Antioxidant potential of essential oil from Lavandula angustifolia in in vitro and ex vivo cultured liver cells

Background: The present work aimed to evaluate the chemical composition of Curcuma zadoaria essential oil and to investigate its efficacy and safety against hydatid cyst protoscoleces. Methods: Collected protoscoleces from liver fertile hydatid cysts of infected sheep were exposed to different concentrations of the essential oil (75, 150, 300 μl/mL) for 5-30 min in vitro and ex vivo. Then, by using the eosin exclusion assay, the viability of protoscoleces was studied. In the next step, 24 male NMRI mice were examined to assess the toxicity of C. zadoaria essential oil by measuring the biochemical and hematological parameters. Results: Based on the obtained results, the LD50 value of intraperitoneal injection of the C. zadoaria essential oil was 1.76 mL/kg of body weight and the maximum non-fatal dose was 0.96 mL/kg of body weight. C. zadoaria essential oil had a strong proto scolicidal activity in vitro so that at the 300 and 150 μl/ml entirely eliminates the parasite after 5 and 10 minutes; whereas, weak proto scolicidal activity was observed at lower doses. Ex vivo assay, no similar effect with in vitro was observed, therefore, more time is required to show a potent proto scolicidal activity. C. zadoaria essential oil at the concentrations of 300 and 150 μl/mL after an exposure time of 7 and 12 min, killed 100% of protoscoleces within the hydatid cyst, respectively. After intraperitoneal injection of the C. zadoaria essential oil for 2 weeks, no significant difference (p > 0.05) was observed in the clinical chemistry and hematologic parameters at the doses of 0.15, 0.3, 0.6 mL/kg. Conclusion: The obtained results in vitro and ex vivo exhibited that C. zadoaria essential oil had a favorable proto scolicidal activity on hydatid cyst protoscoleces. However, more supplementary works are required to verify these findings by assessing clinical subjects.

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Development of a Topical Amphotericin B and Bursera graveolens Essential Oil-Loaded Gel for the Treatment of Dermal Candidiasis

Pharmaceuticals ◽

10.3390/ph14101033 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (10) ◽

pp. 1033

Author(s):

Lupe Carolina Espinoza ◽

Lilian Sosa ◽

Paulo C. Granda ◽

Nuria Bozal ◽

Natalia Díaz-Garrido ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Amphotericin B ◽

Ex Vivo ◽

In Vitro Release ◽

Topical Administration ◽

In Vivo Models ◽

Topical Gel ◽

Cutaneous Candidiasis ◽

Vitro Release

The higher molecular weight and low solubility of amphotericin B (AmB) hinders its topical administration. The aim of this study was to incorporate Bursera graveolens essential oil into an AmB topical gel (AmB + BGEO gel) in order to promote the diffusion of the drug through the skin in the treatment of cutaneous candidiasis. AmB + BGEO gel formulation was determined using a factorial experiment. Physical and chemical parameters, stability, in vitro release profile and ex vivo permeation in human skin were evaluated. In vitro antimicrobial activity was studied using strains of C. albicans, C. glabrata and C. parapsilosis. The tolerability was evaluated using in vitro and in vivo models. AmB + BGEO gel presented appropriate characteristics for topical administration, including pH of 5.85, pseudoplastic behavior, optimal extensibility, as well as high stability and acceptable tolerability. In vitro release studies showed that the formulation releases the drug following a Boltzmann sigmoidal model. Finally, AmB + BGEO gel exhibited higher amount of drug retained inside the skin and lower Minimum Inhibitory Concentration than a formulation sans essential oil. Therefore, these results suggest that the incorporation of B. graveolens essential oil in the formulation could be used as strategy to promote a local effect in the treatment of cutaneous candidiasis.

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Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Potential of Essential Oil and Organic Extracts of Euphorbia tithymaloides L. from Kushtia Region

Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.2174/1871520618666180228122318 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 18 (10) ◽

pp. 1482-1488 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Atiqur Rahman ◽

Mahmudur Rahman ◽

Ibrahim Demirtas

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Methanol Extract ◽

Skin Diseases ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Antioxidant Potential ◽

Traditional System ◽

Nitric Oxide Radical ◽

Organic Extracts

Background: In the traditional system of medicine, leaves and stem bark of Euphorbia tithymaloides L. have been used for the treatment of asthma, persistent coughing, laryngitis, skin diseases and mouth ulcers. Some studies have reported the anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities of phytochemicals from the leaf; however, the analysis of essential oil and its antioxidant property is still unexplored. Methods: This study evaluates the in vitro antioxidant potential of the essential oil and organic extracts from aerial parts of Euphorbia tithymaloides L. Results: Thirty one compounds representing 96.37% of total oil were detected by GC-MS, of which eugenol (22.52%), phenyl ethyl alcohol (14.63%), 3-pentanol (9.22%), caryophyllene oxide (7.73%), isoeugenol (7.32%), pentadecanol (5.14%), spathulenol (5.11%) and α-pinene (3.32%) were the major compounds. The oil and ethyl acetate extract displayed potent DPPH (IC50 = 13.67 and 17.59 µg/mL, respectively) and superoxide (IC50 = 21.83 and 42.34 µg/mL, respectively) radical-scavenging activities among all the tested samples. The oil and methanol extract also exhibited remarkable nitric oxide radical-scavenging activities (IC50 = 90.45 and 112.63 µg/mL, respectively) among other extracts. Furthermore, the methanol extract contained the highest amount of total phenolics as compared to other samples. Conclusion: The results demonstrate that the oil and extracts of E. tithymaloides could serve as natural antioxidants for using in pharmaceutical or cosmetic industries.

