scholarly journals Effect of captive rearing on meat and haemolymph nutritional characteristics of snail (Archachatina marginata swainson)

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1677-1680
Author(s):  
I.E. Odiaka ◽  
A.S. Kehinde ◽  
O.O. Babatunde ◽  
T.A. Adebisi-Fagbohungbe ◽  
F.A. Abuldulazeez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Significant Variation ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
Land Snails ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
Nutritional Characteristics ◽  
Nutritional Qualities ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Range Test ◽  
Captive Rearing

An experiment was conducted to investigate and compare the impact of treatment, which is the source of snail (wild and captive reared) on the proximate and mineral composition (Na, K, Ca, Mg, P, Fe and Mn) of the meat and haemolymph of African land snails (Archachatina marginata). Ninety (90) adult snails (250.00 + 0.5g) were randomly distributed into two (2) treatments, each of three replicates, (15 snails per replicate), in a Complete Randomized Design. Samples of meat and haemolymph collected using standard procedures were subsequently analyzed for their nutritional qualities, using standard chemical analytical procedures. All data collected were statistically analyzed using ANOVA, while significant variation were separated with Duncan Multiple Range Test of the same package. The proximate composition of the meat revealed higher (P>0.05) DM (26.00%), Ether extract (2.17%) and NFE (3.57%) in SC, while there was a non-significant variation (P<0.05) in most proximate factors for haemolymph, except NFE (4.27%), which was higher (P>0.05) in SW. The mineral profiling of the meat revealed  elevated (PP>0.05) levels of Fee (22.30mg/kg) and Mn (4.79mg/kg) of SC, the haemolymph recorded improved levels (P>0.05) for all mineral elements in SC. In conclusion, the captive rearing of snail had improved impact on thenutritional qualities of SC.

scholarly journals Evaluation of some heavy metals bio-accumulation in meat and haemolymph of african landsnail (Archachatina Marginata Swainson)

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1743-1746
Author(s):  
T.A. Adebisi -Fagbohungbe ◽  
A.S. Kehinde ◽  
O.O. Babatunde ◽  
I.E. Odiaka ◽  
F.A. Abuldulazeez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Significant Variation ◽  
Treatment Trial ◽  
Duncan Multiple Range Test ◽  
Analytical Procedures ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Range Test ◽  
Captive Rearing

The impact of captive rearing of snails (Archachatina marginata) on the bio-accumulation of some heavy metals (HMs) (Fe, Mn, Cu, Pb, Co, Ni, Cd and Cr) in the meat and haemolymph was evaluated in a two treatment trial (snails from the wild, (SW) and captive reared snails, (SC), each comprised of sixty snails of three replicates. Alldata collected (using standard analytical procedures) were subjected to ANOVA and significant means separated by Duncan Multiple Range Test. The trial revealed that the meat of SC had outstanding (P>0.05) Fe (22.30mg/kg) and Mn(4.79mg/kg), with no significant variation for DM, while the haemolymph recorded non-significant (P< 0.05) concentration for (Mn, Pb, Co, Ni, Cd and Cr). Its levels of Fe (3.50mg/kg) and Cu (2.06mg/kg) were however significantly (P>0.05) impacted by captive rearing. Generally the level of Cr in the meat and haemolymph were higher than 0.05mg/kg recommendation by WHO, hence snail meat and haemolymph must be consumed with caution and guidance.

scholarly journals Ketersediaan dan Serapan Mg Kacang Tanah Alfisol dengan Abu Vulkanik Kelud dan Pupuk Organik Amandemen

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Suntoro Suntoro ◽  
Hery Widjianto ◽  
Tutik Handayani
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Volcanic Ash ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Volcanic Eruptions ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Factor Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Range Test

<p>As a result of volcanic eruptions led to the fall of the ash, but there is no much research conducted against nutrient content and the nutrient availability in soil. Disposals of volcanic ash and organic matter are expected fill Mg need in the land. Magnesium In Alfisol is still  sufficientless for peanuts. The purpose of this research is study of the impact of volcanic ash and organic fertilizer for the availability and uptake of peanuts Mg  in the Alfisol. The experiments did  in a greenhouse used completely randomized design with one factor. Data were analyzed with F test rate from 95%, and if the  treatments showed significant influenced were continued with rate duncan's multiple range test fence from 95%. The observed variables include the levels of chlorophyll, available Mg and uptake Mg. Research results show that the interaction from treatment chlorophyll content, available Mg and uptake  Mg. Based on the findings of the observations of volcanic ash disposals operating significantly impact the availability of magnesium.</p>

scholarly journals The impact of processing methods on chemical composition, mineral bioavailability and functional properties of Nigerian-grown cashew flour

