GROWTH RESPONSES OF CHICKS FED FABABEAN DIETS

1980 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 433-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. E. GARDINER ◽  
S. DUBETZ ◽  
G. A. KEMP
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Protein Body ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
High Body ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Isocaloric Diets

Fababeans (Vicia faba L.) were fed to broiler chicks from 1 to 28 days of age in four experiments. In experiment 1, where fababeans were the sole source of supplementary protein, body weights (ranging from 465 to 571 g) and feed-to-grain ratios differed significantly among cultivars (Maris Bead, Strubes, Pavane, Diana, Ackerperle, Fioletowy, and Kleinkoernige) but none of the fababean diets equalled the soybean meal diet. In experiment 2, supplementary protein source (soybean meal and fababean), dietary protein level (18 and 22%), methionine level (0.0 and 0.3, added), and lysine level (0.0 and 0.3, added) significantly affected body weights of chicks. Significant first-order interactions were obtained but in no case were the weights of chicks fed fababean diets equal to those fed soybean meal diets. In experiment 3, where fababeans were used to supply 25% of the 22% protein in the diets, there were no significant differences in chick weights among fababean cultivars or among the cultivars grown under different N treatments. Fababeans supported rapid weight gains (701 g) but did not equal soybean meal diets (761 g). In experiment 4, where isocaloric diets of two energy levels were used, fababeans at 20 or 40% of the diet supported as high body weights as soybean meal diets in the low energy diets. In the high energy diets, 20% fababeans also supported as high body weights as soybean meal but the 40% fababean diets did not. In none of the experiments where the diets contained fababeans was the feed-to-gain equal to that of the diets that contained only soybean meal as the protein supplement.

Ubiquinol supplementation on energy metabolism and oxidative stress in broiler chicken

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Gopi ◽  
M. R. Purushothaman ◽  
R. Dhinesh Kumar ◽  
G. Prabakar ◽  
D. Chandrasekaran
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
And Oxidative Stress ◽  
Altered Lipid

Study was carried out to assess supplemental effects of dietary reduced ubiquinol (rCoQ10) on lipid profile and serum antioxidant activity in broiler chicks fed diets with three energy levels. 270 broiler chicks divided into nine groups (3 energy levels x 3 levels of rCoQ10) with three replicates. Birds were fed with basal energy (BE), low energy (BE-100 (kcal)) and high energy (BE+100 (kcal.kg-1) feed) and rCoQ10 at 0, 20 and 40ppm. Broiler chicks were distributed in completely randomized design and reared for 42d and at end of study, serum and muscle samples were collected for antioxidant activities, lipid contents. The activity of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, reduced glutathione, vitamin E were increased and serum malonaldehyde, total, LDL-cholesterol as well as muscle cholesterol were reduced by intake of rCoQ10. The consumption of rCoQ10 improved muscle oxidative stability than the control. Ubiquinol at 20ppm favourably altered lipid profile with reduced lipid peroxidation and improved serum antioxidants activities.

COMPARISON OF TOWER RAPESEED MEAL AND SOYBEAN MEAL IN DIETS BASED ON CONVENTIONAL AND HIGH-PROTEIN WHEAT WITH AND WITHOUT SUPPLEMENTAL LYSINE FOR BROILER CHICKS

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 311-314
Author(s):  
E. E. GARDINER ◽  
S. DUBETZ
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Gain Ratio ◽  
Equal Energy ◽  
Body Weights

Body weights and feed-to-gain ratios of chicks fed diets that contained Tower rapeseed meal or soybean meal with conventional (13.5%) or high-protein (21.0%) wheats with and without supplemental lysine were compared. High-protein wheat-rapeseed meal diets required lysine supplementation for optimal gain, whereas conventional protein wheat-rapeseed meal diets did not. However, with equal energy in the diets, the rapeseed meal diets did not support as low a feed-to-gain ratio as the soybean meal diets. Key words: broiler chicks, diets, rapeseed meal, soybean meal, wheat, lysine

ENERGY: PROTEIN RELATIONSHIPS IN THE DIETS OF GROWING MINK

1964 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 733-744 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilyn R. Pearcey Allen ◽  
E. V. Evans ◽  
I. R. Sibbald
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Major Effect ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Percent Protein ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Survival And Growth

The apparent digestibility coefficients for energy and protein and the growth responses from weaning to the age of 28 weeks were studied in male and female standard dark mink receiving diets varying in crude protein and gross energy content. Diets containing 16% of crude protein and gross energy at levels of 4.5, 5.6, and 6.7 Cal/g of dry matter were inadequate for survival and growth of weanling mink of either sex. The protein of diets containing either 22% or 28% of crude protein was digested better by males than by females; the digestibility of protein from these rations by males was greater at 21 weeks than at 11 weeks of age, but no such effect of age was found with females. Mature body weights and body lengths of male mink increased as the ratio of apparent digestible energy (A.D.E.) to apparent digestible protein (A.D.P.) was reduced from 34 to 12 (Cal per 100 g/percent protein), the major effect occurring prior to the age of 16 weeks. The A.D.E.:A.D.P. ratios affected the performances of female mink to a lesser degree than those of male mink. Diets containing gross energy at levels below 4.9 Cal/g of dry matter did not support optimum growth of males, but gross energy levels at least as low as 4.5 Cal/g of dry matter appeared to be satisfactory for the growth of females.

