Efficiency in the Provision of Public Municipal Cultural Facilities

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernardino Benito ◽  
José Solana ◽  
María-Rocío Moreno
Keyword(s):  
Financial Resources ◽  
The Political ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Categorical Variable ◽  
Truncated Regression ◽  
Significant Relation ◽  
The Public ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Final Sample ◽  
Double Bootstrap

Recent years have seen a wealth of studies on Cultural Economics, in line with the importance of the economic performance of the public sector. In this context, the two-stage double bootstrap procedure of Simar and Wilson (2007) has been used to estimate the efficiency determinants of Spanish local entities in the management of culture oriented public infrastructures, given the limited financial resources available to these entities. The final sample comprises 1,159 municipalities. In the first stage, technical efficiency is estimated by Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and, based on a truncated-regression, the resulting efficiency estimates are regressed on a group of 10 selected environmental variables in a second stage. We have also considered the influence of a dummy categorical variable –the political sign of the governing party– on the efficient provision of the facilities under study. The results show the existence of a significant relation between efficiency and all the variables except two: unemployment rate and political strength. Our results also show that municipalities governed by conservatives parties are more efficient.

scholarly journals The efficiency of public expenditure on Higher Education: a study with Brazilian Federal Universities

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (109) ◽  
pp. 1076-1097
Author(s):  
David Daniel Hammes Junior ◽  
Leonardo Flach ◽  
Luísa Karam de Mattos
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Significance Test ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Public Expenditures ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Truncated Regression ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Determining Factors

Abstract This study aims to describe the determining factors in efficiency of public expenditures in Brazilian Federal Universities. A two-stage survey method was applied for a sample of fifty-nine Brazilian Federal Universities, from 2013 to 2017. The Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) was applied for the first stage in order to measure the efficiency of public expenditures. For the second stage, a truncated regression model was applied, with a double bootstrap procedure for bias correction and statistical significance test of the variables. Results show that some Brazilian Federal Universities were inefficient during this period. Considering the truncated regression model of Simar and Wilson (2007), significant variables that influence the efficiency of public expenditures in federal universities were: public expenditures in Higher Education, number of professors, amount of enrolments, amount of graduates, total expenditures with employees and total amount of employees. Therefore, this study has contributed to scientific literature showing that these variables play a key role to public efficiency in federal universities.

scholarly journals Whistleblowing in a Depraved Nigerian Economy: Challenges and Prospects

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayamba, Itojong Anthony
Keyword(s):  
Study Data ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
The Political ◽  
National Assembly ◽  
The Public ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Religious Conflicts ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Political Economic

Corruption in Nigeria, as in several other countries across the globe, is a serious scourge that continues to expose the country to developmental setbacks in the political, economic and social facets. Apart from the unquantifiable financial resources lost annually to corruption in the private and public sectors, almost all of Nigeria’s security, social, ethnic, political and religious conflicts can be traced to corruption directly or indirectly. Whistleblowing, as an anti-corruption mechanism, has proven to be effective in many parts of the world. This paper, from a background of rentierism, attempts to examine the epistemology of Nigeria’s whistleblowing policy as well as the effectiveness, limitations, and justifications for the enhancement of the policy. The descriptive design was employed as the methodology of the study. Data were obtained mainly from secondary sources. The Theory of Two Publics was employed as theoretical framework for the study. The paper identifies insufficient legal knowledge, fear of reprisals, lack of meaningful litigation, prebendalism/loyalty provisions, and cultural and historical barriers as some of the challenges of whistleblowing in Nigeria. The paper submits that the policy, though a viable one, but yet to get the backing of an enabling law as at the time of this study, should be delicately formulated, assertively promoted to the public, and speedily sent to the National Assembly for consideration and passage.

scholarly journals Investigating the link between medical urgency and hospital efficiency – Insights from the German hospital market

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 649-660
Author(s):  
Annika Maren Schneider ◽  
Eva-Maria Oppel ◽  
Jonas Schreyögg
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Expenditure ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Hospital Efficiency ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Truncated Regression ◽  
Hospital Market ◽  
Double Bootstrap ◽  
Linear Effects ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Urgency Score

AbstractWith hospital budgets remaining tight and healthcare expenditure rising due to demographic change and advances in technology, hospitals continue to face calls to contain costs and allocate their resources more efficiently. In this context, efficiency has emerged as an increasingly important way for hospitals to withstand competitive pressures in the hospital market. Doing so, however, can be challenging given unpredictable fluctuations in demand, a prime example of which are emergencies, i.e. urgent medical cases. The link between medical urgency and hospitals’ efficiency, however, has been neglected in the literature to date. This study therefore aims to investigate the relationship between hospitals’ urgency characteristics and their efficiency. Our analyses are based on 4094 observations from 1428 hospitals throughout Germany for the years 2015, 2016, and 2017. We calculate an average urgency score for each hospital based on all cases treated in that hospital per year and also investigate the within-hospital dispersion of medical urgency. To analyze the association of these urgency measures with hospitals’ efficiency we use a two-stage double bootstrap data envelopment analysis approach with truncated regression. We find a negative relationship between the urgency score and hospital efficiency. When testing for non-linear effects, the results reveal a u-shaped association, indicating that having either a high or low overall urgency score is beneficial in terms of efficiency. Finally, our results reveal that higher within-hospital urgency dispersion is negatively related to efficiency.

scholarly journals Advertising efficiency in the Spanish beer industry: spending too much?

