scholarly journals Stunting among Under Five Years Old Children in Rwanda: Influences of Family Planning Status and Household Size and Composition

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-130
Author(s):  
Jean Bosco Bigirimana
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Household Size ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Log Odds ◽  
Planning Status

Background Stunting is one of the main challenges resulting in high child mortality and morbidity thought out the world, especially in many developing countries, including Rwanda. The overall prevalence rate of stunting is estimated at around 38% of under five years old children in Rwanda. Objective To examine the influences of household size and composition and family planning status on stunting among children under five in Rwanda. Methods The current study is a nationally representative cross-sectional study that used the secondary data analysis of Rwanda Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) 2014-2015. Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association between family planning and household size and composition. Results The sum-total of children under five in the household (log odds=0.373(p<.05), CI=0.0577, 0.689), maternal age at childbirth (log odds=-0.682(p<.05), CI=-1.222, -0.141), fertility preference (log odds =-0.296(p<.05), CI=-0.549, -0.0427), and unmet need for family planning (log odds = 0.297(p<.05), CI= 0.0193, 0.574) were statistically significant associated with stunting among studied children. Conclusion The findings of this study suggest a significant association between stunting and family planning and household size and composition.   Rwanda J Med Health Sci 2021;4(1):112-130

scholarly journals Predictors of modern contraceptive use among women and men in Uganda: a population-level analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. e034675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amrita Namasivayam ◽  
Sarah Lovell ◽  
Sarah Namutamba ◽  
Philip J Schluter
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Modern Contraceptive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Modern Contraceptive Use

Objective(s)Despite substantial and rapid improvements in contraceptive uptake in Uganda, many women continue to have unmet need for contraception. As factors affecting contraceptive use are dynamic and complex, this study seeks to identify current predictors and provide effect size estimates of contraceptive use among women and men in Uganda.Study designA nationally representative cross-sectional population survey, using secondary data from Uganda’s 2016 Demographic and Health Survey. Stratified by sex, weighted bivariable and multivariable logistic regression models were derived from a suite of potential predictor variables. Predictive abilities were assessed via 10-fold cross-validated area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUCs).SettingUganda.ParticipantsAll women aged 15–49 years who were permanent residents of the selected households or stayed in the household the night before the survey were eligible to participate. In one-third of the sampled households, all men aged 15–54 years who met the same residence criteria were also eligible.Primary outcome measuresModern contraceptive use.ResultsOverall, 4914 (26.6%) women and 1897 (35.6%) men reported using a modern contraceptive method. For women and men, both demographic and proximate variables were significantly associated with contraceptive use, although notable differences in effect sizes existed between sexes—especially for age, level of education and parity. Predictively, the multivariable model was acceptable for women with AUC=0.714 (95% CI 0.704 to 0.720) but less so for men with AUC=0.654 (95% CI 0.636 to 0.666).Conclusion(s)Contemporary significant predictors of contraceptive use among women and men were reported, thereby enabling key Ugandan subpopulations who would benefit from more targeted family planning initiatives to be identified. However, the acceptable AUC for women and modest AUC for men suggest that other important unmeasured predictors may exist. Nonetheless, these evidence-based findings remain important for informing future programmatic and policy directions for family planning in Uganda.

Assessment of Knowledge and Practice of Mothers of Children under Five regarding Zinc Therapy in Childhood Diarrhea

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 169-172
Author(s):  
Dipak Kumar Dhar ◽  
Nilratan Majumder ◽  
Debasish Paul
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Supplementation ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Childhood Diarrhea ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Oral Rehydration ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Knowledge And Practice

