VOMITOXIN-CONTAMINATED WHEAT IN PIG DIETS: PREGNANT AND LACTATING GILTS AND WEANERS

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 717-723 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. R. CHAVEZ
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Complete Diet ◽  
Feeding Trials ◽  
Weanling Piglets ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Feeding trials were conducted to evaluate the effect of including vomitoxin-contaminated wheat (VCW) containing 6.9 mg vomitoxin per kilogram in the complete diet of gilts during gestation and lactation (3 wk) and in the initial diet of weanling pigs up to approximately 23 kg liveweight. Four groups of four littermate gilts were assigned to four dietary treatments (one littermate per treatment) as follows: (1) control with 69% clean wheat (CW) in the diet with 16% crude protein; (2) 1/3 replacement of the CW with VCW; (3) 2/3 replacement of the CW with VCW; and (4) 100% replacement of the CW with the VCW. During gestation gilts were fed 2.3 kg/day of the diet in two meals, and the same diet ad libitum during lactation. The level of vomitoxin (VT) did not have any detrimental effect on body weight change of the gilt during gestation and after farrowing. Ad libitum feed consumption of the gilts during lactation was not significantly different among treatments. Litter size and weight at birth and at weaning time was not affected by the level of VT intake during gestation. One hundred and four weanling piglets (56 males and 48 females) weighing approximately 7.0 kg each were included in an 8-wk feeding trial. Four dietary treatments, including the control diet (treatment 1), contained 73.2% CW and 22% crude protein, and treatments 2, 3 and 4 in which VCW replaced 1/3, 2/3 and 100% CW, respectively. A significant (P < 0.05) reduction in body weight gain in the 8-wk period was observed only when 100% of the cereal included in the diet was VCW. This effect was due to a significant reduction in feed consumption of the piglets. Thus, feed efficiency was not affected by the level of VT content of the diet. Key words: Vomitoxin, reproduction, weaners, wheat

scholarly journals Effects of Replacing Groundnut Cake with Blood Vegetable Waste Meal in the Diets of Weaner Rabbits

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Adedayo Abiodun Adeniji
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Vegetable Waste ◽  
Gain Ratio ◽  
Groundnut Cake ◽  
Ad Libitum

A total of seventy-two weaner rabbits of eight weeks of age were used to assess the effects of replacing groundnut cake (GNC) with blood vegetable waste meal (BVWM) in the diets of rabbits. The BVWM was fed to replace dietary GNC at 0, 15, 30, and 45%, with GNC being 15% in the control diet. The four experimental diets were fed ad libitum for a period of eight weeks. BVWM was analyzed to contain a crude protein value of 62.35%. There were comparable feed intake values by rabbits on all the diets although the rabbits in the higher replacement levels of BVWM tended to have consumed more of the feed. There were significant increases (P<0.05) in body weight gain by rabbits as the BVWM level increased in the diet. Similarly, the feed to gain ratio improved and nitrogen digestibility increased (P<0.05) with higher levels of BVWM in the diet. This study shows that rabbits can tolerate the 45% BVWM replacement of groundnut cake effectively.

THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE REDUCED FEED CONSUMPTION OBSERVED IN GROWING PIGS FED VOMITOXIN-CONTAMINATED DIETS

1986 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 277-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. R. CHAVEZ ◽  
J. A. RHEAUME
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Total Body Weight ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Control Analysis ◽  
Weight Gains ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Feeding trials were conducted to determine the significance of the reduction in feed consumption observed when growing pigs were fed complete diets containing approximately 6 ppm vomitoxin. Sixty Landrace weaners, weighing on average 22 kg, were randomly assigned to four dietary treatments. The dietary treatments were: (1) control cereal soybean diet fed ad libitum (mycotoxin free); (2) vomitoxin diet fed ad libitum in which 100% of the clean wheat included in the control diet was replaced by moldy wheat containing 10.32 ppm vomitoxin; (3) control diet fed restricted to the average daily intake of pigs fed the vomitoxin diet; and (4) upgraded vomitoxin diet fed ad libitum and containing approximately 20% more energy, crude protein, minerals and vitamins. Individual feed consumption was recorded daily for 12 wk. The control diet promoted significantly (P < 0.05) greater total body weight gains and also the greatest feed consumption. Body weight gains were not different (P > 0.05) for the vomitoxin and restricted control dietary treatments. The vomitoxin upgraded treatment resulted in greater total body weight gains (P < 0.05) than the vomitoxin treatment. During the 12-wk period, animals in the vomitoxin and restricted-control-fed groups consumed 71% as much feed as the control group fed ad libitum while the vomitoxin upgraded group consumed 77% as much as the control. Analysis for blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, plasma protein and alkaline phosphatase revealed no differences (P > 0.05) between dietary treatments. With respect to animal performance and blood biochemical profiles, the effect of vomitoxin appears to be primarily limited to feed acceptability and intake, with no apparent consequences on the metabolic function of the animal. Key words: Vomitoxin, deoxynivalenol, growing pigs, feed consumption