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Antioxidant and Antinociceptive Effects ofCitrus limonEssential Oil in Mice

Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology ◽

10.1155/2011/678673 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2011 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Lidianne Mayra Lopes Campêlo ◽

Antonia Amanda C. de Almeida ◽

Rizângela L. Mendes de Freitas ◽

Gilberto Santos Cerqueira ◽

Geane Felix de Sousa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Antioxidant Potential ◽

Opioid System ◽

Citrus Limon ◽

Antinociceptive Action ◽

Action Mechanisms ◽

Antinociceptive Effects ◽

Scavenger Activity

The antioxidant and antinociceptive activities ofCitrus limonessential oil (EO) were assessed in mice orin vitrotests. EO possesses a strong antioxidant potential according to the scavenging assays. Moreover, it presented scavenger activity against allin vitrotests. Orally, EO (50, 100, and 150 mg/kg) significantly reduced the number of writhes, and, at highest doses, it reduced the number of paw licks. Whereas naloxone antagonized the antinociceptive action of EO (highest doses), this suggested, at least, the participation of the opioid system. Further studies currently in progress will enable us to understand the action mechanisms of EO.

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The In Vitro Antimicrobial Effects of Lavandula angustifolia Essential Oil in Combination with Conventional Antimicrobial Agents

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2016/2752739 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Stephanie de Rapper ◽

Alvaro Viljoen ◽

Sandy van Vuuren

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Antimicrobial Effect ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Lavandula Angustifolia ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Stock Solutions

The paper focuses on the in vitro antimicrobial activity of Lavandula angustifolia Mill. (lavender) essential oil in combination with four commercial antimicrobial agents. Stock solutions of chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, nystatin, and fusidic acid were tested in combination with L. angustifolia essential oil. The antimicrobial activities of the combinations were investigated against the Gram-positive bacterial strain Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538) and Gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27858) and Candida albicans (ATCC 10231) was selected to represent the yeasts. The antimicrobial effect was performed using the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) microdilution assay. Isobolograms were constructed for varying ratios. The most prominent interaction was noted when L. angustifolia essential oil was combined with chloramphenicol and tested against the pathogen P. aeruginosa (ΣFIC of 0.29). Lavendula angustifolia essential oil was shown in most cases to interact synergistically with conventional antimicrobials when combined in ratios where higher volumes of L. angustifolia essential oil were incorporated into the combination.

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Ex-vivo and in vitro protective effects of kolaviron against oxygen-derived radical-induced DNA damage and oxidative stress in human lymphocytes and rat liver cells

Cell Biology and Toxicology ◽

10.1023/b:cbto.0000027916.61347.bc ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

pp. 71-82 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

E. Olatunde Farombi ◽

P. Møller ◽

L.O. Dragsted

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Dna Damage ◽

Rat Liver ◽

Ex Vivo ◽

Human Lymphocytes ◽

Liver Cells ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Rat Liver Cells ◽

And Oxidative Stress

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In vitro antioxidant and ex vivo anti-cataract activity of ethanolic extract of Cineraria maritima: a traditional plant from Nilgiri hills

Future Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.1186/s43094-021-00258-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Sumit Durgapal ◽

Vijay Juyal ◽

Anurag Verma

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Ex Vivo ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Antioxidant Potential ◽

Aerial Parts ◽

History Of ◽

Underlying Causes ◽

History Of Use ◽

Cineraria Maritima

Abstract Background Cineraria maritima has a long history of use in the treatment of cataract and other eye-related problems in the homeopathic system of medicines. High oxidative stress is one of the major underlying causes of cataract which results in the precipitation of natural protein present in the lenses with aging. This research has been carried out to determine the anti-cataract activity of C. maritima by performing various antioxidant techniques such as 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, nitric oxide, hydrogen peroxide, and studies in oxidative stress–induced ex vivo cataract model. Results Results of the study conducted in the ethanolic extract of aerial parts (leaves and stems) of C. maritima revealed the presence of various phytoconstituents such as alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, etc. Total phenol and total flavonoid content was found to be 6.31 ± 0.06 % w/w and 2.14 ± 0.09% w/w respectively, which revealed that the plant contains a good amount of these compounds and hence possesses good antioxidant activity. Furthermore, IC50 values obtained from all the methods gave strong evidence regarding the antioxidant potential of this plant. Anti-cataract activity was also investigated using goat eye lenses and promising results were obtained which speak voluminously about its anti-cataract potential and support its well-prescribed use. Conclusion Results obtained with this study clearly supported the significant antioxidant potential and anti-cataract activity of this plant. Further, this plant demands great attention for the development of suitable novel dosage forms for the effective treatment of cataract.