ABSTRACT Aim Zinc is now considered as an important treatment intervention along with low-osmolarity oral rehydration salts in diarrhea. But awareness about the use of zinc remains low. The present study was conducted with an objective of assessing knowledge and practice of mothers of under-5 children about zinc supplementation in diarrhea. Materials and methods A hospital-based cross-sectional study was carried out in the Paediatric Outpatient Department Agartala Government Medical College and GB Pant Hospital, Agartala, Tripura, India, with a sample size of 700 mothers of under-5 children over 2 months. Convenience sampling technique was employed and the data were collected in a structured, interview schedule. Descriptive statistics and tests like chi-square test were used for analysis. Results Only 1.9% of all the respondents (13 out of 700) had heard about zinc therapy in diarrhea. Out of them, 11 mothers had actually used zinc in practice and 7 could tell the duration of therapy. None of them were aware of what benefit is conferred by zinc in an episode of diarrhea. An association between knowledge levels and educational status and occupation of mothers was found to be statistically significant. Conclusion The study reaffirmed the abysmally low level of awareness about zinc supplementation among mothers. Therefore, health education can be used as a tool to promote knowledge and practice of zinc supplementation in diarrhea to reduce mortality and morbidity. How to cite this article Dhar DK, Majumder N, Paul D. Assessment of Knowledge and Practice of Mothers of Children under Five regarding Zinc Therapy in Childhood Diarrhea. Int J Adv Integ Med Sci 2016;1(4):169-172.

ASPEK SOSIAL EKONOMI DAN KAITANNYA DENGAN MASALAH GIZI KURANG DI KABUPATEN MANGGARAI, NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Ursula Dianita Marut
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Interview Questionnaire

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 13.05pt .0001pt 18pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">The objective of this study is to analyze the relationship between socio-economic and cultural aspects and undernutrition problem in Kabupaten Manggarai, Nusa Tenggara Timur. This research was designed as cross sectional study with purposive method. This research was conducted in Desa Meler, Kecamatan Ruteng, Kabupaten Manggarai from June to July 2007. Primary data and secondary data were collected in this study. Primary data including family’s socio-economic characteristics, nutritional status, environment sanitation and food consumption using interview questionnaire. Secondary data including food production, prevalence of nutritional status of the children under five, and were collected from some Government’s institutions. Populations of this research were children under five in Desa Meler. Samples consisted of 80 children and were classified into two groups, a total of 48 classified as undernutrition group and the rest of them belong to normal group. Result shows that the prevalence of undernutrition of children under five in Manggarai year 2005 is 22,75 % and have decreased in 2006 become 19,24 %. Poverty is one of the causal factors of this undernutrition problem in Manggarai.</span></p>

scholarly journals Prediction Model and Scoring System in Prevention and Control of Stunting Problems in Under Five-Year-Olds in Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-170
Author(s):  
Demsa Simbolon ◽  
Desri Suryani ◽  
Epti Yorita
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Young Age ◽  
Female Adolescent ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five

Prevalence of stunting in Indonesia is a cause for concern. We used IFLS 2007 as secondary data in the cross-sectional study to develop a problem-solving and prevention model of stunting. The study was conducted in 2016 to predict a model from the characteristics, parents, and health care of the child. We recruited 3589 children under-five years from IFLS 2007 data as samples. The inclusion criteria are 1-5 years old children from 15-49 years old pregnant women, living with biological parents, available data of birth weight and gestational age, and do not have chronic disease. We used multiple logistic regression for modeling, and Receiver Operation Characteristic (ROC) Curve as a diagnostic test. We found that 39.5% of children under-five have stunting. Stunting protective factors are: prevention of LBW (Low Birth Weight) in infant, limitation of number of children by three, improved parenting for the boys, prevention of young-age pregnancy and stunting in the female adolescent. Other factors are completing immunization, improving maternal education and the health services of under-five children in rural areas, and improving Fe consumption for pregnant mothers. The model was able to prevent and delay the stunting in toddler by 64%, with 61.9% sensitivity and 60.9% specificity, and AUROC 65.5%. It is necessary to counsel the pregnant women with a low height and young-age pregnancy as a high risk, as well as management of the infant with LBW to prevent stunting.

scholarly journals Management of diarrheal diseases among children under five years: a case study of mothers at Kakamega county, Kenya

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
pp. 2762
Author(s):  
Peterson M. Njeru ◽  
John M. Kariri ◽  
Mary W. Murigi ◽  
Heuston M. Waweru ◽  
Felister M. Muriithi
Keyword(s):  
Health Workers ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Diarrheal Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five