scholarly journals Response of growing rabbits to different levels of dietary citric acid

1970 ◽  
Vol 39 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 125-133
Author(s):  
MR Debi ◽  
KMS Islam ◽  
MA Akbar ◽  
B Ullha ◽  
SK Das
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Immune Status ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Different Levels

An experiment was conducted for a period of 56 days with 36 healthy New Zealand White (NZW) rabbits aged about one months having weight from 370 to 390g to evaluate the effects of dietary citric acid on growth performance, feed consumption and digestibility of nutrients as well as immune status. The experiment was designed with 6 dietary treatments having 6 rabbits per treatment. Rabbits of control treatment (T1) were given the diet without citric acid (CA) but the dietary treatments T2, T3, T4, T5 and T6 contained 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5% CA respectively. Green grass was supplied on ad libitum basis. The total body weight gain was Addition of CA at the level of 2% enhanced body weight significantly (P<0.05). (P<0.05)(P<0.05) T 734, 776, 812, 862, 911 and 740g for the rabbits fed 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5% CA containing diets respectively. Total DM intake also increased with increasing the percentage of CA up to 2% level . Incase of feed conversion ratio, there was no significant difference in addition to different levels of CA. Supplementation of CA improved dry matter, crude protein and ether extract digestibility but incase of crude fiber and nitrogen free extract, there was no significant difference. Non significant difference was also found incase of acidity of feed and feces. The highest lymphocyte (73%) was counted in dietary treatment T6 having 2.5% CA, which was 17% higher than the control diet. From the result of this experiment, it may be concluded that the addition of CA up to 2% level in diet improves performance, digestibility of nutrients and immune status of growing rabbit. Key words: Rabbit; Citric acid; Performance; Immunity DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v39i1-2.9685 Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2010, 39(1&2): 125-133

scholarly journals Effects of Lactobacillus reuteri and Streptomyces coelicolor on Growth Performance of Broiler Chickens

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1341
Author(s):  
Sarayu Bhogoju ◽  
Collins N. Khwatenge ◽  
Thyneice Taylor-Bowden ◽  
Gabriel Akerele ◽  
Boniface M. Kimathi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Lactobacillus Reuteri ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Streptomyces Coelicolor ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Probiotic Bacteria ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Wheat Middlings ◽  
Dietary Treatments

There are well documented complications associated with the continuous use of antibiotics in the poultry industry. Over the past few decades, probiotics have emerged as viable alternatives to antibiotics; however, most of these candidate probiotic microorganisms have not been fully evaluated for their effectiveness as potential probiotics for poultry. Recent evaluation of a metagenome of broiler chickens in our laboratory revealed a prevalence of Lactobacillus reuteri (L. reuteri) and Actinobacteria class of bacteria in their gastrointestinal tract. In this study Lactobacillus reuteri and Streptomyces coelicolor (S. coelicolor) were selected as probiotic bacteria, encapsulated, and added into broiler feed at a concentration of 100 mg/kg of feed. In an 8-week study, 240 one day-old chicks were randomly assigned to four dietary treatments. Three dietary treatments contained two probiotic bacteria in three different proportions (L. reuteri and S. coelicolor individually at 100 ppm, and mixture of L. reuteri and S. coelicolor at 50 ppm each). The fourth treatment had no probiotic bacteria and it functioned as the control diet. L. reuteri and S. coelicolor were added to the feed by using wheat middlings as a carrier at a concentration of 100 ppm (100 mg/kg). Chickens fed diets containing L. reuteri and S. coelicolor mixture showed 2% improvement in body weight gain, 7% decrease in feed consumption, and 6–7% decrease in feed conversion ratios. This research suggests that L. reuteri and S. coelicolor have the potential to constitute probiotics in chickens combined or separately, depending on the desired selection of performance index.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Penggunaan Ampas Tahu Dalam Ransum Terhadap Performan Ayam Broiler