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Makinde Folasade Maria ◽  
Joel Ifeoluwa Hannah
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Functional Properties ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
Time Duration ◽  
Processing Methods ◽  
Nutritional Factors ◽  
Mineral Bioavailability ◽  
Mineral Concentrations ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Range Test

In this study, the effect of processing methods on the nutritional quality and functional properties of cashew (Anacardium occidentale Linn) kernels were investigated. The kernels were soaked, autoclaved, roasted or germinated at varying time duration; raw kernel served as control. The samples were analysed for chemical, mineral bioavailability and functional properties. Data was subjected to analysis of variance and means were separated by the Duncan multiple range test. The result of chemical composition analyses revealed that raw cashew kernels contained 3.55±0.08% moisture, 21.3±0.05% protein, 45.0±0.15% fat, 2.53±0.02% fibre, 1.59±0.02% ash, 26.1±0.01% carbohydrate, 521.75 Kcal/g energy, 2210.09±0.02mg/kg calcium, 1712.54±0.03mg/kg magnesium, 60.04±0.01 mg/kg iron and 36.74±0.02mg/kg zinc. Tannin, phytate and oxalate concentrations in the raw cashew kernel were 10.14±0.03 mg/kg, 99.30±0.02mg/kg and 11.03±0.03mg/kg respectively. Increased fat, ash and fibre levels were noted for treated samples compared to raw kernels. Mineral concentrations were increased significantly by various treatments compared to raw kernel; however, germination resulted in the highest increase of mineral content. A reduction trend was observed in phytate, oxalate and tannin concentrations in the treated samples with respect to increased processing time. Consequently, various treatments influenced the bioavailability of mineral elements. Treated samples exhibited significant differences in loose and packed bulk densities, water and oil absorption capacities when compared to raw kernels. Germination shows potential to generate not only much needed nutrients in cashew for human development, but also improved bioavailability of nutrients and functionality compared to other processing methods. This approach can used in Community Nutrition and Emergency Feeding Programmes, in developing countries, where the consequence of anti-nutritional factors may worsen the incidence of malnutrition and disease. 

scholarly journals Concentration of some heavy metals in the hair, kidney and liver of cattle and goats in the oil and non–oil producing areas of Ondo State

2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 49-55
Author(s):  
G. O. Egigba ◽  
E. I. Odokuma ◽  
U. J. Ikhatua ◽  
M. A. Bamikole
Keyword(s):  
Significant Variation ◽  
Chromium Concentration ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Oil Exploration ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Regulatory Bodies ◽  
Ondo State ◽  
Range Test

Pollutions due to anthropogenic sources have made some animals possible carriers of certain toxic substances which could have detrimental effects on humans. In this study, the concentrations of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg) and chromium (Cr) in the hair, kidney and liver of cattle and goats in the oil producing areas (OPA) and none oil producing areas (NOPA) of Ondo state, Nigeria, were evaluated. Hair, kidney and liver samples were collected from four purposely selected Local Government Areas in Ondo state in replicates, dried and digested using a 1:3 mixture of concentrated perchloric acid (HClO4) and trioxonitrate (v) acid (HNO3). Data collected were analyzed completely randomized design (CRD) and significant means were separated using Duncan multiple range test. Lead concentration (mg/kg) were not significantly different in the organs of cattle (mean = 0.076) and goats (mean = 0.043) in the OPA but varied significantly in the NOPA with highest values in the hair of cattle (0.081) and kidney of goat (0.056). Oil exploration effect was only significant in Pb deposition in the kidney. Cadmium values (mg/kg) ranged from 0.009 to 0.031 in cattle and from 0.010 to 0.020 in goats with no significant variation. However, oil exploration showed significant effect in the Cd deposition in the kidney of cattle. Mean values of mercury concentration (mg/kg) in cattle were between 0.022 to 0.054 and 0.029 to 0.039 in goats from the OPA. In the NOPA, Hg concentration did not vary significantly in the organs of cattle but showed significant variation in the organs of goats with values ranging from 0.016 – 0.046 mg/kg. Chromium concentration (mg/kg) varied between 0.004 to 0.020 in cattle and 0.005 to 0.025 in goats with no significant variation. Conclusively, all the heavy metal concentrations obtained from analysis of the hair, kidney and liver from both the oil producing and the non – oil producing areas were below permissible limits reported by some regulatory bodies.

scholarly journals Powdery Mildew and Nutritional Qualities of Cashew Apple and Kernels

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
Uaciquete, Americo ◽  
Manjate, Cicilia ◽  
Muidingui, Lucas
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Nutritional Qualities ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
The Impact

