scholarly journals Evaluation of the Demand-Driven Agricultural Extension Curricula among Alumni from Selected Universities in Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Oladele Oladimeji Idowu
Keyword(s):  
Data Entry ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Agricultural Extension ◽  
Fund Raising ◽  
Extension Education ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Scientific Network ◽  
Participation In Research ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

The study assessed demand-driven agricultural extension curricula by alumni from universities in Nigeria partnering with Sasakawa Africa Fund for Extension Education (SAFE) on such curriculum for at least seven years. Using a cross-sectional research design and cluster sampling technique, 227 alumni were randomly selected from a population of 520. Data were collected through structured questionnaire on socio-economic characteristics, mode of study, areas of specialization operationalized as close-ended questions and rating of programme components on a 5 -point Likert type scale of poor (1) fair (2) good (3) very good (4) excellent (5) with 70 items. Data entry and analysis were done with SPSS 25 using percentages, mean score and multiple regression analysis. Adult education approaches, supervised enterprise projects, students’ supervision, academic advice, information sharing, and participation in research projects had highest positive rating; while fund raising, scholarship, opportunity for enrolling and be part of a professional scientific network, linkage & involvement with Sasakawa Africa Association (SAA) field activities, laboratories and variety of subjects offered had highest negative rating. Socio-economic characteristics of alumni were significantly correlated and explained 49 percent of the variation in programme rating. The study recommends that there is need to review the curricula covered in this study and mechanisms for compliance with the Sasakawa methodology should be reinvigorated. Keywords: alumni, demand-driven, agricultural extension, university curricula.

scholarly journals An evaluation of compliance with the cigarettes and other tobacco products act 2003 in Koppal district, Karnataka

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 3113
Author(s):  
Vijaykumar P. Mane ◽  
Yuvaraj Bhanot Yenkanaik ◽  
Shankrappa Dhanapur ◽  
Sangappa Yallammanavar ◽  
Rashmi Sreenivasamurthy
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Sample Selection ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Data Entry ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tobacco Products

Background: Tobacco is a major risk factor for a number of diseases affecting all age groups. One person dies every six seconds due to tobacco use and up to half of current users will eventually die of a tobacco-related disease. Government of India has enacted cigarette and other tobacco products act (COTPA) in the year 2003 to control tobacco use. The objective of study was to estimate the level of compliance to selected sections (4 to 9) of COTPA (cigarette and other tobacco products – prohibition of advertisement and regulation of trade and commerce, production, supply and distribution) act, 2003 in Koppal district, Karnataka.Methods: The present study was a cross sectional study conducted as an independent evaluation of COTPA act 2003 in Koppal district as per National Tobacco Control Program guidelines. Cluster sampling technique was used for sample selection and sample consisted of 158 public places, 102 educational institutional, 87 shops/ sell points and 60 tobacco products. Data entry and analysis was done using microsoft office excel 2013.Results: The prevalence of compliance to section 4, 5, 6A, 6B, 7, 8 and 9 of COTPA act 2003 in Koppal district were 80.3%, 96.5%, 98.9%, 64.8%, 53.3%, 63.3% and 50% respectively.Conclusions: Compliance level was poor especially in relation to display of health warnings on tobacco products which needs to be tackled through strict enforcement of the existing laws.

scholarly journals Community’s misconception about COVID-19 and its associated factors among Gondar town residents, Northwest Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Habtamu Sewunet Mekonnen ◽  
Abere Woretaw Azagew ◽  
Chalachew Adugna Wubneh ◽  
Getaneh Mulualem Belay ◽  
Nega Tezera Assimamaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Occupational Status ◽  
Data Entry ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gondar Town ◽  
Study Participants

