Bioactive Compounds in Aegopodium podagraria Leaf Extracts and Their Effects against Fluoride-Modulated Oxidative Stress in the THP-1 Cell Line

Aegopodium podagraria L. (goutweed), a member of the Apiaceae family, is a common perennial plant found all around the world that has been used in folk medicine since antiquity. Goutweed leaves contain polyacetylenes, essential oils, mono- and sesquiterpenes, vitamins, macro- and microelements, and phenolic compounds. In spite of its many health-promoting properties, including antioxidant effects, the plant has not been thoroughly studied. The aim of this study was to investigate the antioxidant properties of different goutweed leaf extracts and their effects on the THP-1 cell line, and also to describe the chemical characteristics of goutweed. Falcarinol and falcarindiol and essential oil were determined by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Spectrophotometry was used to measure the total content of polyphenols and antioxidant activity–by DPPH and FRAP methods. Oxidative stress in THP-1 cells was induced via sodium fluoride. Then, goutweed leaf extracts were added to evaluate their influence on antioxidant potential (ABTS) and the activity of antioxidant enzymes. Confocal microscopy was used to visualise the production of cytoplasmic and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) and for in vitro imaging of apoptosis. The ethanol extracts have a high total content of polyphenols, polyacetylenes, and essential oil, as well as high antioxidant potential. The main volatiles represented diverse chemical groups, which are both oxygenated derivatives of sesquiterpenes and monoterpenes. We also demonstrated positive effects of the high antioxidant potential and increased activity of antioxidant enzymes on cell cultures under severe fluoride-induced oxidative stress. Extraction at 80 ℃ and the use of ethanol as a solvent increased the antioxidant capacity of the extract. The leaves of Aegopodium podagraria may serve as a valuable source of antioxidants in the daily diet and assist in the prevention and treatment of oxidative stress-mediated conditions, e.g., inflammatory conditions, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, and even obesity.

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Edible Flowers Extracts as a Source of Bioactive Compounds with Antioxidant Properties—In Vitro Studies

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11052120 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 2120

Author(s):

Karolina Jakubczyk ◽

Agnieszka Łukomska ◽

Izabela Gutowska ◽

Joanna Kochman ◽

Joanna Janił ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Antioxidant Enzymes ◽

White Clover ◽

Trifolium Repens ◽

Trifolium Pratense ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Red Clover ◽

Total Content ◽

Antioxidant Potential ◽

Antioxidant Power

Edible plants began to play an important role in past decade as a part of therapy, a recovery process or a healthy life style. The availability and relatively low price of the raw material, as well as proven bioactive health benefits, are key to consumers’ choice of nutrients. The red clover (Trifolium pratense) is a popular plant with healthy properties such as antiseptic and analgesic effects. The less known white clover (Trifolium repens), a fodder and honey plant, has anti-rheumatic and anti-diabetic properties. Both species may serve as a potential source of bioactive substances with antioxidant properties as a food additive or supplement. The study material consisted of flower extracts of Trifolium repens and Trifolium pratense. The total content of polyphenols and DPPH (2.2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) were measured using spectrophotometry methods. Oxidative stress in THP1 cells was induced via sodium fluoride. Subsequently, flower extracts were added and their influences on proliferation, antioxidant potential and the activity of antioxidant enzymes were evaluated. The extracts have a high total content of polyphenols as well as high antioxidant potential. We also demonstrated positive extracts impact on cells proliferation, high antioxidant potential and increasing activity of antioxidant enzymes on cell cultures under high oxidative stress induced by fluoride. Both red clover and the less known white clover may serve as valuable sources of antioxidants in the everyday diet.

