scholarly journals Evaluation of wound healing potentials of neem (Azadirachtaindica) leaf extract on excision wounds in Wistar albino rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Olorunsola ◽  
F. Oke ◽  
A. S. Bagbe ◽  
O. A. Ayeyinbo
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Wound Closure ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Orthodox Medicine ◽  
Procaine Penicillin ◽  
Group A ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
Group B

This study was carried out to evaluate the wound healing ability of ethanoic leaf extract of Azadirachta indica, incorporated into the feed of albino rats. Twenty-four (24) albino rats of both sexes weighing between 90 to 125g were randomly selected and divided into three (3) groups of 8 rats each. Animals in each group were divided into four (4) replicates of two (2) rats per replicate. Group A had penicillin, group B had neem ointment and group C had Neem incorporated in the feed. The ethanoic leaf extract of Azadirachta indica showed a significantly higher (p<0.05) contraction rate and shortened wound closure time. The healing was 92% (p<0.05) on 10th day compared to 75% and 82% of healing with ground leaf of A. indica incorporated into the feed (neem + feed) and procaine penicillin, respectively. The complete wound closure took place on the 12th day in the case of ethanoic leaf extract of Azadirachta indica while, neem + feed and procaine penicillin the wounds persisted than12th day. The study concluded that the ethanoic leaf extract of A. indica had better potential wound healing activity for excision wounds; justifying its use in the traditional and orthodox medicine.

scholarly journals Effect of Cleome gynandra leaf extract on the estrous cycle and histology of the ovary and uterus of wistar albino rats

1970 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1385-1394
Author(s):  
Lemuel Ann Monima ◽  
Muhammad Buhari ◽  
Sodiq Lawal ◽  
Echoru Isaac ◽  
Ssempijja Fred ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Estrous Cycle ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Cleome Gynandra ◽  
Group A ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
Group B

Cleome gynandra is a medicinal plant that is used all over Uganda to hasten childbirth because, it possesses the ability to contract the uterus. It is also used as an abortifacient in the first trimester. In this study, the effects of Cleome gynandra were investigated on the estrous cycle and the histology of the ovary and uterus of adult Wistar rat. Twelve adult female Wistar rats of 130-140g average weight were used. These were divided into three groups of four animals each. Group A received distilled water only, while animals in groups B and C received 250mg/kg body weight and 500mg/kg body weight of extract, orally and daily respectively. Monitoring of estrous cycle continued throughout the three weeks of extract administration. After three weeks, the ovaries and uteri were excised and processed for histological examination. In the ovary, there was a reduction in number of primordia, primary, secondary and graafian follicles in the treated groups. Vacuolations were common to both the ovarian and uterine tissues of treated animals. The estrous cycle of Group B and C, showed a mild disruption when compared to animals in Group A. The results showed that the plant extract studied, exerted negative influences on the estrous cycle and histology of the ovary and uterus of Wistar albino rats, suggesting a disturbance on the reproductive health of the animals. Further studies to determine the mechanism of action of Cleome gynandra on the ovary and uterus and the levels of FSH, LH, estradiol and progesterone is recommended.Key Words: Cleome gynandra, estrous cycle, Wistar albino rats, ovarian follicles.

scholarly journals Effect of Oral Administration of the Leaf Extract of Uvaria chamae (Mmimi Ohia) in Albino Wistar Rats