In this study we quantitatively evaluated the impact of cashew’s powdery mildew on nutritional quality of both apples and nut products. Specifically we assessed pH, Brix, Vitamin C and the concentration of alcohol on juice, fermented juice and distilled spirit. In addition, kernels from diseased nuts were assessed for moisture, ash, lipids, proteins and carbohydrates content. A completely randomized design with at least three replications was followed in each trial and analysis of variance (ANOVA) performed to check the disease severity categories effect, on nutritional qualities of apples drinkables and kernels. Treatment means were separated by Tukey’s test (P<0.01). Apple disease severity significantly increased pH values of apple juice from 5.22 to 5.34 and 5.47 respectively from healthy, infected and severely infected fruits. Similarly, the amount of Vitamin C increased statistically from 158.92 to 169.02 and 182.15 mg/ml. Finally, Juice Total Soluble Solids (TSS) significantly increased from 13.9 to and 15.1 and 18.9 O Brix. In the wine from healthy, infected and severely infected fruits, pH values varied from 4.66 to 4.79 and 5.47 respectively. Similar trends were observed in fermented wine and distilled spirit. However, the effect of powdery mildew nut scarification on kernels content in moisture, ash, lipids, proteins and carbohydrates was not statistically significant (P>0.01). In conclusion, powdery mildew disease improved the nutritional qualities of cashew apples derived drinks but caused no effect on nutritional components of the kernels. Therefore in disease endemic regions apple selection is highly recommended for fresh consumption or preparation of cashew drinkables.

PENAMBAHAN ENZIM CAIRAN RUMEN LIMBAH RUMAH POTONG HEWAN PADA PAKAN BERBASIS WHEAT POLLARD DENGAN PROSES PENGOLAHAN PADA KOMPOSISI KIMIA PAKAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dadik Pantaya., dkk
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Steam Temperature ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Durability Index ◽  
Feed Moisture ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Enzyme Supplementation ◽  
Range Test ◽  
Basal Ration

The present study was conducted to clarify the effect of addition of enzymes from rumen liquor on performance broiler of pelleting feed with basal ration of wheat pollard with addition of enzymes and processing broiler diets. Ruminal enzymes were extracted from Australian Commercial Cross (ACC) cattles. Application of enzyme on wheat pollard. Enzyme was reacted with wheatpollard and mixed with another feedstuff before steam pelleting process. The combination nine experimental diets were used as follows three levels enzyme supplementation (0, 620 and 1.240 U/kg) and three levels steam temperature at (60, 80 and 100 oC) Feed particles size, hardness, PDI (Pellet Durability Index), moisture content, protein, GE and hemicellulosa were evaluated parameter devided into nine treatmens were used in this research. Data from Completely Randomized Design factorial 3 x 3 were analyzed with Anova, if differences were continued by Duncan’s new multiple range test. Enzyme supplementation decreased feed hardness and PDI. There were interaction beetwen enzyme and temperature for feed moisture content. Hemicellulosa was significantly reduced by steam temperature at 80 and 100 oC and enzyme supplementation 1.240 U/kgKey Words: enzyme liquor rumen, wheat pollard, steam pelleting, feed Chemical composition

Combination of Carbonated Aloe Vera Drink with Lemon Juice

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jefrianta Demu Geri ◽  
Dewi Fortuna Ayu ◽  
Noviar Harun
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Sweet Taste ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Lemon Juice ◽  
Dissolved Solids ◽  
Combination Treatments ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Yellow Color ◽  
Range Test

The purpose of this study was to determine the optimal ratio of carbonated aloe vera drink and lemon juice. This research used completely randomized design with four treatments and four replications. The treatments performed were L1 (90% carbonated aloe vera and 10% lemon juice), L2 (80% carbonated aloe vera and 20% lemon juice), L3 (70% carbonated aloe vera and 30% lemon juice), and L4 (60% carbonated aloe vera and 40% lemon juice). Data were statistically analyzed by using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and followed by duncan new multiple range test (DNMRT) at level 5%. The combination treatments of carbonated aloe vera drinks and lemon juice had a significant effect on acidity (pH), vitamin C, total dissolved solids, and descriptive and hedonic sensory assessment. The best treatment from the research was L3 (70% carbonated aloe vera and 30% lemon juice) with pH of 4.26, vitamin C of 19.97 mg, and total dissolved solids of 14.34°brix. The overall sensory test result preferred by panelists with descriptions of yellow color, lemon flavor, and had a slightly sweet taste.