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In Vitro Assessment of the Antioxidant Properties of Aqueous Byproduct Extracts of Vitis vinifera

Food Technology and Biotechnology ◽

10.17113/ftb.57.01.19.5879 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 57 (1) ◽

pp. 29-38 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Roberto Puglisi

Keyword(s):

Plasma Membranes ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Dermal Fibroblasts ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Mitochondrial Activity ◽

Cabernet Sauvignon ◽

Leaf Extracts ◽

Volume Fractions ◽

Positive Effects

Aqueous extracts were obtained at low temperature with the Naviglio technology from grapevine stalks (Merlot), marc (Merlot and Cabernet Sauvignon) and leaves (Merlot) as typical byproducts of winemaking industry, and their properties were evaluated cytofluorometrically on human dermal fibroblasts. Leaf extracts had the greatest total phenolic ((47.6±3.5) mg/g) and proanthocyanidin ((24.2±0.1) mg/g) contents compared to the others. The preliminary colorimetric MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay individuated two consecutive non-toxic volume fractions of each extract (from 0.8 to 12.8 %) that were adopted for three cytofluorometric tests. The first cell membrane test did not evidence any harmful effects against plasma membranes at the two non-toxic volume fractions. The second mitochondrial membrane test showed a decreased (p<0.01) percentage of cells ((15.7±8.3) vs (32.5±1.3) %) with active polarized mitochondrial membranes at the higher non-cytotoxic volume fractions of extracts from Cabernet Sauvignon marc in response to 4.5 mM H2O2, and from Merlot stalks (p<0.05) at 1.5 mM H2O2 ((49.3±6.1) vs (64.6±2.4) %) and without H2O2 ((89.7±2.4) vs (96.9±1.8) %), compared to the controls submitted to the same H2O2 concentration. Conversely, mitochondrial activity of leaf extracts significantly (p<0.05) increased ((96.3±1.8) and (96.4±1.4) %) after treatment with 0.5 mM H2O2 at both non-cytotoxic volume fractions compared to control ((88.2±1.1) %). Finally, as evidenced by the third oxidative status test, stalk extracts did not evidence relevant effects on the cellular oxidative state, while the extracts of marc and leaves demonstrated significantly medium (p<0.05) to highly (p<0.001) positive effects following exposure to H2O2 ranging from 0.5 to 4.5 mM, compared to controls.

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Comparative Phytochemical, Antioxidant, and Hemostatic Studies of Extract and Four Fractions from Paulownia Clone in Vitro 112 Leaves in Human Plasma

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules25194371 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (19) ◽

pp. 4371

Author(s):

Weronika Adach ◽

Jerzy Żuchowski ◽

Barbara Moniuszko-Szajwaj ◽

Malgorzata Szumacher-Strabel ◽

Anna Stochmal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Human Plasma ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Plasma Lipid ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Climate Conditions ◽

Positive Effects ◽

Chemical Content

Background: The Paulownia Clone in Vitro 112, known as oxytree or oxygen tree, is a hybrid clone of the species Paulownia elongata and Paulownia fortunei (Paulowniaceae). The oxytree is a fast-growing hybrid cultivar that can adapt to wide variations in edaphic and climate conditions. In this work, Paulownia Clone in Vitro 112 leaves were separated into an extract and four fractions (A–D) differing in chemical content in order to investigate their chemical content using LC-MS analysis. The extract and fractions were also evaluated for their anticoagulant and antioxidant properties in a human plasma in vitro. Results: The Paulownia leaf extract contained mainly phenolic compounds (e.g., verbascoside), small amounts of iridoids (e.g., aucubin or 7-hydroxytometoside) and triterpenoids (e.g., maslinic acid) were also detected. Our results indicate that the extract and fractions have different effects on oxidative stress in human plasma treated with H2O2/Fe in vitro, which could be attributed to differences in their chemical content. For example, the extract and all the fractions, at the two highest concentrations of 10 and 50 µg/mL, significantly inhibited the plasma lipid peroxidation induced by H2O2/Fe. Fractions C and D, at all tested concentrations (1–50 µg/mL) were also found to protect plasma proteins against H2O2/Fe-induced carbonylation. The positive effects of fraction C and D were dependent on the dose. Conclusions: The extract and all four fractions, but particularly fractions C and D, which are rich in phenolic compounds, are novel sources of antioxidants, with an inhibitory effect on oxidative stress in human plasma in vitro. Additionally, the antioxidant potential of fraction D may be associated with triterpenoids.