Abstract Background Despite the implementation of various strategies such as the declaration of COVID-19 emergency state, staying at home, lockdown, and massive protective equipment distribution, still COVID-19 is increasing alarmingly. Therefore, the study aimed to assess the community’s perception of COVID-19 and its associated factors in Gondar town, Northwest Ethiopia. Methods A community-based cross-sectional study was employed among 635 Gondar administrative town residents, from April 20 to April 27, 2020. Study participants were selected using a cluster sampling technique. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered structured questionnaire. Epi-Data version 4.6 and STATA 14 were used for data entry and analysis, respectively. Logistic regressions (bivariable and multivariable) were performed to identify statistically significant variables at p < 0.05. Results Of the 635 study participants, 623 have completed the study with a 98.1% response rate. The mean age of participants was 36.32 years (SD ± 13.24). The overall magnitude of the community’s misconception about COVID-19 stood at 56.9% (349). Age and religion showed a negative association with misconceptions. To be specific, being in the age group of 27–33 (AOR = 0.52, 95% CI 0.32, 0.86) and being a Muslim (AOR 0.51, 95% CI 0.34, 0.78) were negatively associated with the misconception of COVID-19, whereas occupation and awareness showed positive associations with the misconception. To be specific, having an unemployed occupational status (AOR = 1.79, 95% CI 1.14, 2.82) and being unaware of the number of cases of COVID-19 (AOR 1.66, 95% CI 1.05, 2.62) were positively associated with the community’s misconception on COVID-19. Conclusion The magnitude of the community’s misconception about COVID-19 among Gondar town residents was high. Age, religion, unemployment, and unawareness about the number of COVID-19 cases were significant factors of misconception about COVID-19. Thus, stakeholders ought to build community perceptions about COVID 19. To resolve misinformation about COVID-19, accurate and relevant information should be provided to the community using appropriate communication media.

ADOLESCENT BEHAVIOR IN UNWANTED PREGNANCY PREVENTION

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
Arip Ambulan Panjaitan
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Risky Sexual Behavior ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Unwanted Pregnancy ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Adolescent Behavior ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction: Adolescent are at high risk of unwanted pragnency, including abortion, STIs, HIV/AIDS. Risky sexual behavior is one of the entrance transmissions of unwanted pregnancy. Such behavior can be influenced by various factors, beyond and within the individual factors. Teens need the support and motivation in deciding not to do risky sexual behavior. The purpose of this study was to investigate the determinants of adolescent behavior in the prevention of unwanted pregnancy.Methods: This research used cross-sectional design. The populations were students of senior high school in District Sintang. The were 123 respondents chosen by cluster sampling technique for this study. All data were collected using questionnaires and then analysed using bivariate (chi square) and multivariate analysis (logistic regression).Results: The results showed that the majority of respondents did not have good knowledge about the prevention of unwanted pregnancy. Related variable is the level of parental education (p=0.001), the support of parents/guardians (p=0.009), support teachers (p=0.005), peer support (p=0.039), residency (p=0.009), a pastime activity (p=0.000), knowledge of adolescents about reproductive health (p=0.016), perception ability of adolescents (p=0.006) and attitude of adolescents (p=0.049). Adolescent self-perception abilities are variables that most influence on the behavior of adolescents in the prevention of unwanted pregnancy.Conclusions: Efforts to improve reproductive health programs should be early and adolescent have responsibilities as well as healthy behaviors.

scholarly journals Relationship between Peer Pressure and Risk of Eating Disorders among Adolescents in Jordan

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nihaya A. Al-sheyab ◽  
Tamer Gharaibeh ◽  
Khalid Kheirallah
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Peer Influence ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Peer Pressure ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Disordered Eating Behaviors

Background. The prevalence of disordered eating behaviors (DEBs) have increased worldwide. It is estimated that about 31.6% of Jordanian adolescents developed DEB. Engaging in peer groups is a prominent event in which adolescents try to belong to peers as part of exploring their social identity. Purpose. To assess the relationship between risk of eating disorders and peer pressure among adolescents. Methods. A descriptive, correlational, cross-sectional design utilized multistage cluster sampling technique was used to recruit students from 8th to 10th grades from both sexes from schools in northern Jordan. Data were collected from a self-administered, online questionnaire which was given to 738 participants. Results. The difference in overall mean of the Inventory of Peer Influence on Eating Concerns (I-PIEC) between adolescents with disordered eating behaviors and normal eating behaviors states was statistically significant. Scores for interaction peer pressure means were statistically higher for girls than for boys; conversely, likeability mean scores were statistically higher for boys than girls. Conclusions. The current findings suggest that healthcare professionals are encouraged to conduct appropriate school-based primary prevention for disordered eating behaviors.

scholarly journals Influence of environmental factors and its associated health risks of noise pollution in Owerri Metropolis, Imo State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 001-010
Author(s):  
Mbaegbu Nnamdi O ◽  
Oparaocha Evangeline T ◽  
Ede Alison O ◽  
Zubair Abdulkarim I ◽  
Odupute Colman N ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Noise Level ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Noise Generation ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Descriptive Research

