Integrated Steering Systems to Enhance Manoeuvrability: Technical Note

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Palanivendhan ◽  
U. Banwar ◽  
S. Vyas ◽  
S. Bohra
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Condition ◽  
Rolling Resistance ◽  
Steering System ◽  
Technical Note ◽  
Slow Speed ◽  
Steering Angle ◽  
Turning Angle ◽  
Steering Mechanism ◽  
Single Vehicle ◽  
Steering Torque

Most vehicles today employ conventional steering system where the front wheels are solely responsible for steering the vehicle, due to this the rear wheels remain dependent of the front wheels in the dynamic condition which is not allowing the vehicle to reach its maximum potential. On the other hand, in a four-wheel steering system the rear wheels along with the front wheels steer the vehicle improving its manoeuvrability. Four wheels steering also produces better acceleration as power is distributed to all the four-wheels enhancing the net traction and reducing the overall rolling resistance. Vehicles today are designed to under-steer a little with a steering ratio ranging between 14 and 22, this phenomenon fails in few scenarios where it takes longer to manoeuvre a vehicle in case of lane emergencies. Implementing in-phase and counter-phase steering mechanisms in a vehicle allow sharper turn, reduces tire wear and improves the overall manoeuvrability of the vehicle. Factors like steering torque, turning angle and velocity of the vehicle are taken into consideration for devising a proper method to shift between different steering modes. The input from steering angle and torque at a certain speed, allows the vehicle to choose between the crabs, parallel or counter steering mechanism during a turn for best performance. Thereby, integrating these mechanisms in a single vehicle would invariably stabilize and provide a better control to the driver in high as well as slow speed conditions.

Robust Integrated Design for Vehicle Chassis Based on Uncertainties

2014 ◽  
Vol 644-650 ◽  
pp. 29-32
Author(s):  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Jie Xuan Lou ◽  
En Guo Dong
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Design ◽  
Steering System ◽  
Front Wheel ◽  
Vehicle Performance ◽  
Turning Angle ◽  
Braking System ◽  
Steering Mechanism ◽  
Steering Torque ◽  
Vehicle Chassis ◽  
Noise Factors

In order to improve overall vehicle performance and decrease movement deviation caused by uncertainties from automobile chassis, a robust vehicle chassis model is built with steering system, suspension system and braking system. In the model, the length of the steering trapezoid arm, the bottom angle of trapezoid mechanism, inclination angle, caster, camber and toe-in are defined as controllable variables, and load, driving force, steering torque are defined as noise factors. The optimum objectives include the maximum turning angle error of steering mechanism, the maximum braking sideslip and the maximum swing angle of front wheel on bumpy road. Taguchi method is applied to solve the robust result for automobile chassis model. Compared that the variances of objective values are decreased with the same noise factors and the robustness of sub-systems of chassis is improved.

Solution of steering angle based on homogeneous transformation

2022 ◽  
pp. 095440702110724
Author(s):  
Farong Kou ◽  
Xinqian Zhang ◽  
Jiannan Xu
Keyword(s):  
Steering System ◽  
Steering Angle ◽  
Matlab Software ◽  
Design And Optimization ◽  
Body Model ◽  
Steering Mechanism ◽  
Wheel Alignment ◽  
Geometric Relation ◽  
Function Expression ◽  
Multi Body

Steering Angle is related to the design and optimization of steering mechanism and suspension, but it is not equal to the angle of knuckle around kingpin because of the existence of wheel alignment parameters. To calculate the steering angle, this paper derives based on homogeneous transformation its function expression by analyzing spatial geometric relation between the two angles and calculating coordinates related to steering trajectory of wheel center. Then, multi-body model of McPherson suspension with steering system is built and the calculation correctness is verified by comparing the function curve plotted by MATLAB software with the curve simulated by Adams/Car software. The calculation and simulation indicate that between the two angles, there is a ratio which is related to wheel alignment parameters and greater than 1.