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COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF EXTRACTS OF BERGENIA CRASSIFOLIA (L.) FITSCH LEAVES OF DIFFERENT TERMS OF VEGETATION

chemistry of plant raw material ◽

10.14258/jcprm.2020024349 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 231-239

Author(s):

Svetlana Vladimirovna Tsyrendorzhieva ◽

Sesegma Dashiyevna Zhamsaranova

Keyword(s):

Raw Materials ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Total Content ◽

Leaf Extracts ◽

Green Leaves ◽

Chelating Ability ◽

The Republic ◽

Bergenia Crassifolia ◽

Maximum Content

New data on the chemical composition and antioxidant properties of aqueous leaf extracts of Bergenia crassifolia (L.) Fitsch of different periods of vegetation growing in the Republic of Buryatia were obtained. It is shown that this is one of the few plants whose leaves contain a significant amount of phenolic compounds. The maximum content of tannins was noted in the extract of red leaves of the incense – 2.42%. Depending on the phase of the collection of raw materials, the content of flavonoids in the water extracts of the leaves of the frangipani varied from 3.88 to 5.42%. A higher accumulation of flavonoids was observed in the extract of black leaves of badan, which is apparently associated with leaf fermentation, in which the cellular structure is destroyed, enzymes and polyphenols are released. The leader in determining the total content of anthocyanins, as well as for flavonoids, was the extract of black leaves of frankincense. The largest amount of arbutin was contained in the extract of green leaves of frankincense – 1.22%. The studied extracts had a high ability to absorb free radicals, however, the extract of green leaves of badan had the highest antiradical activity, had a minimum EC50 of 4 mg/cm3. The iron-chelating ability of the tested aqueous extracts of frankincense leaves of different periods of in vitro vegetation showed that the leaf extracts had weak iron-chelating activity.

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Compositional Analysis and in vitro Protective Activity against Oxidative Stress of Essential Oils from Egyptian Plants Used in Traditional Medicine

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1400900939 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 9 (9) ◽

pp. 1934578X1400900

Author(s):

Tarek F. Eissa ◽

Elena González-Burgos ◽

M. Emilia Carretero ◽

M. Pilar Gómez-Serranillos

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Cell Model ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Compositional Analysis ◽

Peroxyl Radicals ◽

Protective Activity ◽

Traditional Medicines

The Sinai desert in Egypt contains great variability in plants extensively used for traditional medicines such as Achillea fragrantissima, Chiliadenus montanus, Mentha longifolia and Haplophyllum tuberculatum. The essential oils extracted by hydrodistillation from the aerial parts have been analyzed. Subsequently, their potential protective activity against oxidative stress has been evaluated, employing H2O2 as oxidant inductor and astrocytes as the cell model. The chemical composition of the essential oils was analyzed by GC/MS. Most of the compounds identified in A. fragrantissima and M. longifolia samples were oxygenated monoterpene derivatives, whereas for H. tuberculatum they were monoterpenes hydrocarbons and oxygenated compounds, and for C. montanus oxygenated monoterpenes and oxygenated sesquiterpenes predominated. The in vitro evaluation of antioxidant properties, using ORAC assay, revealed that M. longifolia essential oil possessed the highest scavenging activity against peroxyl radicals, following by H. tuberculatum, A. fragrantissima and C. montanus. Under oxidative stress conditions, M. longifolia and H. tuberculatum essential oils were the only ones that protected human astrocytoma U373-MG cells against H2O2 damage. Both essential oils prevented cell death and inhibited ROS production caused by H2O2. M. longifolia essential oil was the most active, suggesting an interesting prevention role in those CNS disorders associated with oxidative stress.

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EVALUATION OF ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF CHLOROPHYLL

Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research ◽

10.32553/jbpr.v8i6.676 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (6) ◽

Author(s):

Dipti Acharya ◽

Umesh Kumar Gilhotra ◽

Ranjan Singh ◽

Himanshu Rajpurohit ◽

Ajay Gar

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Nitric Oxide ◽

Hydrogen Peroxide ◽

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Ascorbic Acid ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Antioxidant Potential ◽

