ectopic adrenal tissue” and “Adrenal-renal fusion”, is a rare event with a specific behavior which may be difficult to distinguish clinically from renal neoplasms. We performed a systematic review on ectopic adrenal tissue variants reported in the literature underlining its clinical aspects. Methods: Manuscripts which presented a case report or case series of ectopic adrenal tissue in the kidney were included even if published in original articles, reviews, or letters to the editor. A specific search on SCOPUS®, PubMed®, and Web of Science® database was performed. Only English language papers published in a period ranging between August 1991 and April 2020 were considered. Additionally, a case we had at our institution is described, and its characteristics are included. Data on clinical presentation, type of adrenal anomaly, location, anatomopathological and immune-histotype characteristics were collected. Results: We identified 888 manuscripts. Among these 29 were included in this systematic review. Overall, 39 patients with renal adrenal fusion or adrenal ectopia were considered. In most cases, the diagnosis was made incidentally, or following investigation for flank pain, abdominal pain, or endocrinological disorders. CT scan frequently identified a solid vascularized lesion that was difficult to distinguish from renal neoplasm. Adrenal fusion was mostly located at the level of the upper pole. Adrenal rest was found in the renal parenchyma, renal hilum, or retroperitoneum in close proximity to the renal peduncle. Often these ectopic adrenal tissue lesions follow a benign behavior and can be classified as functioning or non-functioning adenomas. Rarely, they may experience neoplastic degeneration. The most frequently positive markers were inhibin, vimentin, melan-A, synaptophysin and anti-p450 scc. Conclusions: Ectopic adrenal tissue in the kidney is a rare event with specific clinical characteristics that need to be identified in order to arrive at a correct diagnosis and carry out appropriate treatment management.

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Reticular erythematous mucinosis: Literature review and case report of a 24-year-old patient with systemic erythematosus lupus

Lupus ◽

10.1177/0961203320965702 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 096120332096570

Author(s):

Juliana P Ocanha-Xavier ◽

Camila O Cola-Senra ◽

Jose Candido C Xavier-Junior

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Case Report ◽

Literature Review ◽

English Language ◽

Case Reports ◽

Histopathological Diagnosis ◽

Skin Disorders ◽

Histopathological Findings ◽

Inflammatory Skin

Reticular erythematous mucinosis (REM) was first described 50 years ago, but only around 100 case reports in English have been published. Its relation with other inflammatory skin disorders is still being debated. We report a case of REM, including the clinical and histopathological findings. Also, a systematic review of 94 English-language reported cases is provided. The described criteria for clinical and histopathological diagnosis are highlighted in order to REM can be confidently diagnosed.

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Care of the Postpartum Patient in the Emergency Department: A Systematic Review with Implications for Maternal Mortality

American Journal of Perinatology ◽

10.1055/s-0041-1732455 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Kellie A. Mitchell ◽

Alison J. Haddock ◽

Hamad Husainy ◽

Lauren A. Walter ◽

Indranee Rajapreyar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Emergency Department ◽

Maternal Mortality ◽

Social Services ◽

Full Text ◽

Postpartum Period ◽

English Language ◽

Case Reports ◽

Private Insurance ◽

Maternal Deaths

Objective Approximately one-third of maternal deaths occur postpartum. Little is known about the intersection between the postpartum period, emergency department (ED) use, and opportunities to reduce maternal mortality. The primary objectives of this systematic review are to explore the incidence of postpartum ED use, identify postpartum disease states that are evaluated in the ED, and summarize postpartum ED use by race/ethnicity and payor source. Study Design We searched PubMed, Embase, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), ClinicalTrials.gov, Cochrane CENTRAL, Social Services Abstracts, and Scopus from inception to September 19, 2019. Each identified abstract was screened by two authors; the full-text manuscripts of all studies deemed to be potential candidates were then reviewed by the same two authors and included if they were full-text, peer-reviewed articles in the English language with primary patient data reporting care of a female in the ED in the postpartum period, defined as up to 1 year after the end of pregnancy. Results A total of 620 were screened, 354 records were excluded and 266 full-text articles were reviewed. Of the 266 full-text articles, 178 were included in the systematic review; of these, 108 were case reports. Incidence of ED use by postpartum females varied from 4.8 to 12.2% in the general population. Infection was the most common reason for postpartum ED evaluation. Young females of minority race and those with public insurance were more likely than whites and those with private insurance to use the ED. Conclusion As many as 12% of postpartum women seek care in the ED. Young minority women of lower socioeconomic status are more likely to use the ED. Since approximately one-third of maternal deaths occur in the postpartum period, successful efforts to reduce maternal mortality must include ED stakeholders. Systematic Review Registration CRD42020151126. Key Points