Background: Despite much effort and successes in the management of diarrhoea, the disease has remained among the top five causes of mortality and morbidity in Kenya, particularly among infants and children below five years. Advent of HIV/AIDS and the harsh economic situation is Kenya has led to increase in diarrhoea diseases. This study was conducted to determine the mother’s knowledge, attitude and practice in the management of diarrheal diseases among children under five years of age.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at Lurambi sub-County, Kakamega County. Systematic sampling technique was used to determine the study population. The research instruments were; observational checklists, an in-depth interview schedule, self-administered semi-structured questionnaires and focused group discussions. Quantitative data analysis was conducted using SPSSand involved univariate and bivariate analysis. Qualitative data was analyzed by thematic content analysis.Results: Overall, 88% mothers each with at least one child under five years took part in the study. 84% of the respondents had knowledge of the causes of diarrhoea; however only 31% knew methods of diarrhoea prevention. 41% of the respondents managed diarrhoea cases with non-recommended home remedies such as salt and sugar solutions. The study also established that 37% of the health workers were not trained on diarrhoea management despite them being directly involved in the case management.Conclusions: Overall, the research identified a gap between knowledge and practice. There is need for improving home based case management and implementing a community strategy for diarrhoea management.

scholarly journals Unmet Need for Family Planning among Currently Married Young Women in Nepal

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 83-94
Author(s):  
Kamala Lamichhane
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Data File ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Living Children ◽  
High Level

A high level of unmet need for contraception persists among currently married young women in Nepal. Evidences about unmet need for family planning and associated factors are not fully analyzed in the Nepalese context. Therefore, this study investigates the prevalence and determinants of unmet need for family planning among currently married young women in Nepal. This is an analytical cross-sectional study through secondary data analysis of the 2011 Nepal Demographic and Health Survey women data-file. The analysis is based on 2,552 currently married young women aged 15-24 years. Logistic regression is used to assess the net effect of independent variables on dependent variable. Women’s current age, number of living children, education level, occupation, women empowerment, caste/ethnic affiliation, and residence are independent predictors of unmet need. The odds of unmet need are significantly higher among the adolescents, rural, not empowered and not working young women. There is a need to strengthen income generating activities so as to improve their socio-economic status which will translate into female economic and social empowerment which enable them to discuss on sexual issues. Family planning programmes should be designed so as to address the unmet need of young women especially the rural adolescents.

scholarly journals RELATIONSHIP OF FORMER HISTORY OF DIARRHEA AND SANITATION WITH THE PREVALENCE OF STUNTING AMONG CHILDREN AGED 1–5 YEARS IN SIDOTOPO WETAN, SURABAYA

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 248
Author(s):  
Naisya Azalia Samsuddin ◽  
Emyr Reisha Isaura ◽  
Sri Sumarmi
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Diarrheal Disease ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
History Of

Stunting defines as an abnormal linear growth of children less than -2 standard deviations (SD) of the height measurements according to age. According to WHO (2013), the quality and quantity of nutrient intake and the presence of infectious diseases are directly associated with stunting, while hygiene and sanitation are indirectly associated with stunting. This study aimed to determine whether there is a relationship between disease history and sanitation with the incidence of stunting in children aged 1-5 years in the working area of Sidotopo Wetan Health Center (Puskesmas), Surabaya City. This cross- sectional study was used secondary data from the survey of Puskesmas Sidotopo Wetan children under five - supervising program 2020 which included 166 children aged ≤ 5 years. The dependent variable was stunting, and the independent variables are the history of diarrheal disease and sanitation facilities. The results found that 77 children under five were stunting (46.40%), history of frequent diarrhea was 19.26%, history of the last one month of having diarrhea was 20.47%, permanent healthy toilet ownership 89%, and qualified trash bin were 46.97%. The results of the chi-square statistical test on the research variables further showed a positive relationship with a history of frequent diarrhea (p = 0.023) and diarrhea during the past month (p = <0.001) with the incidence  of stunting. There was also a negative relationship between the toilet (p = <0.001) and trash bin ownership with the incidence of stunting (p = 0.023). Thus, this study concludes that the history of diarrhea and environmental sanitation factors of toilet and trash bin ownership have a relationship with the incidence of stunting in children under five years old. The stunting prevention program shall more consider the awareness of the parents and their kids about nutrient intake, practice of hygiene and sanitation in the house.