scholarly journals The Use of Lasers in Dental Materials: A Review

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3370
Author(s):  
Emmanouil-George C. Tzanakakis ◽  
Evangelos Skoulas ◽  
Eudoxie Pepelassi ◽  
Petros Koidis ◽  
Ioannis G. Tzoutzas
Keyword(s):  
Energy Levels ◽  
Dental Materials ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Zirconia Ceramics ◽  
Material Management ◽  
Laboratory Procedures ◽  
Laser Devices ◽  
Exact Point

Lasers have been well integrated in clinical dentistry for the last two decades, providing clinical alternatives in the management of both soft and hard tissues with an expanding use in the field of dental materials. One of their main advantages is that they can deliver very low to very high concentrated power at an exact point on any substrate by all possible means. The aim of this review is to thoroughly analyze the use of lasers in the processing of dental materials and to enlighten the new trends in laser technology focused on dental material management. New approaches for the elaboration of dental materials that require high energy levels and delicate processing, such as metals, ceramics, and resins are provided, while time consuming laboratory procedures, such as cutting restorative materials, welding, and sintering are facilitated. In addition, surface characteristics of titanium alloys and high strength ceramics can be altered. Finally, the potential of lasers to increase the adhesion of zirconia ceramics to different substrates has been tested for all laser devices, including a new ultrafast generation of lasers.

scholarly journals 170 Energy values and digestibility of amino acids in dried yeast and soybean meal fed to pigs

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 61-61
Author(s):  
Chan Sol Park ◽  
Ayodeji S Aderibigbe ◽  
Gary Hayen ◽  
Olayiwola Adeola
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Canola Meal ◽  
Ileal Digestibility ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Blocking Factors

Abstract Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the digestible energy (DE), metabolizable energy (ME), and standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of amino acids (AA) in dried yeast (DY) and soybean meal (SBM) fed to pigs. In Exp. 1, 30 barrows with an initial body weight (BW) of 20.7 ± 1.01 were assigned to 5 diets in a randomized complete block design with period and BW as blocking factors. A basal diet was prepared to contain corn, canola meal, and soybean oil as energy-contributing ingredients. Four additional diets were prepared by adding 5 or 10 g/kg DY or SBM at the expense of energy-contributing ingredients in the basal diet to estimate the DE and ME in test ingredients by regression analysis. On a dry matter basis, estimated DE and ME in DY were 4,022 and 3,352 kcal/kg, respectively, and those in SBM were 3,876 and 3,601kcal/kg, respectively. There was no difference in estimated DE or ME between DY and SBM. In Exp. 2, 21 barrows (initial BW = 20.0 ± 1.31 kg) surgically fitted with T-cannulas at the distal ileum were assigned to 3 diets in a randomized complete block design with BW as a blocking factor. Two diets were prepared to contain DY or SBM as the sole source of nitrogen, and a nitrogen-free diet was prepared to determine the basal ileal endogenous losses of AA. The SID of AA, except for Gly and Pro, in SBM were greater (P < 0.05) than in DY. The SID of indispensable AA in DY ranged from 64.7% for Thr to 86.1% for Arg, whereas those in SBM ranged from 84.8% for Thr to 92.3% for Arg. In conclusion, energy values in DY was comparable with SBM, but the SID of most AA in DY were less than in SBM.

PSVI-13 Amino Acid Supplementation During the Adaptation Period Did Not Affect the Standardized Ileal Digestibility of Amino Acids in Corn and Soybean Meal Fed to Pigs

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 200-201
Author(s):  
Hyunjun Choi ◽  
Sun Jong You ◽  
Beob Gyun G Kim
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
Adaptation Period ◽  
Amino Acid Supplementation ◽  
Ileal Digestibility ◽  
Indispensable Amino Acids ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Abstract The objective was to determine the influence of amino acid (AA) supplementation during the adaptation period on the ileal digestibility of crude protein and AA in corn and soybean meal (SBM). Six barrows with an initial body weight of 30.9 ± 2.6 kg fitted with a T-cannula in the distal ileum were assigned to a 6 × 6 Latin square design with 6 dietary treatments and 6 periods. Two experimental diets contained corn or SBM as the sole source of AA and an N-free diet was additionally prepared. For AA supplementation groups, an AA mixture consisted of Gly, Lys, Met, Thr, Trp, Ile, Val, His, and Phe was added to the corn diet and the N-free diet at the expense of cornstarch, and an AA mixture of Lys, Met, and Thr was added to the SBM diet. All diets contained 0.5% of chromic oxide. The 6 experimental diets were fed to the pigs for 4 and half days, and the 3 diets containing AA mixture were switched to the respective diets without AA mixture during the following 2 and half days. Ileal digesta were collected during the last 2 days. The addition of AA mixture during the adaptation period caused increased apparent ileal digestibility of Arg and Trp in corn (P < 0.05), but did not affect that in SBM. The addition of AA mixture during the adaptation period caused increased apparent ileal digestibility of Pro and Gly regardless of feed ingredient (P < 0.05), but did not affect that of other AA. All AA except Pro in corn and SBM were unaffected by the addition of AA mixture during the adaptation period. In conclusion, the addition of amino acid during the adaptation period does not affect the standardized ileal digestibility of indispensable amino acids in feed ingredients.