Impact of Pseudomonas putida on the Growth Parameters of Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum- graecum L.): A Traditional Herbal Boon for Rural Areas

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-96
Author(s):  
Shashi Kant Shukla ◽  
◽  
Awadhesh Kumar ◽  
Anupam Dikshit ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Putida ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Leguminous Plant ◽  
Food Protein ◽  
Botany Department ◽  
Medicinal Value ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Trigonella Foenum Graecum L ◽  
The Impact

The present study aims the impact of Pseudomonas putida on different growth parameters of Trigonella sp., a leguminous plant to support the requirement of food, protein along with their medicinal value in the rural areas of India. A pot experiment was arranged based on completely randomized design with four replications at Biological Product Laboratory, Botany Department, University of Allahabad. Treatments were given at the seed level with one of control. Results indicated that application of P. putida significantly improved vegetative growth and showed an edge on the growth of the fenugreek as compared to the control.

scholarly journals Conventional and Organic Honeys as a Source of Water- and Ethanol Soluble Molecules with Nutritional and Antioxidant Characteristics

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 3746
Author(s):  
Magdalena Polak-Śliwińska ◽  
Małgorzata Tańska
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Production Method ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Organoleptic Characteristics ◽  
Nutritional Characteristics ◽  
The Impact

The benefits of natural honeybee products (e.g., honey, royal jelly, beeswax, propolis, beevenom and pollen) to the immune system are remarkable, and many of them are involved in the induction of antibody production, maturation of immune cells and stimulation of the immune system. The type of plants in the geographical area, climatic conditions and production method have a significantly influence on the nutritional quality of honey. However, this variability can influence consumer liking by the sensory attributes of the product. The aim of this work was to compare the most popular honeys from Poland in terms of nutritional value, organoleptic properties and antioxidant activity. In the study, five varieties of honey (honeydew, forest, buckwheat, linden and dandelion) from conventional and organic production methods were tested. The nutritional characteristics of honey samples included acidity, content of water, sugars, vitamin C, HMF and phenolics (total and flavonoids), while honey color, taste, aroma and consistency were investigated in the organoleptic characteristics. The antioxidant activity was determined in water- and ethanol-soluble honey extracts using DPPH and ORAC tests. The results showed that organoleptic and nutritional characteristics of popular Polish honeys differ significantly in relation to plant source and production method. The significant effect of honey variety on the content of HMF, saccharose and phenolics, as well as acidity and antioxidant capacity were noted. The impact of variety and variety × production method interaction was significant in the case of the content of vitamin C, glucose and fructose. A visible difference of buckwheat and forest honeys from other samples was observed. The highest content of total phenolics with antioxidant activity based on the SET mechanism was found in buckwheat honeys, while forest honeys were richer in flavonoids.

scholarly journals 158 Provision of artificial shade before weaning influences performance of Angus and Brangus cow-calf pairs

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 129-130
Author(s):  
Gleise Medeiros da Silva ◽  
Tessa M Schulmeister ◽  
Federico Podversich ◽  
Federico Tarnonsky ◽  
Maria E Zamora ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Paspalum Notatum ◽  
Gestation Length ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
The Impact

Abstract A completely randomized design study with a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments evaluated the impact of artificial shade (SHADE or NO SHADE) and breed (ANGUS vs. BRANGUS) on performance of cows, nursing calves, and subsequent offspring. Twenty-four Angus and 24 Brangus black-hided pregnant cows (579 ± 8 kg BW; 6.5 yr; approximately 85 d of gestation) and their nursing calves were randomly allocated to 12 ‘Pensacola’ bahiagrass pastures (Paspalum notatum Flüggé; 1.3 ha; n = 4 pairs/pasture), with or without access to artificial shade (NO SHADE BRANGUS [NSB], NO SHADE ANGUS [NSA], SHADE BRANGUS [SB], and SHADE ANGUS [SA]) for 56 d during summer. Body condition score (BCS) of cows and BW of pairs were obtained on d -1, 0, 55, and 56 (weaning weight). Following weaning, calves were randomly allocated to 4 pens (n = 12/pen) equipped with GrowSafe feed bunks for 14 d to measure feed intake (DMI) and efficiency (G:F). A shade × breed interaction (P &lt; 0.05) was observed for average daily gain (ADG) and BCS of cows, with SB being greatest (P ≤ 0.05). Pre-weaning calf ADG tended to be greater (P = 0.10) for SHADE vs. NO SHADE. Weaning weight and BW 14-d post-weaning were lesser for NSB vs. NSA, SA, and SB, whereas no differences in DMI, ADG, or G:F were observed (P &gt; 0.11). Gestation length was greater for SHADE vs. NO SHADE cows (292 vs. 274; P = 0.02), but calf birth weight was not different. Providing artificial shade to pregnant-lactating beef cows positively impacted the growth of Brangus but not Angus cows. However, weaning BW of calves from Angus cows regardless of shade access did not differ from that of Brangus calves with shade. Further research should investigate the potential long-term effects of shade on the subsequent offspring.

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