Evaluation of Anti-Fertility Property of Lawsonia Inermis L. (Lythraceae) Roots in Rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 65-70
Author(s):  
CT Samagoro ◽  
A Agunu ◽  
H Nuhu ◽  
Z Mohammed ◽  
EM Abdurrahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Ethinyl Estradiol ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Lawsonia Inermis ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Implantation Sites ◽  
And Control

Traditional contraceptive practices and use of medicinal plants is a common occurrence in Kaduna State, Nigeria. Lawsonia inermis L. (Lythraceae) roots which is the most frequently used anti-fertility agent was evaluated in rats. Apparently healthy female and male Wistar rats were used. Pre-implantation and mating ratio, determinations of implantation sites and Corpora lutea were also conducted. The effects of extract on weight of the rats were also determined. There were loss of implantation sites and decrease in body weight. The number of implantation sites showed dose–response relationship significantly (p£0.05) among the doses of extract and to standard drug (ethinyl estradiol). There was also significant (p£0.05) difference observed in the number of Corpora lutea in all experimental and control groups. Similarly, there was significant (p£0.05) difference observed in all the experimental and control groups on percentage pre-implantation loss. The plant extract exhibit anti-fertility effects. The finding may explain the traditional use of the plant as antifertility agent.Keywords: Traditional Medicine, Contraception, Methanol Extract, L. inermis Root, Medicinal Plants

In-vivo evaluation of lipid lowering ability of Chloris paraguaiensis extracts

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-24
Author(s):  
Pavani C H
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Medical Systems ◽  
In Vivo Evaluation ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
And Control

Hyperlipidemia is the immediate results of the excessive fat intake in food. This results in the elevated levels of cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood. This leads to heart conditions like CAD, hypertension, congestive heart failure as risk factors which can be lethal. There are many drugs to treat and control the lipids levels in the body. These drugs are either designed to prevent LDL accumulation and VLDL synthesis. Some drugs also lower the elevated levels of saturated lipids in the body. But many drugs are known to cause side effects and adverse effects; therefore, alternatives to the drugs are the subjects for current investigations. Herbs and medicinal plants are used as treatment sources for many years. They have been used in the Indian medical systems like Ayurveda, Siddha etc. As the application of herbs in the treatment is growing, there is an urgent need for the establishment of Pharmacological reasoning and standardization of the activity of the medicinal plants. Chloris paraguaiensis Steud. is Poyaceae member that is called locally as Uppugaddi. Traditionally it is used to treat Rheumatism, Diabetes, fever and diarrhoea. The chemical constituents are known to have anti-oxidant properties and most of the anti-oxidants have anti-hyperlipidemic activity too. Since the plant has abundant flavonoid and phenol content, the current research focusses on the investigation of the anti-hyperlipidemic activity of the plant Chloris extracts. Extracts of Chloris at 200mg/kg showed a comparably similar anti hyperlipidemia activity to that of the standard drug. The extracts showed a dose based increase in the activity at 100 and 200mg/kg body weight.

scholarly journals Burn Wound Healing Activity of Prunella Grandiflora L. Exctract

Biomeditsina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 50-56
Author(s):  
E. V. Bolotnik ◽  
L. I. Alekseeva ◽  
L. P. Larionov
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Burn Wound ◽  
Dry Extract ◽  
Burn Wound Healing ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
And Control ◽  
Wound Healing Activity

The qualitative composition of phenolic acids and burn wound healing activity of Prunella grandiflora L. extract were studied. The content of rosmarinic (621±5 mg/g), coffeic (11.2±0.2 mg/g), syringic (46.5±1.4 mg/g), n-coumaric (25.8±0.5 mg/g), and ferulic (42.7±2.9 mg/g) acids in dry extracts of P. grandiflora was determined by HPLC. Three new burn-healing agents of different composition containing 5% of the dry extract of Prunella grandiflora L. (big-flowered self-heal) were developed. The developed agents were tested on male Wistar rats with second- and third-degree thermal burns. An assessment of skin restoration was carried out in experimental and control groups of animals. It was revealed that animals treated with the developed soft dosage forms restored the epithelium and coat 6–8 days faster that those treated with compositions containing no extract under study. It was found that the developed soft dosage forms based on P. grandiflora extract exhibit anti-inflammatory and wound-healing action.

scholarly journals EX-VIVO: ANTHELMINTIC EVALUATION OF BOMBAX CEIBA STEM EXTRACTS