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Neurosurgical Treatment for Drug Addiction: Systematic Review

Arquivos Brasileiros de Neurocirurgia Brazilian Neurosurgery ◽

10.1055/s-0040-1702976 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 39 (02) ◽

pp. 116-124

Author(s):

Patrícia Leonardo Magalhães dos Santos ◽

Rafaella Oliveira Curti ◽

Ledismar José da Silva

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Drug Addiction ◽

Psychiatric Symptoms ◽

Case Reports ◽

Scientific Investigations ◽

High Refractoriness ◽

The Social ◽

Neurosurgical Treatment ◽

Promising Treatment ◽

Substance Related Disorders

AbstractSubstance-related disorders are psychiatric conditions that have a worldwide impact. Their multifactorial cycle has been treated pharmacologically and with therapeutic support. However, high refractoriness rates and difficulty to control relapses are among the pitfalls associated with these disorders. Thus, recent studies have shown that deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a promising treatment, with a direct intervention in the neurocircuitry of addiction. The results of the present systematic review of the use of DBS for the treatment of drug addiction show that this surgical procedure can reduce the desire for the drug, and, in some cases, establish abstinence, improve psychiatric symptoms related to mood and quality of life, and reintroduce the patient into the social and family environments. Nevertheless, this approach is still limited to the academic realm, based mainly on case reports, with ethics and therapeutic protocols still to be defined. Further in-depth scientific investigations are required to recommend its clinical application.

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Oral Manifestations in Patients with COVID-19: A Living Systematic Review

Journal of Dental Research ◽

10.1177/0022034520957289 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 002203452095728 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

J. Amorim dos Santos ◽

A.G.C. Normando ◽

R.L. Carvalho da Silva ◽

A.C. Acevedo ◽

G. De Luca Canto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Case Reports ◽

Signs And Symptoms ◽

Clinical Aspects ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Oral Manifestation ◽

Oral Mucosal Lesions ◽

Taste Disorders ◽

Mucosal Lesions ◽

Erythematous Plaques

This living systematic review aims to summarize evidence on the prevalence of oral signs and symptoms in patients with COVID-19. The review was reported per the PRISMA checklist, and the literature search was conducted in 6 databases and in gray literature. Studies published in any language mentioning oral symptoms and signs in patients with COVID-19 were included. The risk of bias was assessed by the Joanna Briggs Institute appraisal tools. The certainty of evidence was evaluated through GRADE assessment. After a 2-step selection, 40 studies were included: 33 cross-sectional and 7 case reports. Overall, 10,228 patients (4,288 males, 5,770 females, and 170 unknown) from 19 countries were assessed. Gustatory impairment was the most common oral manifestation, with a prevalence of 45% (95% CI, 34% to 55%; I2 = 99%). The pooled eligible data for different taste disorders were 38% for dysgeusia and 35% for hypogeusia, while ageusia had a prevalence of 24%. Taste disorders were associated with COVID-19 (odds ratio [OR], 12.68; 95% CI, 6.41 to 25.10; I2 = 63%; P < 0.00001), mild/moderate severity (OR, 2.09; 95% CI, 1.25 to 3.49; I2 = 66%; P = 0.005), and female patients (OR, 1.64; 95% CI, 1.23 to 2.17; I2 = 70%; P = 0.0007). Oral mucosal lesions presented multiple clinical aspects, including white and erythematous plaques, irregular ulcers, small blisters, petechiae, and desquamative gingivitis. Tongue, palate, lips, gingiva, and buccal mucosa were affected. In mild cases, oral mucosal lesions developed before or at the same time as the initial respiratory symptoms; however, in those who required medication and hospitalization, the lesions developed approximately 7 to 24 d after onset symptoms. Therefore, taste disorders may be common symptoms in patients with COVID-19 and should be considered in the scope of the disease’s onset and progression. Oral mucosal lesions are more likely to present as coinfections and secondary manifestations with multiple clinical aspects (PROSPERO CRD42020184468).