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 410-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Sellers-Rubio
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Variables ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Truncated Regression ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Beer Industry ◽  
Multiple Input ◽  
Brand Portfolio ◽  
First Time ◽  
Advertising Efficiency

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to estimate advertising efficiency in the Spanish beer industry and to analyse the effects of several environmental variables and brand portfolio scope on advertising efficiency scores. Design/methodology/approach A two-stage double bootstrap procedure is used. In the first stage, advertising efficiency is estimated using a bootstrapped data envelopment analysis on a multiple input-output model of advertising. In the second stage, a bootstrapped truncated regression model is estimated to identify the determinants of advertising efficiency. Both stages are estimated simultaneously. The empirical application is carried out on a sample of Spanish brewers between 2007 and 2014. Findings Results show low advertising efficiency scores and highlight the effects that environment and brand portfolio scope have on these estimates. Originality/values For the first time, this paper analyses the effect of environmental variables and the brand portfolio scope on advertising efficiency in the beer industry.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Efficiency and Its Determinants in Croatian Hotel Industry

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 108-115
Author(s):  
Maja Pervan ◽  
Petra Babic
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Hotel Industry ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Truncated Regression ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Stage Analysis ◽  
First Time

The main objective of this research was to evaluate the efficiency of Croatian hotels and provide insights into the sources of their efficiency. In order to obtain set goals, a two-stage analysis was performed on a sample of 69 large and medium-size hotels that were operating in Croatia in 2019. In the first stage of analysis, the efficiency scores of hotels were obtained by using Data envelopment analysis (DEA), whereas in the second stage of analysis, achieved efficiency coefficients were served as dependent variable in a truncated regression model in which hotel’s ownership, age, location, size and star rating were applied as independent variables. As this is the first time that efficiency of Croatian hotel industry is investigated with the application of truncated regression analysis, this research contributes to the existing literature by shading new lights on the sources of hotels’ efficiency from the perspective of a country heavily relaying on seasonal seaside tourism. Results of the research showed that all analysed variables (except age) play significant and important role in determining the achieved level of efficiency.

scholarly journals Operational Efficiency of Mexican Water Utilities: Results of a Double-Bootstrap Data Envelopment Analysis

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Humberto Ablanedo-Rosas ◽  
Aaron Guerrero Campanur ◽  
Elias Olivares-Benitez ◽  
Jacqueline Y. Sánchez-García ◽  
Juan Enrique Nuñez-Ríos
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Function ◽  
Data Envelopment Analysis ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Operational Efficiency ◽  
Water Utilities ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Truncated Regression ◽  
Context Variable ◽  
Context Variables ◽  
Double Bootstrap

The objective of this paper is to estimate the operational efficiency of Mexican water utilities and identify the context variables that impact their efficiency. In particular, a bootstrap data envelopment analysis (DEA) and a bootstrap truncated regression analysis are combined in a two-stage research method. In the first stage, an input-oriented DEA model is used to determine bootstrap efficiency scores. Then, the corrected distribution function of the efficiency scores is used to estimate a truncated regression which is aimed to identify the significant influential context variables. Three categorical and two continuous context variables are considered in the analysis. Results show that only one context variable has a significant impact on the water utilities efficiency scores. Managerial recommendations are drawn from the analysis. It is suggested that water utilities continue or implement wastewater treatment, persist in decreasing and controlling leakage across the distribution network, and maximizing sewer coverage.

scholarly journals Application of the DEA Double Bootstrap to Analyze Efficiency in Galician Sheltered Workshops

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (16) ◽  
pp. 6625 ◽  
Author(s):  
María-Celia López-Penabad ◽  
José Manuel Maside-Sanfiz ◽  
Juan Torrelles Manent ◽  
Ana Iglesias-Casal
Keyword(s):  
Economic Value ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Social Enterprises ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Truncated Regression ◽  
Social Efficiency ◽  
Sheltered Workshops ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Double Bootstrap ◽  
The Subject