The Design and Performance Analysis of Multi-Axle Dynamic Steering System

2010 ◽  
Vol 29-32 ◽  
pp. 756-761
Author(s):  
Shu Feng Wang ◽  
Jun You Zhang
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Steering System ◽  
Vehicle Model ◽  
Steering Angle ◽  
Dynamic Steering ◽  
Full Vehicle ◽  
Stability Performance ◽  
Steering Mechanism ◽  
And Performance

In order to improve vehicle steering performance, Multi-axle dynamic steering technology is put forward. Because of simple and low cost, the mechanical dynamic steering mechanism is suitable for heavy vehicle. In order to design ideal steering mechanism, the principle of dynamic steering mechanism was analyzed. Based on theories of multi-axle dynamic steering and vehicle dynamic, the steering angle relationships of different axles were analyzed. Taken a vehicle as an example, the corresponding steering mechanism was designed. Full vehicle model was established and handling stability performance was simulated. The results show that the mechanical dynamic steering vehicle can effectively improve vehicle agility performance at low speed and stability at high speed.

PROJECT ON ELECTRONIC STEERING SYSYTEM

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Shivam Dwivedi ◽  
Prof. Vikas Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Steering System ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Variable Pressure ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
Control Techniques ◽  
Steering Mechanism ◽  
Dynamics And Control ◽  
Active Research ◽  
Electronic Steering ◽  
And Control

As the four-wheel steering (4WS) system has great potentials, many researchers' attention was attracted to this technique and active research was made. As a result, passenger cars equipped with 4WS systems were put on the market a few years ago. This report tries to identify the essential elements of the 4WS technology in terms of vehicle dynamics and control techniques. Based on the findings of this investigation, the report gives a mechanism of electronically controlling the steering system depending on the variable pressure applied on it. This enhances the controlling and smoothens the operation of steering mechanism.

Study on Driver and Vehicle System With Lane-Tracking Control System Using Steering Torque Input

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masao Nagai ◽  
Hidehisa Yoshida ◽  
Kiyotaka Shitamitsu ◽  
Hiroshi Mouri
Keyword(s):  
Tracking Control ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Torque Control ◽  
Steering Wheel ◽  
Control Input ◽  
Steering Angle ◽  
Lane Tracking ◽  
Steering Torque

Abstract Although the vast majority of lane-tracking control methods rely on the steering wheel angle as the control input, a few studies have treated methods using the steering torque as the input. When operating vehicles especially at high speed, drivers typically do not grip the steering wheel tightly to prevent the angle of the steering wheel from veering off course. This study proposes a new steering assist system for a driver not with the steering angle but the steering torque as the input and clarifies the characteristics and relative advantages of the two approaches. Then using a newly developed driving simulator, characteristics of human drivers and the lane-tracking system based on the steering torque control are investigated.

Vehicle Stability Control on Tire Burst Steering and Braking Condition With Active Steering System

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaqi Dai ◽  
Jian Song ◽  
Liangyao Yu
Keyword(s):  
Control Strategy ◽  
Steering System ◽  
Stability Control ◽  
Steering Angle ◽  
Tire Force ◽  
Vehicle Stability Control ◽  
Yaw Moment Control ◽  
Moment Control ◽  
Control Layer ◽  
Yaw Moment

By analyzing the key safety problems under the front-outside-tire burst steering condition, a vehicle stability control strategy is proposed in this paper, which is based on active front steering and differential braking systems. Taken both the handling stability and safety into account, we divided the whole control strategy into two layers, which are yaw moment control layer and the additional steering angle & tire force distribution layer. To solve the similar linear problem concisely, the LQR control is adopted in the yaw moment control layer. To achieve the goal of providing enough additional lateral force and yaw moment while keeping the burst tire in appropriate condition, the additional steering angle provided by active front steering system and the tire force distribution was adjusted step by step. To test the proposed control strategy performance, we modelling a basic front-outside-tire burst steering condition, in which the tire blows out once the vertical pressure reach the predefined critical value. Through simulation on different adhesion coefficient road, the control strategy proposed in this paper performance quite better compare with the uncontrolled one in aspect of movement, burst tire protection, handling stability.