2020 ◽  
pp. 431-436
Author(s):  
Sukhbir Lal Khokra ◽  
Sonia Gogat ◽  
Rakesh Narang ◽  
Manish Devgun
Keyword(s):  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Anthelmintic Activity ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
And Control

Bombax ceiba plant belongs to bombacaceae family and is commonly known as Semal (Hindi) and Cotton tree (English). It has numerous effects like stimulant, astringent, haemostatic, diuretics, antidiarrhoeal, emeticand antipyretic. Major pharmacological activities reported in this plant are hypoglycemic, antianxiety, antibacterial, antiviral and anti-inflammatory. Numerous side effects and increased resistance to anthelmintic drugs prompted us to discover cost effective safe formulation of conventional medicinal plants. In the present study, research work is focused to evaluate the possible anthelmintic effects of Bombax ceiba. To investigate anthelmintic potential of Bombax ceiba plant, different extracts from dried powder stem bark were tested on adult Indian earthworms (Pheretima posthuma) having physiological & anatomical resemblance with human intestinal roundworm parasites. The drugs were divided in 14 groups consisting of test, standard and control. Each group was consisting of six Indian earthworms of approximately same size. Albendazole was used as standard drug while tween80 in normal saline (1:1) was used as control. The result data reveals that all extracts have significant anthelmintic activity as compared to Albendazole taken as standard drug. The methanolic extract at dose of 50 mg/ml concentration showed paralysis time 30±0.96 minutes and death 33.66±0.71 minutes, which is equivalent to standard drug values at dose of 20 mg/ml. Ethylacetate extract at dose of 50 mg/ml showed paralysis at 28.66±0.71 minutes and death at 34.16±1.10 minutes, which proves that it is even better than standard drug in terms of paralysis time and equipotent in terms of time taken for causing death. Thus among the extracts, ethylacetate and methanolic extracts showed maximum activity with least time taken for paralysis and death of earthworms and were found equally potent as Albendazole at a dose of 50 mg/ml. Thus, Bombax ceiba traditional use in helminitic infestation was proved scientifically. On comparing phytochemical evaluation with anthelmintic activity it is assumed that glycosides may be responsible for this activity. A further investigation may lead development of novel anthelmintic drug or formulation with anthelmintic activity.

95 THE USE OF A REARING-FASTING PROGRAM AS AN ALTERNATIVE BIO-STIMULATION METHOD TO HORMONAL EQUINE CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN TREATMENT TO CONTROL THE EMBRYO RECOVERY OF RABBIT FEMALES

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 155
Author(s):  
G. M. K. Mehaisen ◽  
A. O. Abbas
Keyword(s):  
Zealand White Rabbit ◽  
Sexual Receptivity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Embryo Recovery ◽  
Stimulation Method ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
And Control

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a rearing-fasting program as an alternative bio-stimulation method to hormonal eCG treatments on the embryo recovery of rabbit females. A total number of 119 nulliparous New Zealand White rabbit females at 14 wk old were randomly allocated into 1 of the following 3 groups before the first insemination at 18 weeks old: control group (n = 39), females were fed ad libitum until the first insemination; eCG group (n = 34), females were fed ad libitum and treated with 50 IU of eCG hormone SC 60 h before the first insemination; and r-FP group (n = 46), females were fasted 3 days per week during 3 wk and then allowed to feed ad libitum 1 wk before the first insemination. Sexual receptivity was evaluated for each group on the day of insemination. Only receptive females (74/119) were artificially inseminated and immediately were induced for ovulation by intramuscular injection with gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogue (0.8 μg of buserelin acetate). In 23 receptive females, embryos were recovered postmortem at 72 h post-insemination in each group (n = 7, 9, and 7 in control, eCG, and r-FP groups, respectively). The number of recent corpora lutea on both ovaries (CL), the number of hemorrhagic follicles (HF), the recovery rate (RR), the number of normal embryos recovered in receptive females (NE), the embryo donor rate (DR), and the blastocyst rate (BR) were recorded for all groups. A General Linear Model was performed to analyse CL, HF, and NE, and a chi-square test was used to compare sexual receptivity, RR, DR, and BR in the experimental groups (eCG, r-FP, and control). A significant increase in sexual receptivity was observed in eCG group compared with the other groups (82 v. 50 and 59%; eCG v. r-FP and control groups, respectively; P < 0.05). The CL was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in eCG group (13.8) than in r-FP and control groups (9.1 and 10.3, respectively). However, high incidence of HF was also observed in the eCG group (3.9 v. 0.9 and 1.3 in eCG v. r-FP and control, respectively; P < 0.05). The RR was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in r-FP group (64.1%) when compared with eCG and control groups (38.7 and 20.8%, respectively). The DR was significantly higher for r-FP group compared with the control (100% v. 42.9%, respectively; P < 0.05) and intermediate for eCG group (77.8%). No significant differences were observed in the NE (6.1, 5.7, and 5.0 in eCG, r-FP, and control, respectively). The BR significantly (P < 0.05) decreased in eCG group when compared with r-FP or control groups (4.7% v. 60.0 or 53.3%, respectively). Our results indicated that a rearing-fasting program followed by 1 wk of feed flushing before the first insemination of nulliparous rabbit females could be recommended as an efficient bio-stimulation method to control embryo recovery. However, these results need to be confirmed in a larger scale and several reproductive cycles before widely applied.