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-32
Author(s):  
Zulfan Zulfan ◽  
Sulaiman Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Diet Treatment ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Broiler Diet

ABSTRACT. The aim of this experiment is to investigate a possibility to include tofu by-product in broiler diet without causing adverse performances. This study was conducted in poulty production Lab. Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh. The study performed 80 unsex day old chick, strain CP 707, Charoen Pokphan product, for which the chikens were divided into for diet treatment. The study was desingned into Completely Randomized Design (CRD) containing for different diet treatment. ei. R1 (Control diet with 0% of tofu by product. R2 (the diet containing 2.5% of tofu by-product), R3 (the diet containing 5% of tofu by-product, and R4 (the diet containing 7.5% of tofu by-product). Each treatment consisted of five chiks. Investigated variables included  final body weight, body weght gain, feed consumption, feed conversion, and income over feed and chick coast (IOFCC). The data were analyzed by an analysis of variance and as a significant effect was detected, the analysis  was continued by Duncan Multiple Range Test based on Steel and Torrie (1991). Result of this study showed that the inclusion of up to 5% of tofu by-product in the diet were not significantly defress body weight, body weight gain, feed consumpsion, and feed conversion compared to the control. However, the inclusion of 7.5% of tofu by-product significantly defress body weght, body weight gain feed consumpsion. The was no significant effect on feed conversion as tofu by-product was included 7.5% in the diet. The inclusion of tofu by-product could minmize diet cost and increase. Income and Over Feed and Chick Cost (IOFCC). However, the highest IOFCC was detected in the untilization of 5% of tofu by-product was still possible to be included in poulty diet up to 5% without significantly depress broiler ferformances.Key word :Tofu by-product; Broiler diet; Body weight; Feed Consumption; Feed conversion

scholarly journals Carcass traits and relative organ weights of growing rabbits fed graded levels of processed kola nut (Cola nitida) pod husks

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 112-119
Author(s):  
S. A. Adeyeye ◽  
J. O. Agbede ◽  
V. A. Aletor ◽  
O. D. Oloruntola ◽  
S. O. Ayodele ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Deleterious Effect ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Organ Weights ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Average Body ◽  
Cola Nitida ◽  
Average Body Weight

Carcass traits and relative organ weights of growing rabbits fed graded levels of processed (ash treated and rumen liquor fermented) kola nut (Cola nitida) pod husks (PKPH) were investigated. One hundred and twenty (120) weaner rabbits of mixed breeds (New-Zealand white × Chinchilla) of equal sexes and average body weight 525.46g were randomly allotted to four (4) dietary treatments at 0 (0.00 % PKPH), 10 (10 % PKPH), 20 (20 % PKPH), and 30 % (30 % PKPH) inclusion levels and designated as diets 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. Each treatment group was replicated ten (10) times with three (3) rabbits per replicate and was fed ad-libitum for 56 days. The highest slaughter weight (1813.80 g/r), dressing weight (1068.70 g/r) and dressing percentage (58.54 %) recorded in rabbits fed diet 3 (20% PKPH) were similar to those fed the control diet (0 % PKPH) and diet 2 (10% PKPH) but was significantly (P<0.05) higher than those fed diet 4 (30 % PKPH). The lungs, liver, kidney, heart, and spleen of the rabbits fed dietary treatments were not significantly influenced. It was concluded that processed kolanut pod husk had no deleterious effect on carcass and relative organs weight of weaner rabbits.

scholarly journals Effect of citric acid and acetic acid on the performance of broilers