2020 ◽  
pp. 52-56
Author(s):  
Innocent S. I. Ogbu ◽  
Eugenia O. Okafor ◽  
Emmanuel Ifeanyi Obeagu ◽  
Chinemerem C. Ogbu ◽  
Bessie Nonyelum. Esimai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Lymphocytic Infiltration ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Toxicological Effects ◽  
Forest Regions ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Uvariachamae (vernacular; mmimiohia) belongs to the family Annonaceae. It is a small tree that grows wild to about 4.5 meters in the savanna and rain forest regions of Nigeria and other African countries. It is known to possess various medicinal and therapeutic properties. The biochemical and toxicological effects of its ethanolic leaf extract on Wistar albino rats were assessed in this study. Twenty albino rats grouped into 4 (5 animals in each group) were used. Group A served as control while groups B, C, D received 250, 500 and 1 000mg/kg body weight of the extract for a period of 30 days. The mean alkaline phosphatase activity of the control was 350±11.0Iu/l as against 490±38.00, 630±60, and 370±20 for groups B, C, and D (p =0.01, ˃0.05, 0,001) respectively. The mean serum urea concentration of the control was 5.00±0.19mg/dl as against 3.80±0.31, 3.30±0.28 and 3.50±0.18mg/dl (p=0.01, 0.001, 0.001) for groups B, C, D respectively. The extract had no significant effects on the liver enzymes, ALT and AST, serum sodium, potassium, chloride as well as creatinine of the rats. Serum bicarbonate was raised significantly, 26.00±0.53, 28.00±0.60, 27.00±1.10, 29.00±1.10 for groups B, C, D (p= 0.042, ˃0.05, 0.043) respectively. Histological studies showed no abnormality in the kidneys and mild peri-portal lymphocytic infiltration of the liver. Phytochemical analyses of the extract revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, resins, proteins terpenoids and reducing sugar. Hence, ethanolic extract of leaves of Uvaria chamae has no serious deleterious effects on Wistar albino rats and may be safely used in traditional medical practice.

scholarly journals Amelioration of Diabetic Nephropathy in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats by Acacia catechu Leaves Extract

2019 ◽  
Vol 09 (03) ◽  
pp. 116-120
Author(s):  
Prima D’souza ◽  
Rajendra Holla ◽  
Gangadhara Swamy
Keyword(s):  
Intraperitoneal Administration ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Group A ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
Group B ◽  
Histopathological Studies ◽  
Acacia Catechu

Abstract Objective The present study was performed to evaluate the ethanolic extract of leaves of Acacia catechu (A. catechu) for its effect on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes mellitus (DM) and its renal complications in male Wistar albino rats. Materials and Methods Male Wistar albino rats were grouped into control (A), STZ-induced DM (B), STZ-induced DM rats with A. catechu orally of 75 mg/kg body weight (kbw) for 35 days (C), with each group having six rats (n = 6) weighing between 200 to 250 g each. Group A receives only water, orally; group B receives a single dose of STZ at 45 mg/kbw intraperitoneal administration (IP); group C receives STZ IP and oral A. catechu for 35 days. On the 36th day, animals were euthanized, the kidney tissues were analyzed for biochemical parameters, such as GOT (glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase), GPT (glutamic pyruvic transaminase), oxidative stress assessment parameters, and histopathological studies. Results In group C rats, activities of the enzymes were nearer to group A when compared with group B. Histopathological findings were also suggesting that renal toxicity were observed at a lesser extent in group C. Conclusion The ethanolic extract of A. catechu signified as nephroprotective effect. The present data could provide adequate confirmation of the efficacy of ethanolic extract of leaves of A. catechu for further experimental studies on a standardized formulation.

scholarly journals Histological Changes in Proximal and Distal Convoluted Tubules of Kidney of Albino Rats after Exposure to Mosquito Coil Smoke Inhalation

Esculapio ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4 (oct 2020 - dec 2020)) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazia Siddique ◽  
Masooma Ahmed ◽  
Maria Ilyas ◽  
Rukhsana Jabeen ◽  
Abdul Hannan Jawad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Tissue ◽  
Smoke Inhalation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Mosquito Coil ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Group A ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
Group B ◽  
Convoluted Tubules