192 The use of human chorionic gonadotropin seven days after synchronized estrus for the increase of luteal tissue in Morada Nova ewes

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 220
Author(s):  
G. B. Vergani ◽  
J. T. Trevizan ◽  
V. S. A. Pereira ◽  
J. F. Fonseca ◽  
A. R. Garcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Physiological Solution ◽  
Saline Control ◽  
Favourable Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Luteal Tissue ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
And Control

The study was performed to evaluate whether the use of hCG 7 days after synchronized oestrus in Morada Nova ewes would increase the number and size of corpora lutea. Multiparous Morada Nova ewes (n=115, mean weight of 36.6kg, body condition score 3.13 on 1 to 5 scale) were used. Oestrus was synchronized by using an intravaginal sponge impregnated with medroxyprogesterone acetate (60mg, Progespon®, Zoetis, Parsippany, NJ, USA) for 6 days and eCG (200IU, IM Novormon®, Zoetis) plus PGF2α analogue (37.5μg, D-cloprostenol, IM, Vetglan®, Hertape Calier, Spain), both administered 24h before the sponge removal. Seven days after the synchronized oestrus, hCG (300IU, IM, Vetecor®, Hertape Calier; n=57) or normal saline (control group, 1mL, IM, 0.9% NaCl, Eurofarma Laboratory SA, Sao Paulo, Brazil; n=58) was injected. B-mode ultrasound examinations of the ovaries were performed using the equipment MyLab Vet 30 Gold (Esoate, Genoa, Italy) on Day 7 (corresponding to the day of hCG or physiological solution administrations), and 6 days later (Day 13). The number of corpora lutea present and the size of luteal tissue (sum of diameter and area) were determined. Data were analysed by ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test (mean±s.e.m.) using SAS software (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA). On Day 7, the number of corpora lutea was similar (P&gt;0.05) between the hCG and control groups (1.58±0.09v. 1.57±0.08, respectively); however, the number was higher on Day 13 (P&lt;0.05) in the hCG group (2.65±0.13) than in the control group (1.69±0.07). Similarly, there was no difference (P&gt;0.05) between groups in diameter (16.9±0.82v. 16.0±0.71mm) and area (1.61±0.07v. 1.45±0.06cm2) for hCG and control groups, respectively, on Day 7. Differences were observed on Day 13, such that the hCG ewes had luteal tissue of larger (P&lt;0.0001) diameters (27.13±1.25v. 18.44±0.85mm) and area (2.81±0.13v. 1.71±0.08cm2) than ewes of the control group. In conclusion, 300IU of hCG injected 7 days after synchronized oestrus is effective to increase the number of corpora lutea and in the size of luteal tissue. Despite indications of a favourable effect on luteal dynamics, the effects on progesterone production and conception rate need to be examined. This study was supported by CNPq and EMBRAPA (process no. 02.13.06.026.00.02).

scholarly journals Role of Exogenous Nitric Oxide Donor in Treatment of Decompensated Hemorrhagic Shock in Normotensive and Hypertensive Rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Majid Khazaei ◽  
Babak Barmaki
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Hemorrhagic Shock ◽  
Nitric Oxide Donor ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Hemodynamic Responses ◽  
No Donor ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control