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Oral Health and Molecular Aspects of Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma Patients: A Systematic Review of the Literature

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17041426 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (4) ◽

pp. 1426

Author(s):

Khrystyna Zhurakivska ◽

Giuseppe Troiano ◽

Marco Montella ◽

Lorenzo Lo Muzio ◽

Luca Fiorillo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Soft Tissue ◽

Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma ◽

Soft Tissues ◽

Fibrous Histiocytoma ◽

Case Reports ◽

Soft Tissue Sarcomas ◽

Clinical Aspects ◽

Risk Of Death ◽

Short Period

Malignant fibrous histiocytoma is one of the most common soft tissue sarcomas in adults. It occurs only occasionally in oral soft tissues, and knowledge about its characteristics is based on a limited number of cases reported in the literature. Malignant fibrous histiocytoma belongs to the group of soft tissue sarcomas and makes up less than 10% of soft tissue sarcomas. For therapeutic purposes, complete exeresis of the lesion (macroscopic and microscopic) is performed because they have frequent recurrences. As for complementary therapy in addition to surgery, neither radiotherapy nor chemotherapy have been shown to reduce the risk of death related to the disease. Often patients complain of a swelling that grows in a short period of time. It is quite common for patients to report trauma in the area, which is not the cause, but rather the event that allows diagnosis. The mass usually does not cause pain unless it compresses an adjacent nerve structure. The aim of this study is to systematically review the scientific literature in order to identify the most recent studies concerning malignant fibrous histiocytomas localized in oral soft tissues and report their main data. The main outcomes of this study concern the immunohistochemical, molecular, and clinical aspects of this pathology. A systematic review of articles in the electronic databases pubmed, Scopus, and Web of Science was performed. After the selection process, 11 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. The mean age of the patients was 50.8 years old. The lesions affected various parts of the oral cavity, showing predominantly storiform–pleomorphic patterns. All cases except one were treated with surgical resection and radiation therapy. Although some data emerged from this review, they remain limited to a few case reports. Further studies are necessary in order to standardize the approach to patients affected by oral malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH).

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A Systematic Review of Social Media Integration to Teach Speaking

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13169047 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (16) ◽

pp. 9047

Author(s):

Emily John ◽

Melor Md Yunus

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Social Media ◽

Teaching And Learning ◽

English Language ◽

Selection Process ◽

Systematic Analysis ◽

Social Media Platforms ◽

Use Of Social Media ◽

Meta Analyses ◽

Speaking Skills

The ubiquitous nature of social media (SM) makes it a very essential tool to use in the world of education, especially with the advent of the COVID-19 pandemic which has led to a paradigm shift in the approaches used in the teaching and learning of English language skills. This review focuses on the use of social media as a medium of instruction to aid the acquisition of speaking skills, which many learners find extremely challenging and inhibiting. Thus, this systematic review investigates the integration of social media in the teaching and learning of speaking skills. To ensure the systematic analysis of the selected articles, Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines were utilized. A total of 36 peer-reviewed journal articles from the year 2016 to 2021 were accessed from two databases: ERIC and Google Scholar. Prior to the start of the review, an inclusion and exclusion criteria selection process was conducted to ensure the focus of the review. Overall, the articles reviewed presented the claim that the integration of social media is seen as a positive inclusion for the teaching of speaking skills using various social media applications. Findings reveal that there are improvements in speaking skills, as well as confidence to speak and a decline in speaking anxiety. Teachers and educators can now make use of the various social media platforms such as Telegram, Facebook, WhatsApp, and others to provide learners with more practice that is not only restricted to the classroom but has moved beyond it.

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Information Registry System on Congenital Hypothyroidism: A Systematic Review

Journal of Pediatrics Review ◽

10.32598/jpr.9.3.939.1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 197-208

Author(s):

Morteza Ghasempour ◽

◽

Hamideh Ehtesham ◽

Nooshin Rostampou ◽

Shahram Tahmasbian ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Congenital Hypothyroidism ◽