Objective: To evaluate the effects of the mosquito coil smoke (MCS) inhalation on histology of proximal (PCT) and distal (DCT) convoluted tubules of kidney in Wistar Albino rats. Methods: This study was approved by the Ethical Committee of PGMI, Lahore. 24 Wistar rats were selected and randomly divided into 3 groups, each containing eight animals. Group A was control; Group B and C were experimental groups and were exposed to mosquito coil smoke inhalation for 8 hours/day for two and four weeks respectively. Kidney tissue of albino rats was dissected, examined and analyzed histologically. Results: The results of MCS inhalation in histological sections of group B and C showed marked cellular necrosis and vacuolization in PCT (proximal convoluted tubule) of the kidney as compared to the group A. protein cast was absent in PCT of all groups. DCT (distal convoluted tubules) in group B and C showed marked necrosis, vacuolization and protein cast. Necrosis was more marked in group C treated with mosquito coil smoke for 4 weeks. Conclusion: The results indicate that pyrethroids in mosquito coil smoke though considered least toxic pesticides, are very harmful. Exposure of pyrethroids can induce adverse changes in tubules of kidney. Key Words: MCS Mosquito Coil Smoke, Pyrethroids, PCT Proximal convoluted tubules, DCT Distal convoluted tubules. How to Cite: Siddique N, Ahmed M, Ilyas M, Jabeen R, Jawad A.H, Iqbal Z. histological changes in proximal and distal convoluted tubules of kidney of albino rats after exposure to mosquito coil smoke inhalation. Esculapio.2020;16(04):87-91.

scholarly journals “SUPPLEMENTATION OF ZINC IN ACUTE AND CHRONIC HEAT STRESS ON ANTIOXIDANT CHANGES IN WISTAR ALBINO RATS”

2020 ◽  
pp. 14-16
Author(s):  
Antony Madhuri Bedadala ◽  
Anthony David M
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidants ◽  
Metabolic Dysfunction ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Group A ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
Group B

ABSTRACT: Introduction: Heat stress is a major health burden with potential health out-comes. Oxidative stress is a metabolic dysfunction that carries oxidative damage of cells and tissues. Zinc is a co-factor against oxidative stress. Aim: The present study was done to evaluate the Supplementation of zinc in acute and chronic heat stress on antioxidant changes in wistar albino rats. Methodology: 36 Wistar albino rats were selected for the study. They were divided into 2 Groups. Group A was acutely and Group B was chronically heat stressed rats and both were zinc pretreated. The Enzymatic and Non enzyme activity in them were estimated. Results: After acute and chronic heat stress, i) there was a significant increase (P <0.001) in lipid peroxidation activity. ii) Enzymatic and Non-enzymatic antioxidants were reduced (P < 0.001) iii) Rats pretreated with zinc showed a decrease (P< 0.001) in lipid peroxidation and increase (P < 0.001) in enzymatic antioxidants (P < 0.001) and Non enzymatic antioxidants. Key Words: antioxidants, heat stress, wistar albino rats

Acute Toxicity Assessment of Ethanolic Leaf Extract of Macrotyloma uniflorum L. on Wistar Albino Rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Priyanga ◽  
S. Hemmalakshmi ◽  
B. Vidya ◽  
P. Chella Perumal ◽  
V. K. Gopalakrishnan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Toxicity Assessment ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Macrotyloma Uniflorum ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
Ethanolic Leaf Extract

CLINICAL OUTCOME AND COST COMPARISON OF CARPAL TUNNEL WOUND CLOSURE WITH MONOCRYL® AND ETHILON®: A PROSPECTIVE STUDY

Hand Surgery ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (02) ◽  
pp. 189-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anis Dosani ◽  
Sameer K. Khan ◽  
Sheila Gray ◽  
Steve Joseph ◽  
Ian A. Whittaker
Keyword(s):  
Carpal Tunnel ◽  
Wound Closure ◽  
Unit Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Cost Comparison ◽  
Absorbable Suture ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
A Prospective Study

This prospective non-randomised two-cohort study compares the use of an absorbable suture (Poliglecrapone [Monocryl]: Group A) and a non-absorbable suture (Polyamide [Ethilon]: Group B) in wound closure after elective carpal tunnel decompression. The primary outcome was scar cosmesis as assessed by the Stonybrook Scar Evaluation Scale (SBSES); the financial cost of wound closure was compared as a secondary outocome. All fifty patients completed follow-up. At six weeks, there was no significant difference in the two groups regarding scar tenderness (p = 0.5), although residual swelling was more evident in the absorbable group (p = 0.2). The mean SBSES score at six weeks was 4.72 in Group A, and 4.8 in Group B (p = 0.3). The unit cost per closed wound of Monocryl was three times than Ethilon (p < 0.05). Ethilon is thus cost-effective without compromising the cosmetic outcome, and we recommend using this as the preferred suture for closure of carpal tunnel wounds.