Methanolic Solution ◽

Ic50 Value

Antioxidant play an important role to protect damage caused oxidative stress (OS).Chlorophyll having phenolic contents are reported to possess antioxidant properties. The present study was designed to investigate the antioxidant properties of methanolic solution from Super Chlorophyll. Objective: The main objective of the study was to evaluate the antioxidant activity of the chlorophyll in different validated in vitro models. Methods: The antioxidant activities of methanolic solution were evaluated by in vitro standard method using UV-Spectrophotometer. The antioxidant activity were determined bt total antioxidant capacity, DPPH (1-1-diphennyl-2-picrylhydrzine) radical scavenging assay, Nitric Oxide scavenging assay and Hydrogen Peroxide scavenging assay methods. Result: The solution of Chlorophyll was studied for antioxidant potential. Ascorbic acid was used as standard. This method is simple and activity of the solution is reported in term of IC50 value. Antioxidant properties depend on the IC50 value. Lesser the IC50 value, more is the antioxidant activity. Chlorophyll showed good antioxidant activity. Conclusion: In case of in vitro antioxidant activity, Chlorophyll scavenged DPPH, hydrogen peroxide, nitric oxide radicals significantly, showed IC50 values near to standard ascorbic acid, thus proving to have good antioxidant potential. Keywords: Oxidative stress, DPPH, Antioxidant, Super chlorophyll.

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Biomarkers and Utility of the Antioxidant Potential of Probiotic Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria as Representatives of the Human Gut Microbiota

Biomedicines ◽

10.3390/biomedicines9101340 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (10) ◽

pp. 1340

Author(s):

Olga V. Averina ◽

Elena U. Poluektova ◽

Mariya V. Marsova ◽

Valery N. Danilenko

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Natural Antioxidants ◽

Antioxidant Potential ◽

Diagnostic Systems ◽

Human Gut ◽

Human Gut Microbiota

Lactobacilli and bifidobacteria are an important part of human gut microbiota. Among numerous benefits, their antioxidant properties are attracting more and more attention. Multiple in vivo and in vitro studies have demonstrated that lactobacilli and bifidobacteria, along with their cellular components, possess excellent antioxidant capacity, which provides a certain degree of protection to the human body against diseases associated with oxidative stress. Recently, lactobacilli and bifidobacteria have begun to be considered as a new source of natural antioxidants. This review summarizes the current state of research on various antioxidant properties of lactobacilli and bifidobacteria. Special emphasis is given to the mechanisms of antioxidant activity of these bacteria in the human gut microbiota, which involve bacterial cell components and metabolites. This review is also dedicated to the genes involved in the antioxidant properties of lactobacilli and bifidobacteria strains as indicators of their antioxidant potential in human gut microbiota. Identification of the antioxidant biomarkers of the gut microbiota is of great importance both for creating diagnostic systems for assessing oxidative stress and for choosing strategies aimed at restoring the normal functioning of the microbiota and, through it, restoring human health. In this review, the practical application of probiotic strains with proven antioxidant properties to prevent oxidative stress is also considered.

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Oxidative Stress Type Influences the Properties of Antioxidants Containing Polyphenols in RINm5F Beta Cells

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2015/859048 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Nathalie Auberval ◽

Stéphanie Dal ◽

William Bietiger ◽

Elodie Seyfritz ◽

Jean Peluso ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Antioxidant Enzymes ◽

Cell Viability ◽

Beta Cells ◽

Treatment Options ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Epigallocatechin Gallate ◽

Natural Antioxidants ◽

Antioxidant Compounds

Thein vitromethods currently used to screen bioactive compounds focus on the use of a single model of oxidative stress. However, this simplistic view may lead to conflicting results. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant properties of two natural extracts (a mix of red wine polyphenols (RWPs) and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG)) with three models of oxidative stress induced with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), a mixture of hypoxanthine and xanthine oxidase (HX/XO), or streptozotocin (STZ) in RINm5F beta cells. We employed multiple approaches to validate their potential as therapeutic treatment options, including cell viability, reactive oxygen species production, and antioxidant enzymes expression. All three oxidative stresses induced a decrease in cell viability and an increase in apoptosis, whereas the level of ROS production was variable depending on the type of stress. The highest level of ROS was found for the HX/XO-induced stress, an increase that was reflected by higher expression antioxidant enzymes. Further, both antioxidant compounds presented beneficial effects during oxidative stress, but EGCG appeared to be a more efficient antioxidant. These data indicate that the efficiency of natural antioxidants is dependent on both the nature of the compound and the type of oxidative stress generated.

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GC-MS Chemical Characterization and In Vitro Evaluation of Antioxidant and Toxic Effects Using Drosophila melanogaster Model of the Essential Oil of Lantana montevidensis (Spreng) Briq.