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
MZ Islam ◽  
ZH Khandaker ◽  
SD Chowdhury ◽  
KMS Islam
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Dietary Treatments

An experiment was conducted with commercial broilers to investigate the effects of feeding citric acid, acetic acid and their combination on their performance and to determine the economic competence of using citric acid and acetic acid in broiler rations. A total number of 108 one day old straight run broiler chicks were distributed to four dietary treatments i.e. 0 % citric or acetic acid (A), 0.5% citric acid (B), 0.5% acetic acid (C) and their combinations 0.5% citric acid and 0.5% acetic acid (D). The birds were reared in cages. Body weight gains, feed conversion ratio (FCR), mortality, dressing yield and carcass characteristics were recorded. The performance showed significant increase in body weight gain (P<0.05) when compared with the control during 0-5 weeks of age on 0.5% citric acid (B). Feed consumption increased (P<0.05) at 2nd and 3rd weeks of age on 0.5% citric acid (B). Feed conversion was found higher (P<0.05) during 0-5 weeks of age in treatment B when compared to those of the other treatments. Carcass characteristics were not affected by dietary treatments. The highest mortality was found in treatment A and treatment C due to excessive hot. It may be concluded that use of 0.5% citric acid in the diet of broilers may have better performance in respect of live weight gain and feed conversion. Keyword: Acetic acid; Citric acid; Broiler performance DOI: 10.3329/jbau.v6i2.4828 J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 6(2): 315-320, 2008

scholarly journals Pengaruh Tepung Daun Kipait (Tithonia diversifolia) dalam Pakan terhadap Performa, Persentase Karkas, Lemak Abdominal, dan Giblet Broiler

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pajri Anwar ◽  
Jiyanto Jiyanto ◽  
Nariman Hadi ◽  
Melia Afnida Santi
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Tithonia Diversifolia ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Leaf Meal ◽  
Dietary Treatments

ABSTRAK. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk melihat pengaruh penggunaan tepung daun kipait (Tithonia diversifolia) (TDTD) terhadap performa, persentase karkas, persentase lemak abdominal, dan bobot relatif giblet. Penelitian menggunakan 200 ekor Day Old Chick (DOC) Strain CP 707 dengan rata-rata bobot badan adalah 106,03±11,99 g/ekor. Pakan perlakuan disusun berdasarkan standar kebutuhan nutrisi broiler periode starter dan grower dan diberikan mulai umur 7 hari sampai 35 hari. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan lima perlakuan dan empat ulangan, setiap ulangan terdiri atas 10 ekor broiler. Perlakuan dalam penelitian adalah sebagai berikut: P1: Pakan kontrol (0% TDTD); P2: Pakan mengandung 4% TDTD; P3: Pakan mengandung 6% TDTD; P4: pakan mengandung 8% TDTD; dan P5: pakan mengandung 10% TDTD. Peubah yang diukur adalah performa broiler (konsumsi pakan (g/ekor); pertambahan bobot badan (g/ekor); konversi pakan); persentase karkas, persentase lemak abdominal, bobot relatif giblet. Hasil analisis sidik ragam menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan TDTD dalam pakan signifikan (P0,05) memengaruhi konsumsi pakan namun tidak signifikan (P0,05) memengaruhi pertambahan bobot badan, konversi, persentase karkas, persentase lemak abdominal dan giblet. Kesimpulan penelitian adalah TDTD dapat digunakan di dalam pakan sebanyak 4% tanpa memengaruhi performa broiler (konsumsi pakan, pertambahan bobot badan dan konversi pakan). Kemudian penggunaan sampai 10% dapat menurunkan persentase lemak abdominal dan peningkatan persentase karkas. (Effect of feeding Mexican sunflower (Tithonia diversifolia) leaf meal on performance, carcass percentage, abdominal fat, and giblet of broilers) ABSTRACT. The research aimed to see the influence of the used of Mexican sunflower (Tithonia diversifolia) leaf meal (TDLM) on the performance, the percentage of carcasses, the percentage of abdominal fat and the relative weight of giblets. The experiment used 200 day old chick (CP 707) with an average body weight of 106.03 ± 11.99 g/bird.. The treatment diet were arranged according to the standard requirements for the starter and grower period broiler nutrition. The experimental chicken were provided dietary treatments when they were 7-day old and terminated on day 35A completely randomized design (CRD) with 5 treatments and 4 replications and 10 birds in each replication was used in this experiment. Dietary treatments were: P1= control diet (0% of TDLM); P2= diet containing 4% TDLM ; P3= diet containing 6% TDLM ; P4= diet containing 8% TDLM; and P5: diet containing 10% TDLM. Variables measured were performances (feed consumption; body weight gain and feed conversion); Percentage of carcasses, percentage of abdominal fat, relative weight giblet. The results of analysis of variance showed that the used of TDLM in the diets significant effect (P0,05) on the feed consumption, but not significantly (P0,05) affect body weight gain, feed conversion, percentage of carcasses, the percentage of abdominal fat and the relative weight of giblet.. The conclusion of this study was TDLM can be used as 4% in diets without affecting the performance, the percentage of carcasses, the percentage of abdominal fat and the relative weight of giblet. Then the use of up to 10% can reduced the percentage of abdominal fat and increase the percentage of carcasses.