Introduction. In this study, we investigated the role of exogenous NO donor, sodium nitroprusside (SNP), on hemodynamic responses and survival rate during decompensated hemorrhagic shock in normotensive and hypertensive rat.Methods. Male wistar rats were divided into normotensive and hypertensive groups (n=12each). Then, the animals were subjected to decompensated hemorrhagic shock by withdrawing blood until the mean arterial pressure (MAP) reached to 40 mmHg. After the shock period, the animals were randomly assigned to SNP-treated (0.5 mg/kg) and control groups (n=6each). MAP and heart rate (HR) were monitored throughout the experiment and 60 min after the administration of drug. Serum NO concentrations were measured. The survival rate was counted during next 72 h.Results. Infusion of SNP caused no significant changes in MAP and HR in normotensive and hypertensive animals. Hemorrhagic shock increased serum NO concentration and SNP administration reduced serum NO concentration in either normotensive or hypertensive groups. Survival counts during 72 h after experiment did not improve by SNP administration, and there were no significant differences between normotensive and hypertensive groups.Conclusion. SNP administration cannot improve hemodynamic responses and survival count during decompensated hemorrhagic shock in normotensive and hypertensive animals.

scholarly journals The effect of treatment with a slow-releasing oxytocin preparation at the onset of oestrus on the ovulation rate of Merino ewes : research note

1997 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
P.R. King ◽  
W.A. Coetzer
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Single Injection ◽  
Research Note ◽  
Ovulation Rate ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Effect Of Treatment ◽  
And Control

The effect of a slow-releasing oxytocin preparation on the ovulation rate of Merino ewes was investigated. Synchronised Merino ewes were subcutaneously injected with a slow-re-leasing preparation containing 10 IU oxytocin, 48 hours after sponge withdrawal. Laparo-scopic examination of the ovaries of all ewes was performed 10 d after the oxytocin treatment in order to determine the number of corpora lutea per ewe. The ovulation rate of the adult ewes of the treated and control groups was 179.1 % and 159.1 % respectively (p < 0.05) while that of the 2-tooth ewes was 108.3 % and 112.8 % respectively (p > 0.05). It would appear that a higher ovulation rate can be obtained by a single injection of a slow-releasing oxytocin preparation at the onset of oestrus. The lack of response in the 2-tooth ewes was probably due to their relatively low body weight.

scholarly journals The Side Effect of the Melastoma malabathricum L Ethanol Extract on the Gonad Maturation of Female Orange Mud Crab (Scylla olivacea)

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 188
Author(s):  
Nuril Farizah ◽  
Muhammad Zairin JR ◽  
Latifah Kosim Darusman ◽  
Arief Boediono ◽  
Muhammad Agus Suprayudi
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Group Treatment ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Ovary Development ◽  
Gonad Maturation ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Mud Crab ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Melastoma Malabathricum ◽  
And Control

The medicinal plants in aquaculture are currently being studied quite extensively by researchers. Medicinal plants can act as an inducer or aphrodisiac and an antifertility agent in gonad maturation. The aimed of the experiment was to known side effects of the herb M. malabathricum L. on maturation process in female mud crab (S. olivacea). This study used 40 crabs with an average weight of 200-250g. The experiment consists of two treatment groups. The controls group (A) that received 100 μl of aquadest and group treatment (B) received 100 μl of 2 mg/g of ethanol extract M. malabathricum L. were studied. For 5, 10, 15, and 20 days of experiment, crabs were anesthetized and sacrified. The ovary was collect for GSI and histology. The end of experiment days (20 day), the hemolymph was collect to used ELISA assay. The result showed, significant differences in treatment group and control groups (p<0.05) in terms the macroscopic morphology of ovary, the mean GSI and the diameter of oocytes. Histological showed the influence of extract M. malabathricum L. on inhibited the ovary development compared with the control groups. Based on this results, it is concluded that ethanol extract of M. malabathricum L. leaves at a dose of 2 mg/g act as an antifertility agent for ovary maturation of S. olivacea.

150 IN VITRO AND IN VIVO DEVELOPMENT OF EMBRYO FOLLOWING BIOPSY WITH DIFFERENT TECHNIQUES IN MOUSE EMBRYOS

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 223
Author(s):  
A. C. Taskin ◽  
H. Bagis ◽  
H. Sagirkaya ◽  
T. Akkoc ◽  
S. Arat
Keyword(s):  
Fetal Development ◽  
Total Cell ◽  
Trophectoderm Biopsy ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Cell Numbers ◽  
Development Rates ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Implantation Sites ◽  
And Control