Noise pollution contributes to environmental degradation and poses a threat to human and terrestrial lives. Noise pollution can be regarded as environmental noise and the propagation of noise may develop a harmful impact on the activity of human or animal life. This study was conducted to determine the influence of environmental factors and its associated health risks of noise pollution in Owerri Metropolis, Nigeria. The study employed a cross sectional descriptive research design. Measurement of noise levels was carried out at 24 different locations. The sampling technique used in this study was a cluster sampling technique. The average reading for each location and each ward were calculated. Also, 900 respondents comprising adults who live and/or operate in the areas were interviewed on the health risks associated with noise, using structured and standardized questionnaire. The results obtained showed that the computed average noise level at the 24 different locations ranged from 79.4 – 95.8dB, and all of which were significantly (P<0.05) above the acceptable standard ranges of <80dB, thereby rating the noise level not acceptable because they can be capable of causing discomfort and pains in man. Influence of environmental factors on noise pollution; 29(3.2%) reported heavy vehicular traffic plying residential areas contributed to noise generation, 33(3.7%) said indiscriminate blowing of siren. Perceived health risks were reported as 47(5.2%) disturbs sleep, 24(2.7%) causes annoyance, 41(4.61%) causes headache and 21(2.3%) interference with conversation. In conclusion, environmental factors, poor education and lack of enforcement of the laws influence noise generation and there is need to check the level of noise pollution in Owerri Metropolis.

scholarly journals Students’ Confidence Instrument Analysis in Poetry Learning through Rasch Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 289-299
Author(s):  
Nandang Rusmana ◽  
Anne Hafina ◽  
Risnawati Oktavia Wardhany ◽  
Dodi Suryana
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Rasch Model ◽  
Item Difficulty ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Partial Credit Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Confidence Levels ◽  
Student Confidence

Background: Students' low confidence becomes the reasons for conducting this research whereas it is one of the most important skills needed to develop ability and potency. Objective: This research aims to obtain information about Students' confidence levels in Bahasa Indonesia's subject, especially in poetry learning. Materials and Methods: This research employed a cross-sectional study with the quantitative approach. Participants of this research were 45 fifth grade students in Cibeureum Elementary School and 50th grade students in Kotabaru Elementary School 2019/2020 academic year. The self-report questionnaires were used as a research instrument to measure Students' confidence levels with the cluster sampling technique. Data were analyzed using the Partial Credit Model (PCM). These parameters are identified with the category coefficients and the scoring function of the Rasch model for polychotomous responses in which the latent trait is assumed uni-dimensional. Results: The trial results showed that as many as 13 items proved to be compatible with PCM instruments, the reliability of the instrument was 0.74, the item difficulty index started from -0.36 to 0.36 which meant that all items in the category were sufficient. Conclusion: This development instrument is valid and really measures the effect of student confidence on poetry learning, so it can be used to measure student confidence in poetry learning.

scholarly journals The impact of pictorial warning attached on cigarette packet to the attitude of smoking habit

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (Number 1) ◽  
pp. 20-23
Author(s):  
Dr. Kamrun Nahar ◽  
Prof. Dr. Belal Ahmed ◽  
Prof. Dr. Md. Khorshed Alam
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Habit ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
Warning Message ◽  
Attitude And Practice ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

This was a cross sectional descriptive study conducted to assess the effect pictorial warning message on cigarette packets to the attitude and practice of smokers using a semi-structured questionnaire employing purposive sampling technique with a sample size of 214 by face to face interview carried out in different cities, towns, and villages of Bangladesh from August 2016 to February 2017. Almost 97.6% were male and Most of the respondents (40.9%) belonged to the 20-29 years age group. Majority (58.3%) of them were educated from secondary to graduate few percent below primary. Highest 22.9% respondents were students followed by 17.6% private job holder, 16.9% day labor and only 1.4% was jobless. About 40.2% started smoking by the influence of friends, 26.2% started on curiosity and 20% due to depression and majority 41.0% smoked 1-5 cigarette sticks per day. More than half (65.5%) of respondents felt relax to refreshing by smoking and about two third 77.6% continued their smoking due to habitual act or psychological pleasure Almost 93.4% gave attention to the pictorial warning on the cigarette packets. About 46.4% thought pictorial warning in cigarette packets alarms for not to smoke and only 23.8% thought smoking will cause cancer; 21.4% thought smoking is injurious to health. After seeing the pictorial warning on cigarettes 57.6% reduced the smoking number of sticks per day also attempted to quit smoking. To reduce this restricting the advertisement of tobacco, arranging campaign to raise awareness among people about the health and environmental hazards of smoking and increase the tax on tobacco.