Medicina ◽

10.3390/medicina55050194 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 55 (5) ◽

pp. 194 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Maria Rayane Correia de Oliveira ◽

Luiz Marivando Barros ◽

Antônia Eliene Duarte ◽

Maria Gabriely de Lima Silva ◽

Bruno Anderson Fernandes da Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Drosophila Melanogaster ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Chemical Characterization ◽

Antioxidant Potential ◽

In Vivo Studies ◽

Botanical Insecticides ◽

Chemical Components

Background and objectives: Natural products such as essential oils with antioxidant potential can reduce the level of oxidative stress and prevent the oxidation of biomolecules. In the present study, we investigated the antioxidant potential of Lantana montevidensis leaf essential oil (EOLM) in chemical and biological models using Drosophila melanogaster. Materials and methods: in addition, the chemical components of the oil were identified and quantified by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and the percentage compositions were obtained from electronic integration measurements using flame ionization detection (FID). Results: our results demonstrated that EOLM is rich in terpenes with Germacrene-D (31.27%) and β-caryophyllene (28.15%) as the major components. EOLM (0.12–0.48 g/mL) was ineffective in scavenging DPPH radical, and chelating Fe(II), but showed reducing activity at 0.24 g/mL and 0.48 g/mL. In in vivo studies, exposure of D. melanogaster to EOLM (0.12–0.48 g/mL) for 5 h resulted in 10% mortality; no change in oxidative stress parameters such as total thiol, non-protein thiol, and malondialdehyde contents, in comparison to control (p > 0.05). Conclusions: taken together, our results indicate EOLM may not be toxic at the concentrations tested, and thus may not be suitable for the development of new botanical insecticides, such as fumigants or spray-type control agents against Drosophila melanogaster.

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Modulation of Ionizing Radiation Induced Oxidative Imbalance by Semi-Fractionated Extract ofPiper betle: An In Vitro and In Vivo Assessment

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity ◽

10.4161/oxim.3.1.10349 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 44-52 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Savita Verma ◽

Manju Lata Gupta ◽

Ajaswrata Dutta ◽

Sanghmitra Sankhwar ◽

Sandeep Kumar Shukla ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Free Radical ◽

Ionizing Radiation ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Antioxidant Potential ◽

Normal Tissues ◽

Radiation Induced

The study was planned to evaluate modulatory effect of aqueous extract ofPiper betleleaf (PBL) on ionizing radiation mediated oxidative stress leading to normal tissues damage during radiotherapy and other radiation exposures. The total polyphenols and flavonoids known as free radical scavenger (chelators) were measured in the extract. To ascertain antioxidant potential of PBL extract, we studied free radical scavenging, metal chelation, reducing power, lipid peroxidation inhibition and ferric reducing antioxidant properties (FRAP ) using in vitro assays. Mice were exposed to varied radiation doses administered with the same extract prior to irradiation to confirm its oxidative stress minimizing efficacy by evaluating ferric reducing ability of plasma, reduced glutathione, lipid peroxidation and micro-nuclei frequency. PBL extract was effective in scavenging DPPH (up to 92% at 100 µg/ml) and superoxide radicals (up to 95% at 80 µg/ml), chelated metal ions (up to 83% at 50 µg/ml) and inhibited lipid peroxidation (up to 45.65% at 500 µg/ml) in a dose dependant manner using in vitro model. Oral administration of PBL extract (225 mg/kg body weight) 1 hr before irradiation in mice significantly enhanced (p < 0.01) radiation abated antioxidant potential of plasma and GSH level in all the observed organs. The treatment with extract effectively lowered the radiation induced lipid peroxidation at 24 hrs in all the selected organs with maximum inhibition in thymus (p < 0.01). After 48 hrs, lipid peroxidation was maximally inhibited in the group treated with the extract. Frequency of radiation induced micronucleated cells declined significantly (34.78%, p < 0.01) at 24 hrs post-irradiation interval by PBL extract administration. The results suggest that PBL extract has high antioxidant potential and relatively non-toxic and thus could be assertively used to mitigate radiotherapy inflicted normal tissues damage and also injuries caused by moderate doses of radiation during unplanned exposures.

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