Sheltered workshops (SW), as social enterprises, need to be efficient and maintain a balance between social aspects and economic prosperity. An important part of research on the subject has been focused on measuring the economic value created by these entities. In this study, we analyzed performance of SWs in Galicia (Spain), from the point of view of efficiency, combining social and economic aspects and investigating its key determinants. Using panel data from 609 entities from 2008 to 2017, we followed Simar and Wilson’s two-stage approach (2007). Specifically, we used data envelopment analysis (DEA) at the first stage to estimate efficiency scores and then used truncated regression estimation with double-bootstrap to test the significance of explanatory variables. Our results show that SWs have high levels of performance, higher in economic than in social terms, and we found that several factors, such as size and age, positively influence total, economic and social efficiency individually. We also found a positive, significant relationship between social efficiency and economic profitability.

scholarly journals INSOLVENCY OF BRAZILIAN ELECTRICITY DISTRIBUTORS: A DEA BOOTSTRAP APPROACH

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 718-738 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Simonassi SCALZER ◽  
Adriano RODRIGUES ◽  
Marcelo Álvaro da Silva MACEDO ◽  
Peter WANKE
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Location ◽  
Regulatory Body ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
State Control ◽  
Truncated Regression ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Public Hearings ◽  
Bootstrap Approach ◽  
Stage Analysis ◽  
Domestic Inflation

This study investigates the financial and operational indicators that explain the insolvency of Brazilian electricity distributors, using a data envelopment analysis (DEA) bootstrap approach. The Wagner and Shimshak (2007) stepwise procedure was used to select the variables that had the greatest impact on average efficiency estimated by DEA in the construction of an inefficient frontier. Through a second stage analysis, the Simar and Wilson (2007) bootstrapped truncated regression analyzed contextual variables associated with inefficiency, and consequently with firm insolvency. The sample was composed of electricity distributors, whose financial information for the 2000–2015 period was available on the Brazilian Securities Exchange (CVM) website. The results indicated that the Actual Equivalent Frequency of Power Interruptions/Regulatory Equivalent Frequency of Power Interruptions and Overall Indebtedness were the most important indicators in explaining insolvency. The second-stage analysis showed that the inefficiencies calculated using the selected indicators are positively related to insolvency criteria used by the literature, state control, dollar and geographical location, and negatively related to the domestic inflation index. The results provide valuable information for the Brazilian electricity sector’s regulatory body, which recently began to hold public hearings prior to setting up procedures for monitoring financial sustainability using financial and operational indicators.

scholarly journals The Efficiency Score of Small Accommodation Businesses in Non-Coastal Rural Areas in Greece

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 11005
Author(s):  
Eleni Dimitriadou ◽  
Thomas Bournaris ◽  
Theodoros Stavrinoudis ◽  
Olga Iakovidou
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Hospitality Industry ◽  
Efficiency Score ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Truncated Regression ◽  
Simple Complex ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Interval Efficiency

Small accommodation businesses dominate the rural hospitality industry, producing simple or complex tourist products and services in order to be sustainable and competitive. In this paper, a two-stage data envelopment analysis (DEA) model was applied in a representative sample of 151 small accommodation businesses in non-coastal areas in the region of Central Macedonia in Greece. In the first stage, DEA-bootstrapping is applied to estimate point and interval efficiency ratios of accommodation businesses and identify the benchmark accommodations. The double bootstrapping truncated procedure of Simar and Wilson is implemented in the second stage to investigate the role of five business factors in terms of efficiency. The findings suggest that small accommodation businesses, although they are based in areas where tourist resources abound, are inefficient. Moreover, the results of the truncated regression method showed that the business’s size, the operating days, and the variety of activities (simple/complex) affect business’s inefficiency. On the contrary, the business’s age and their engagement in agriculture or not do not affect business’s efficiency. The results are important for rural entrepreneurs and policy makers, and they will also be useful for the adaptation of businesses to increase their efficiency.

Currency

Hydropolitics ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 63-90
Author(s):  
Christine Folch
Keyword(s):  
Financial Resources ◽  
The Political ◽  
Social Expectations ◽  
Entire System ◽  
The Public ◽  
Cost Of Electricity ◽  
Political Work ◽  
The Social ◽  
Work Done ◽  
Electricity Tariff

This chapter focuses on the technicalities of the electricity tariff, how energy rent is conceptualized within Itaipú, and its effects on the Paraguayan government. It describes the making of a tariff, the base cost of electricity, and the political work done by a number before turning to “compensation,” the rent that Paraguay receives for energy sold in Brazil as well as the ensuing controversies that spurred the election of Fernando Lugo. This chapter also provides ethnographic exploration of favor-petitioning practices in the Paraguayan side of the dam and how administrators in the Lugo transition attempted to curtail such expectations. The calculations cast light onto the unappealing aspects of hydrofinance that enable the entire system even as the tariff formula and the social expectations into which it is embedded reveal broader postures toward state wealth, the public, and who has a claim to the financial resources of a nation. It explains the price of electricity and construction debt, as well as the social and numerical formulas for their calculation.

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