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Bioactive Compounds in Aegopodium podagraria Leaf Extracts and Their Effects against Fluoride-Modulated Oxidative Stress in the THP-1 Cell Line

Pharmaceuticals ◽

10.3390/ph14121334 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (12) ◽

pp. 1334

Author(s):

Karolina Jakubczyk ◽

Agnieszka Łukomska ◽

Sylwester Czaplicki ◽

Anna Wajs-Bonikowska ◽

Izabela Gutowska ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Antioxidant Enzymes ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Cell Line ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Total Content ◽

Antioxidant Potential ◽

Leaf Extracts ◽

Positive Effects

Aegopodium podagraria L. (goutweed), a member of the Apiaceae family, is a common perennial plant found all around the world that has been used in folk medicine since antiquity. Goutweed leaves contain polyacetylenes, essential oils, mono- and sesquiterpenes, vitamins, macro- and microelements, and phenolic compounds. In spite of its many health-promoting properties, including antioxidant effects, the plant has not been thoroughly studied. The aim of this study was to investigate the antioxidant properties of different goutweed leaf extracts and their effects on the THP-1 cell line, and also to describe the chemical characteristics of goutweed. Falcarinol and falcarindiol and essential oil were determined by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Spectrophotometry was used to measure the total content of polyphenols and antioxidant activity–by DPPH and FRAP methods. Oxidative stress in THP-1 cells was induced via sodium fluoride. Then, goutweed leaf extracts were added to evaluate their influence on antioxidant potential (ABTS) and the activity of antioxidant enzymes. Confocal microscopy was used to visualise the production of cytoplasmic and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) and for in vitro imaging of apoptosis. The ethanol extracts have a high total content of polyphenols, polyacetylenes, and essential oil, as well as high antioxidant potential. The main volatiles represented diverse chemical groups, which are both oxygenated derivatives of sesquiterpenes and monoterpenes. We also demonstrated positive effects of the high antioxidant potential and increased activity of antioxidant enzymes on cell cultures under severe fluoride-induced oxidative stress. Extraction at 80 ℃ and the use of ethanol as a solvent increased the antioxidant capacity of the extract. The leaves of Aegopodium podagraria may serve as a valuable source of antioxidants in the daily diet and assist in the prevention and treatment of oxidative stress-mediated conditions, e.g., inflammatory conditions, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, and even obesity.

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Delivery of Soluble Heme Oxygenase 1 Cell-Penetrating Peptide into Liver Cells in in vitro and ex vivo Models of Cold Ischemia

European Surgical Research ◽

10.1159/000451079 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 58 (1-2) ◽

pp. 51-68 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Ananda Baskaran Venkatachalam ◽

Scott Michael Livingstone ◽

Qianni Hu ◽

Ayush Ray ◽

Caroline Wood ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Liver Transplantation ◽

Recombinant Protein ◽

Heme Oxygenase ◽

Ex Vivo ◽

Liver Cells ◽

Heme Oxygenase 1 ◽

Cell Penetrating Peptide ◽

Cell Penetrating ◽

Hr Model

Background/Purpose: Liver transplantation is the treatment of choice in patients with end-stage liver disease. During liver transplantation, ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) occurs, which is an inevitable consequence of the transplantation process. To reduce the extent of cellular injury, one of the proteins that have been extensively investigated is heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), which plays an important role in protecting the organs against IRI. The aim of this study was to introduce an active and functional HO-1 protein conjugated to a cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) in vitro and ex vivo into liver cells in hypothermic and anoxic conditions and to assert its cytoprotective effects. Methods: We generated an enzymatically active soluble (s)HO-1-CPP recombinant protein. The ability of the sHO-1-CPP protein to penetrate McA-RH7777, Clone 9, and Hep G2 cells, primary hepatocytes, and Kupffer and human umbilical vein endothelial cells in vitro, as well as its ability to penetrate a whole liver ex vivo under hypothermic and anoxic conditions, was assessed. An in vitro hypoxia-reoxygenation (HR) model was used to determine the cytoprotective effect of the sHO-1-CPP protein. Results: We showed that our recombinant protein sHO-1-CPP can cross cell membranes into rodent and human liver cells in vitro, and the results were further validated ex vivo, where rodent livers were perfused with an organ preservation solution supplemented with sHO-1-CPP under anoxic and hypothermic conditions. Immunohistochemistry revealed an intracellular localization of sHO-1-CPP in zones 1-3 of the perfused livers. The CPP did not exert any significant toxicity on the cells. Treating cells with sHO-1-CPP showed significant cytoprotection in the in vitro HR model. Conclusions: Our findings show that the recombinant protein sHO-1-CPP can be successfully delivered to cells of a whole organ in an ex vivo hypothermic and anoxic perfusion model and that it provides cytoprotection to hepatocytes in an in vitro HR model. These results hold great potential for future repair and protection of donor organs. Future experiments are planned to confirm these data in in vivo models of IRI.

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