scholarly journals Intermittent feeding programme and addition of <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> based probiotics to the diet of growing broiler chickens: Influence on growth, hepatic enzymes and serum lipid metabolites profile

2013 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 410-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. R. Aliakbarpour ◽  
M. Chamani ◽  
G. Rahimi ◽  
A. A. Sadeghi ◽  
D. Qujeq
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Serum Lipid ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Intermittent Feeding ◽  
Lipid Metabolites ◽  
Ad Libitum

Abstract. This study was conducted to examine the effects of Intermittent feeding programme (IFP) and Bacillus subtilis-based probiotic (BSP) addition in diet on liver malic enzyme and isocitrate dehydrogenase activity, lipid metabolism and performance in broiler chickens. Five hundred and four one-day old male broiler chicks were randomly allocated in four experimental treatments (T1, T2, T3 and T4). Groups T1 (control diet) and T3 (Bacillus subtilis-based probiotic diet) were fed ad libitum, whereas groups T2 (control diet) and T4 (Bacillus subtilis-based probiotic diet) served as IFP from day 8 to the end of the experiment. The data on initial body weight, weekly feed consumption and body weight gain were recorded up to six weeks of age. Carcass composition, blood parameters and hepatic enzyme activity were measured at the end of the experiment. Although body weight gain was not significantly different among any of the treatments, the birds raised under IFP consumed significantly (P<0.05) lower feed (207 g) and utilized their feed more efficiently (1.78) than those of the control group fed ad libitum (1.84). Carcass weight as a percentage of live weight was not affected by probiotic supplementation on the diet, but IFP significantly reduced (P<0.05) broiler carcass weight. However, the liver malic and isocitrate dehydrogenase enzyme activity was not significantly different between IFP and BSP groups. All serum lipid metabolites concentration decreased (P<0.05) with probiotic treatment. It may be concluded that dietary supplementation with BSP may influence the pathway of fat metabolism through promotion and/or suppression of serum lipid metabolites.

scholarly journals LOW PROTEIN STARTING DIETS AND THEIR EFFECTS ON SUBSEQUENT PULLET PERFORMANCE

1972 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 761-766 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. SUMMERS ◽  
W. F. PEPPER ◽  
E. T. MORAN Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Sexual Maturity ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Reduced Body ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Leghorn-type pullets were fed 14 and 20% protein corn–soya diets to 8 weeks of age. The birds on the low protein diet were significantly smaller and consumed less feed than the higher protein-fed birds. At 20 weeks of age pullets fed the low protein starting diet were still significantly smaller than the 20% protein-fed chicks even though similar diets were fed during the growing period. A corn–feathermeal diet resulted in reduced feed intake and body weight gain when fed ad libitum from 8 to 24 weeks as compared with dietary treatments. None of the starting or growing treatments had any effect on hen house performance except for a reduced body weight of those pullets fed the feathermeal diet. The data suggest that a low protein starting diet, followed by a corn–feathermeal (amino acid imbalanced) diet can be fed ad libitum and still achieve reduced weight gain and delayed sexual maturity without any adverse effect on hen house performance.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document