scholarly journals A descriptive study to assess the knowledge of coronavirus among nursing students, Sirmaur, Himachal Pradesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 4422
Author(s):  
Anjali Devi Sharma ◽  
Kavita Verma ◽  
Manisha Sehgal ◽  
Yachana Verma ◽  
Anupama K.
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Students ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Descriptive Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Team ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an emerging infectious disease caused by novel coronavirus and hence this pandemic has a great impact on the education system. Nursing students as part of the health team should know the coronavirus like other communicable diseases. Methods: A quantitative approach and cross-sectional survey research design used to assess the knowledge of Coronavirus among 145 nursing students of district Sirmaur selected through the convenient sampling technique. An online self-structured questionnaire used as a tool for data collection. Descriptive data analysis was done with SPSS (version 23).Results: The result of the study revealed that only 31.7% of students had good knowledge about COVID-19, and 68.3% had average knowledge. Conclusions: There is a need for intervention such as educational programs or pieces of training to educate about the pandemic and its prevention practices to undergraduate students to make our society more secure.

scholarly journals Patients’ satisfaction with quality of care in general hospitals in Ebonyi State, Nigeria, using SERVQUAL theory

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 205031212094512
Author(s):  
MaryJoy Umoke ◽  
Prince Christian Ifeanachor Umoke ◽  
Ignatius O Nwimo ◽  
Chioma Adaora Nwalieji ◽  
Rosemary N Onwe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Care ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Healthcare Facility ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
General Hospitals ◽  
Patients Satisfaction

Background: Patient satisfaction is an essential parameter in the assessment of quality of care and healthcare facility performance. Objective: To investigate patients’ satisfaction with quality of care in general hospitals in Ebonyi State, South East, Nigeria, using the SERVQUAL. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study design was employed on a sample of 400 patients using a 27-item structured open-ended patients’ satisfaction questionnaire with a multi-stage cluster sampling technique. Patients included in the study were those who must have come for an outpatient clinic within the period, be 18 years and above, and those who gave consent to participate. Of 400 questionnaires administered, 396 (99%) were retrieved. SPSS version 20 was used for data analysis. Descriptive statistics, such as frequencies, percentages, mean score ( x), and standard deviation, were employed for interpretation. Results: Out of 396 patients, 156 (39.4%) were male and 240 (60.6%) were females. Most patients were 18–39 years (233 (58.8%)), had secondary education (139 (35.1%)), married (221 (55.8%)), earned <18,000 (170(42.9%)), and were traders (136 (34.3%)). Patients were satisfied with tangibility (2.57 ± 0.99) and reliability (2.84 ± 0.95) and very satisfied with responsiveness (3.06 ± 0.63), assurance (3.07 ± 0.63), and empathy (3.12 ± 0.57). Conclusions: Patients were satisfied with the quality of care. However, satisfaction was highest with empathy and lowest with tangibility. Thus, managers should focus their quality improvement efforts on areas of the neat appearance of health workers, waiting facilities for attendants and patients, and hygienic conditions at the hospital. Also, biannual assessment of patients’ satisfaction should be done and the results generated use judiciously to provide a platform for health sector reform.

scholarly journals Oral Cancer: Awareness Among People of Biratnagar

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-64
Author(s):  
Durga Devi Chaulagain ◽  
Kamal Prasad Parajuli ◽  
Bhumika Khatiwada
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Cancer Awareness ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chewing Tobacco ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
The People ◽  
One Way Anova ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

 Background: Increased use of tobacco and tobacco products result into increment of patients with oral cancer. Many people are still unaware of the consequences of chewing tobacco. Approximately 19% of participants had adequate knowledge of awareness, large number of participants, i.e., 73% had moderate knowledge of awareness and 8% of the participants had inadequate level of awareness about oral cancer. Methods and materials: Analytical cross-sectional research design was used for the study. Samples were selected by non-probability purposive sampling technique. Structured questionnaire was used to collect data from respondents. Frequencies, mean and standard deviations were used to describe the socio-demographic variables. Independent t-test and one-way ANOVA test were used to find the main difference of awareness scores by socio-demographic variables. Results: Among 90 participants, 18% had adequate level of awareness, 73% had moderate and 7.8% of participants had inadequate level of awareness regarding oral cancer. Conclusion: The study showed that awareness regarding oral cancer among the people of Biratnagar Metropolitan City is moderate. The study emphasizes that the effects must be made to make people aware of oral cancer.Journal of Nobel Medical CollegeVolume 7, Number 1, Issue 12, January-June 2018, Page: 60-64

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