scholarly journals Design of steering system of a buggy

2020 ◽  
Vol 327 ◽  
pp. 03004
Author(s):  
D. Santana Sanchez ◽  
A. Mostafa
Keyword(s):  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Steering System ◽  
Nonlinear Finite Element ◽  
Load Carrying Capacity ◽  
Dynamic Effects ◽  
Flexural Behaviour ◽  
Steering Angle ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Good Agreement

The present paper discusses the design analysis and limitations of the steering system of a buggy. Many geometrical and performance characteristics of the designed steering system were considered to address the kinematic constraints and load carrying capacity of the steering elements. Ackremann geometry approach was used to assess the limiting steering angle, while Lewis bending formula with the inclusion of dynamic effects was employed to characterise the flexural properties of the rack and pinion steering system. Analytical results were numerically verified using ABAQUS/Explicit nonlinear finite element (FE) package. Good agreement has been achieved between analytical and numerical results in predicting the flexural behaviour of the steering rack and pinion system.

scholarly journals A Fast Calculation Method for Improving the Steering Arm of Mining Trucks with Macpherson Suspension

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (18) ◽  
pp. 8614
Author(s):  
Jianwei Wu ◽  
Qidi Fu ◽  
Jianrun Zhang ◽  
Beibei Sun
Keyword(s):  
Calculation Method ◽  
Rolling Resistance ◽  
Economic Cost ◽  
Coupling Model ◽  
Resistance Coefficient ◽  
Extreme Conditions ◽  
Fast Calculation ◽  
Vehicle Velocity ◽  
Steering Mechanism ◽  
Improvement Scheme

The steering arm has recently been frequently broken in a kind of mining truck with Macpherson suspension. To accelerate replacing the broken parts and minimize the economic cost, a fast calculation method for improving the steering arm is proposed in this paper. In this method, the forces on the steering arm are calculated by quasi-static analysis under a low vehicle velocity. Dynamic characteristics of the tire and road are partly included by considering the ranges of the rolling resistance coefficient and friction coefficient from the empirical values, which determines the torque on the steering arm under extreme conditions. The rigid–flexible coupling model for the left steering mechanism in ANSYS Workbench is established and solved to obtain the distribution stress on the steering arm under extreme conditions. Then, the reliability of the simulation results based on this fast calculation method is verified by the experiment. After determining an improvement scheme considering the economic and time cost, the satisfactory strength is obtained. The results illustrate that the strength of the improved steering arm has nearly doubled. Finally, the effectiveness of the improved steering arm is demonstrated by the users’ feedback after it is manufactured, installed, and used.

A critical review on automation of steering mechanism of load haul dump machine

2019 ◽  
Vol 234 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-182
Author(s):  
Sreeharsha Rowduru ◽  
Niranjan Kumar ◽  
Ajit Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Critical Review ◽  
Tracking Error ◽  
Steering System ◽  
Pictorial Representation ◽  
Research Gaps ◽  
Steering Mechanism ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Automatic Steering ◽  
Complete Automation ◽  
Future Work

This article presents a brief note on the evolution of steering mechanisms and more emphasized on articulated steering system of the load haul dump machine. In this respect, pictorial representation of the evolution of steering mechanisms for on-road and articulated steering mechanisms of the load haul dump machine is made from the available literature. Critical review on basic elements required for the complete automation of the load haul dump vehicle steering system is presented. Different types of controllers for path tracking error minimization of the scale-modeled or simulated model of the load haul dump steering system are tabulated. Few case studies stimulating the complete automation of the load haul dump steering system employed on the field are also discussed. Challenges and some research gaps in making fully automated steering system of the load haul dump machine are identified in this review article. At the end, based on the critical review, some novel methods for making the fully automated steering system of the load haul dump machine is provided, which is the potential future work for the design and development of feasible automatic steering system.

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