Does laryngopharyngeal reflux affect healing and recovery after tonsillectomy?

2007 ◽  
Vol 122 (6) ◽  
pp. 603-608 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Elwany ◽  
Y A Nour ◽  
E A Magdy
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Laryngopharyngeal Reflux ◽  
Ph Monitoring ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Pain Scores ◽  
Blinded Study ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Control Group Group

AbstractIntroduction:Laryngopharyngeal reflux is increasingly being implicated in several otolaryngological disorders.Aims:To study a potential correlation between pre-operative laryngopharyngeal reflux and wound healing and recovery after tonsillectomy, based on subjective and objective findings.Materials and methods:A prospective, blinded study was undertaken, including 60 patients scheduled for tonsillectomy, divided into two equal groups: a study group (group A) with pre-operative laryngopharyngeal reflux documented using ambulatory 24-hour pH monitoring; and a control group (group B) without laryngopharyngeal reflux.Results:Group A had significantly higher pain scores on the seventh and 14th post-operative days (p = 0.022 and p = 0.000, respectively) and took a significantly longer time to return to normal eating (p = 0.013), compared with group B. Group A also showed significantly slower healing on the seventh and 14th post-operative days, as estimated by assessing the grade of post-operative slough formation (p = 0.016 and p = 0.029, respectively). A significant correlation between the number of pharyngeal reflux episodes and the degree of post-operative slough was also found.Conclusions:Laryngopharyngeal reflux can significantly decrease wound healing following tonsillectomy. Therefore, pre-operative recognition and management of this condition is desirable in order to eliminate its negative post-operative effect.

Social Facilitation of Exploratory Behavior in Rats: Effects of Increased Exposure to Novel Stimuli

1966 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 587-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward C. Simmel ◽  
D. Phillip McGee
Keyword(s):  
Exploratory Behavior ◽  
Social Facilitation ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

In a replication of an earlier study, with minor modifications of apparatus and an increase of trial durations from 4 to 6 min., 6 male albino rats (Group A) who had previously explored a novel stimulus were run with 6 rats who had not. When compared with 6 rats (Group B) who had explored the stimulus and were then run with 6 Ss who had equivalent experience, Group A Ss showed significantly more exploratory responses than Group B Ss ( p = > .001). Group A Ss made 103 exploratory responses within 5 sec. of Ss with which they were paired, while Group B Ss made none. These results were in the same direction as those reported in the previous study, but the differences were much greater.

Decrement of the Purkinje Cells Diameter after Oral Intake of Lithium in Albino Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 1788-1789
Author(s):  
Tazeen Kohari ◽  
Farah Malik ◽  
Aftab Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Purkinje Cell ◽  
Purkinje Cells ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Oral Intake ◽  
Lithium Carbonate ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Cell Diameter ◽  
Group A ◽  
Cerebellar Gray Matter ◽  
Group B

Background: The histology of Cerebellar gray matter consists of a middle Purkinje cells layer with flask shaped Purkinje cells. The field of Neurology has documented that different organic compounds and metals are lethal to the excitatory Purkinje Neurons. Researches have proved Lithium to be hazardous to nervous tissue and especially Cerebellum For the past sixty years Lithium is the favorable drug for treatment of Bipolar Disorder. Aim: To Analyse and record the changes of decrement of the size of Purkinje cell Diameter after chronic Lithium ingestion. Methods: Sixteen albino rats were selected and were treated with lithium for a period of fifteen days and the data for changes in Purkinje cells Diameter was observed. Results: The Observations of Our study showed highly significantly decreased diameter of the Purinje cells in Group B (Lithium Carbonate) animals as compared to Group A Animals which were on Lab Diet Conclusion: The Morphometric Data proved that Lithium Carbonate is Toxic to Purkinje cells, and it educated our Population to use Lithium with caution. Keywords: Purkinje cell Diameter, Gray matter, Hazardous

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