English Language ◽

Screening Program ◽

Case Reports ◽

Endocrine System ◽

National Registry ◽

Current Status ◽

Letters To The Editor ◽

Other Information

Background: Congenital hypothyroidism is the most common congenital disorder of the endocrine system, leading to preventable mental retardation. Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the current status of congenital hypothyroidism information registry systems. Methods: In this systematic review 290 papers identified. A total of 254 articles were screened, of which 17 qualified articles were selected through the databases of Scopus, science direct ProQuest, PubMed, as well as the search engine Google scholar (no restriction on date of publication) up to 2020, were searched. Inclusion criteria were the Articles with the English language that examining information registry systems on congenital hypothyroidism. Articles whose full texts were not accessible, case reports, and letters to the editor had to be excluded. Results: This study showed that the primary goal of nearly half (50%) of the information registry systems for congenital hypothyroidism is to evaluate the efficiency and effectiveness of the screening program. Other information registry systems for congenital hypothyroidism have examined the epidemiology of the disease in 4 studies (23.6%), monitoring iodine deficiency in 3 studies (18%), surveillance disease in 1 study (6%), and describing the clinical and familial features of the patient in 1 study (6%). Conclusions: Few studies have been done on developing information registry systems, and most studies have focused on the use of information systems in this field. Further comprehensive reviews are recommended to investigate the infrastructure of the commission national registry and world network to record information units on congenital hypothyroidism.

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Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Diseases in Morocco: A Systematic Review

The Review of Diabetic Studies ◽

10.1900/rds.2021.17.57 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 57-67

Author(s):

Rida Elyamani ◽

Abdelmajid Soulaymani ◽

Hind Hami

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Cardiovascular Diseases ◽

English Language ◽

Local Population ◽

Treatment Strategies ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

High Rate ◽

Systematic Analysis ◽

Moroccan Population

OBJECTIVE: To provide a systematic review of studies on cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and their risk factors in the Moroccan population. METHODS: A systematic analysis was performed based on PRISMA guidelines by retrieving data bases (Medline, Embase, and other) using technical keywords in addition to manual research on official websites. Published studies in the English or French language, conducted in Morocco or concerning the Moroccan population within the last two decades, were identified. RESULTS: This is the first systematic review of CVD in Morocco. Data from 159 studies were retrieved and analyzed. Most studies were written in the English language (75.89%) and published between 2010 and 2019 (85.47%). The mortality rate caused by CVD in Morocco has reached 38%, with ischemic heart disease and stroke as the main events causing death (31.0% and 22.5% respectively). The risk factors present in the population studied were headed by tobacco smoking (45- 50%), followed by physical inactivity (21.1%), elevated rate of hypertension (25.3%), and depression (5.47%). Impacted by a high rate of illiteracy and poverty and an unprepared health care system in Morocco, these numbers are expected to increase over the next decade. CONCLUSIONS: Based on these alarming incidences, investment in scientific research and epidemiological studies should be increased to determine the needs of the local population. The available evidence shows that the risk of cardiovascular disease and the associated mortality is very high in Morocco and will rise in the next years prospectively, which calls for urgent multi-sectorial approaches and treatment strategies.

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Incidence of metastasis in circumflex iliac nodes in patients with cervical cancer: a systematic review

International Journal of Gynecological Cancer ◽

10.1136/ijgc-2021-003005 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. ijgc-2021-003005

Author(s):

David Viveros-Carreño ◽

Juliana Rodriguez ◽

Rene Pareja

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Cervical Cancer ◽

Lymph Node ◽

English Language ◽

Early Stage ◽

Case Reports ◽

Pelvic Lymphadenectomy ◽

Positive Lymph Node ◽

Cochrane Central Register ◽

Early Stage Disease

ObjectiveThe circumflex iliac nodes distal to the external iliac nodes are frequently removed when bilateral pelvic lymphadenectomy is performed in patients with cervical cancer. The objective of this systematic review was to assess the incidence of metastasis in the circumflex iliac nodes in patients with cervical cancer.MethodsPubMed/Medline, ClinicalTrials, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Scopus, and Ovid databases were searched from inception to May 2021. We included articles published in English language reporting all types of studies, except for case reports and commentaries. Abstracts and unpublished studies were excluded. The inclusion criteria were diagnosis of cervical cancer, FIGO 2009 stages IA–IIB, squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma or adenosquamous carcinoma, and primary surgery including pelvic lymph node dissection.ResultsA total of 3037 articles were identified. Overall, 1165 eligible patients from four studies were included in the analysis. A total of 696 (59.7%) patients had early-stage disease (FIGO 2009 stages IA, IB1, IIA1). The median number of extracted circumflex iliac nodes, which was reported in two studies, was one (range not reported) and three (range 1–13). The positive lymph node rate for the entire population and circumflex iliac node involvement were 26.9% and 3.1%, respectively. Isolated metastases were reported for 904 patients (three studies) and in one patient nodal spread was detected (0.11%).ConclusionThe rate of isolated metastases in circumflex iliac nodes is small and excision of these lymph nodes as part of routine lymphadenectomy should be avoided.

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