Effects of dietary energy levels on ovarian and uterine expression of IGF-1R and EGFR mRNA in prepubertal gilts

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-164
Author(s):  
Li Bo ◽  
Zhang He ◽  
Zhang Jing ◽  
Sun Bo-Xing ◽  
Chen Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Access To Water ◽  
Moderate Energy ◽  
Epidermal Growth

AbstractNine prepubertal gilts (JunMu No. 1) were randomly allocated into three groups (n=3) and fed with a high-energy diet (Group H), a low-energy diet (Group L), or a moderate-energy diet (Group M) for 14 days. Free access to water was provided throughout the research period. Ovaries and uteri were collected after the energy treatments, and processed for determination of the absolute quantities of insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-1R) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mRNA, using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The expression of IGF-1R and EGFR mRNA in ovaries and uteri was significantly ranked as: Group H>Group M>Group L (P<0.05). This result suggests that high energy intake markedly enhanced the ovarian and uterine expression of IGF-1R and EGFR in prepubertal gilts, whereas insufficient energy intake markedly inhibited such expression. IGF-1R and EGFR may be involved in mediating the effects of energy intake on the development of the reproductive system in prepubertal gilts.

scholarly journals Effects of oligosaccharides in a soybean meal-based diet on fermentative and immune responses in broiler chicks challenged with Eimeria acervulina

2012 ◽  
Vol 91 (12) ◽  
pp. 3132-3140 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.A. Faber ◽  
R.N. Dilger ◽  
A.C. Hopkins ◽  
N.P. Price ◽  
G.C. Fahey
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Eimeria Acervulina

EMPTY BODY WEIGHTS, CARCASS WEIGHTS AND OFFAL PROPORTIONS IN BULLS AND STEERS OF DIFFERENT MATURE SIZE

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. D. M. JONES ◽  
R. E. ROMPALA ◽  
J. W. WILTON ◽  
C. H. WATSON
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Small Animals ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Breed Crosses ◽  
Large Animals ◽  
Animal Size

Empty body weights, carcass weights and offal proportions were compared in 33 young beef bulls and 33 beef steers of different mature body size (35 small or mainly British breed crosses, 31 large or Continental crosses). All cattle were fed a high energy diet based on corn silage and high moisture corn from weaning to slaughter. Slaughter was carried out once 6 mm of fat had been attained at the 11/12th ribs, determined ultrasonically. Feed was removed 24 h and water 16 h prior to slaughter. The offal components were all weighed fresh and the alimentary components emptied of digesta. Bulls weighed 8.0% heavier (P < 0.05) than steers at slaughter, while large animals were 38.7% heavier (P < 0.0001) than small animals. Bulls and large animals had carcasses that dressed out 1.5% heavier than steers and small animals. To eliminate the effect of gutfill, carcass weights and offal components were expressed as a proportion of empty body weight. Bulls had a higher proportion of warm carcass weight and lower proportions of liver, spleen, heart, lungs, rumen, abomasum, large intestine and front feet relative to empty body weight than steers. Large animals had a greater proportion of warm carcass weight and hind feet, and a lower proportion of head, hide, liver, kidneys, omasum and small intestine relative to empty body weight than small animals. All castration by size interactions for liveweight, carcass weight, empty body weight and offal proportions were not significant. Castration and small animal size both increased the proportion of noncarcass parts relative to empty body weight in animals slaughtered at similar finish. Key words: Body, carcass, offal, bull, steer, maturity

Growth responses in red deer hinds from 16-24 months of age when fed two energy levels during their second winter

1998 ◽  
Vol 1998 ◽  
pp. 141-141
Author(s):  
M H Davies ◽  
D W Deakin
Keyword(s):  
Growth Response ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Feeding Regimes ◽  
Cost Of Production ◽  
Red Meats

It is important that venison competes with other red meats in efficiency and cost of production. The growth responses of farmed red deer during the first 15-18 months of life have been well defined under a wide range of feeding and daylength regimes (Davies, 1995). However there is a need to examine less intensive systems of production which aim to maximise growth from grazed grass, following various growth-restriction feeding regimes during winter. The objective of this experiment was to quantify the growth response in 16-24 month old hinds fed two contrasting feeding regimes during their second winter, followed by a period at pasture.

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