In vitro development ratios, quality evaluation, in vivo implantation, and fetal development ratios were investigated following aspiration biopsy in 8-cell mouse embryos and trophectoderm biopsy in blastocyst developed from 8-cell stage embryos in vitro. Superovulated CB6F1 hybrid female mice (5–6 weeks) were sacrificed 68 to 72 hours after hCG administration. Eight-cell embryos were flushed from oviducts of the sacrificed mouse with HTF medium supplemented with HEPES and 3 mg mL–1 BSA. Embryos were randomly divided into two groups. In the first group, embryos at 8-cell stage were used for a single cell blastomer aspiration; in the second group, embryos were cultured in vitro until blastocyst stage. Trophectoderm cells (15% of trophoblastic cells) were biopsied from developing blastocysts. There were also control groups for both groups. Biopsy procedures for both groups were applied in 50 µL drops of Ca2+/Mg2+ free HTF medium containing HEPES+3 mg mL–1 BSA+5 µg mL–1 cytochalasine B. After biopsy, embryos were cultured in Quinn’s blastocyst medium supplemented with 4 mg mL–1 BSA and incubated in 5% CO2 and 5% O2 incubator at 37°C for 48 and 24 hours for blastomer aspiration and trophectoderm biopsy groups, respectively. While some developing blastocysts were used for determining total cell number, some of them were transferred to the recipients. Results were evaluated by independent t-test and ANOVA of SPSS 17.0 statistic program (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). In blastomere biopsy and control groups, development rates were determined as 81.02% (121/152) and 96.37% (62/63), while the total cell numbers were determined as 50 and 50, respectively. There was no significant difference between groups in terms of development ratios and total cells. In blastomer biopsy and control groups, the implantation sites and fetal development rates were found as 25% (9/36) and 26% (8/30), and 19.44% (7/36) and 20% (6/30), respectively. No significant difference was observed between groups in terms of implantation sites and fetal development rates. In trophectoderm biopsy and control groups, while the development rates were found as 86.96% (69/79) and 93.33% (23/28), the total cell numbers were 26.66 and 55.33, respectively. Although there was not any significant difference between groups in terms of development rates, there was a significant difference between groups in terms of total cell numbers (P < 0.05). In trophectoderm biopsy and control groups, the implantation sites and fetal development rates were determined as 21.88% (7/32) and 59.09% (13/22), and 0% (0/32) and 18.18% (4/22), respectively. Although there was not any significant difference between groups in terms of implantation sites, there was a significant difference between groups in terms of fetal development rates (P < 0.05). Therefore, it was concluded that biopsy applied at early stage of embryonic development does not affect embryo development negatively and biopsy procedures applied at early developmental stages have more advantages especially in embryos developing faster with low total cell numbers such as mouse species. Supported by TUBITAK KAMAG-107G027).

scholarly journals COULD THE INTESTINAL EPITHELIAL ALTERATIONS PROMOTED BY ROUX-EN-Y GASTRIC BYPASS EXPLAIN HIGHER TENDENCY FOR COLONIC DISEASES IN BARIATRIC PATIENTS?

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo WENDLER ◽  
Osvaldo MALAFAIA ◽  
Bruno Luiz ARIEDE ◽  
Jurandir Marcondes RIBAS-FILHO ◽  
Nicolau Gregori CZECZKO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Nuclear Staining ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Ascending Colon ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Bariatric Patients ◽  
And Control

ABSTRACT Background: Intestinal diversions have revolutionized the treatment of morbid obesity due to its viability and sustained response. However, experimental studies suggest, after these derivations, a higher risk of colon cancer. Aim: To analyze the histological and immunohistological changes that the jejunojejunal shunt can produce in the jejunum, ileum and ascending colon. Method: Twenty-four male Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups, control (n=12) and experiment (n=12) and subdivided into groups of four. Nine weeks after the jejunojejunal shunt, segmental resection of the excluded jejunum, terminal ileum and ascending colon was performed. Histological analysis focused on the thickness of the mucosa, height of the villi, depth of the crypts and immunohistochemistry in the expression of Ki-67 and p53. Results: Significant differences were found between the experiment and control groups in relation to the thickness of the mucosa in the jejunum (p=0.011), in the ileum (p<0.001) and in the colon (p=0.027). There was also a significant difference in relation to the height of the villus in the ileum (p<0.001) and the depth of the crypts in the jejunum (p0.001). The results indicated that there is a significant difference between the groups regarding the expression of Ki-67 in the colon (p<0.001). No significant differences were found between the groups regarding the expression of Ki-67 in the jejunum and ileum. In the P53 evaluation, negative nuclear staining was found in all cases. Conclusion: The jejunojejunal deviation performed in the Roux-in-Y gastrojejunal bypass, predispose epithelial proliferative effects, causing an increase in the thickness of the mucosa, height of the villi and depth of the crypts of the jejunum, ileum and ascending colon.

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