scholarly journals Pemetaan Status Gizi Balita di Indonesia

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Alinea Dwi Elisanti
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Geographic Region ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
Nutritional Status Of Children

The health status of children under five is one of the primary indicators of public health in a country. Nutritional became one of the health problems that affect the quality of human resources, an indicator of the success of the nation's development and could result in infant mortality and morbidity. Some research suggests that social and demographic conditions affecting the nutritional status of children, factors or geographic region will be very important role in the incidence of nutritional problems in Indonesia. So the need for mapping the problem to determine troubleshooting steps. This study aims to map the nutritional status of children under five in Indonesia. The method used is non-reactive studies using secondary data reports Riskesdas 2010. The sample taken is the entire province in Indonesia. Data were analyzed using ArchView GIS 3.3. The results showed that there are three (3) of the province that has the most low nutritional status of children in Indonesia, East Nusa Tenggara (NTT), Southeast Sulawesi and North Maluku. The provinces that have good nutritional status (height), the DI Yogyakarta, Jakarta and West Sumatra.

scholarly journals Utilization of reversible long acting family planning methods among married 15-49 years women in Areka town, Southern Ethiopia

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mulugeta Yohannis Kabalo
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Unwanted Pregnancy ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Contraceptive Device ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Long Acting

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Utilization of family planning can improve the means of people in poverty. Long-acting reversible contraceptive (LARC) methods in particular can considerably reduce the level of unwanted pregnancy as well as maternal mortality and morbidity more in developing countries. Thus, study was conducted with the aim of assessing the level of LARC utilization and associated factors among married women (15-49) in Areka town, Southern Ethiopia.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Community based cross-sectional study was conducted in a total of 357 women within the study area. Population proportion to size was used to assign sample to kebele and participates were selected by systematic random sampling technique from randomly selected kebeles. Data collection was conducted by trained data collectors, using structured and pretested questionnaire. Finally, data entered, cleaned, and analysed in SPSS 16.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The utilization of LARC was 106(29.7%) of study participants. Particularly, LARCs utilization were 81(22.7%) for implants and 25(7.0%), Intrauterine contraceptive device (IUCD). Statistically, LARC utilization was (AOR=2.47 at 95%CI (1.24-4.90)) times likely among 26-36 aged mothers compared to 15-24 age groups. Government employed mothers were (AOR=2.59 at 95%CI (1.39-4.79)) times probable to use LARC compared to merchants. Hence, maternal education and occupation were the independent predictors of LARC utilization as the principal findings of this study.</p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Enormous extent of unmet need exist in utilization of LARC within the study area. Mothers’ age and occupation were significantly associated with its utilization. Therefore, health promotion activities on the benefits of LARC need to be undertaken to increase awareness and usage of these contraceptives.

scholarly journals Assessment of unmet need for family planning and its determinants in a rural block of Haryana

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1968
Author(s):  
Srishti Singh ◽  
Meenakshi Kalhan ◽  
J. S. Malik ◽  
Anuj Jangra ◽  
Nitika Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Reproductive Intentions ◽  
Unwanted Pregnancies

Background: Unmet need represents the gap between women’s reproductive intentions and their contraceptive behavior. Meeting the unmet need for family planning would help to reduce the mortality and morbidity from unwanted pregnancies. Objectives of the study were to assess the unmet need for family planning and its determinants among married rural women.Methods: The present study was community based cross-sectional study conducted in rural area of Haryana from September 2015 to August 2016 among 500 currently married women (18-49 years).Results: The unmet need for family planning was 19.2% (4.8% spacing and 14.4% limiting). Education, occupation and desirable number of children were significantly associated with unmet need for family planning. The commonest reason for not using contraception among those with unmet need was fear of side-effects (37.5%) followed by in-laws disapproval (21.9%) and others.Conclusions: The unmet need for family planning was high. Women’s education and empowerment by protecting their health, wellbeing and rights, including their reproductive rights would prove to be beneficial.

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