scholarly journals Adsorption of benzalkonium chlorides onto powdered activated carbon: mechanisms and detoxification

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 210496-0
Author(s):  
Tae-Kyoung Kim ◽  
Woo-Seok Choe ◽  
Taeyeon Kim ◽  
Seon-Ha Chae ◽  
Yu Sik Hwang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Powdered Activated Carbon ◽  
Adsorption Mechanisms ◽  
Alkyl Chains ◽  
Global Demand ◽  
Endothermic Process ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Microtox Test ◽  
Kinetics Of

Because disinfectants have been essential during the COVID-19 pandemic, the global demand for benzalkonium chlorides (BACs) has significantly increased. BACs can inactivate coronaviruses, but are known as toxic. In this study, we investigated the adsorption mechanisms of BAC12, BAC14, and BAC16 in water using powdered activated carbon (PAC). The effects of the reaction time, pH, and temperature on the adsorption kinetics of BACs were examined. The adsorption reaction followed pseudo-second-order kinetics, and better fitted to the Langmuir isotherm than the Freundlich isotherm. The best adsorption of BACs was achieved at neutral pH conditions. Thermodynamic analysis revealed that adsorption of BACs onto PAC is a spontaneous and endothermic process. Competitive adsorption experiments revealed that BACs with longer alkyl chains were adsorbed more effectively onto PAC than shorter alkyl chain BACs, implying that, while the electrostatic interaction is an important adsorption mechanism for BAC12, van der Waals interaction plays a more important role during the adsorption of BAC14 and BAC16. Finally, we observed the partial detoxification (69%) BAC in adsorption treated water with PAC using a Microtox test.

scholarly journals Brilliant Green Dye Biosorption Using Activated Carbon Derived from Guava Tree Wood

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
R. A. Mansour ◽  
Abeer El Shahawy ◽  
A. Attia ◽  
Mokhtar S. Beheary
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Brilliant Green ◽  
Dye Adsorption ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Tree Wood ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Sem Analyses

The removal of brilliant green (BG) dye from an aqueous solution using activated carbon (AC) derived from guava tree wood is conducted in batch conditions. The influence of different factors such as contact time, pH, adsorbent dosage, initial dye concentration, and temperature on the adsorption of BG onto AC was investigated. FTIR, BET, and SEM analyses were performed to determine the characteristics of the material. The isotherm results were analyzed using the Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and Dubinin–Radushkevich isotherms. Linear regression was used to fit the experimental data. It was found that the equilibrium data are best represented by the Freundlich isotherm, and the adsorption capacity (qe) was 90 mg dye/g AC. The values of the free energy (∆G), enthalpy (∆H), and entropy (∆S) were −86.188 kJ/mol, 43.025 kJ/mol, and 128 J/mol.K, respectively, at pH 7 for the BG dye. The kinetics of BG dye adsorption were analyzed using pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order models, and it was found that the pseudo-second-order model was suitable for the behavior of the BG dye at R2 = 0.999.

Ultrasonic Treatment of Activated Carbon Used in Adsorption of Basic Fuchsin

2011 ◽  
Vol 704-705 ◽  
pp. 486-491
Author(s):  
Yi Nan Hao ◽  
Xi Ming Wang ◽  
Li Jun Ding ◽  
Da Yan Ma
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Equilibrium Concentration ◽  
Acid Activation ◽  
Basic Fuchsin ◽  
Freundlich Isotherms ◽  
Langmuir And Freundlich Isotherms ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Endothermic Process ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

Xanthoceras Sorbifolia Bunge hull activated carbon (XSBHAC) developed by phosphoric acid activation for removing basic fuchsin (BF) has been investigated. Experiments were carried out as function of contact time, pH (4-10) and temperature (303,313 and 323K). Adsorption isotherms were modeled with the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. The data fitted well with the Langmuir isotherm. The Langmuir monolayer saturation capacities of BF adsorbed onto activated carbon were 351.35, 354.96 and 355.94 mg/g at 303,313, and 323 K, respectively.The kinetic models were also studied .The rates of adsorption were found to conform to the pseudo-second-order kinetics with good correlation.Using the equilibrium concentration contents obtained at different temperatures, various thermodynamic parameters,such as △G,△H and △S, have been calculated. The thermodynamics parameters of system indicated spontaneous and endothermic process. Key words: Xanthoceras sorbifolia bunge hull;biosorption; basic fuchsin

Kinetics of Nitrites Adsorption on AB2 Type Hyperbranched Poly(Amine Ester) Modified by Trichloroctadecylsilan

2012 ◽  
Vol 446-449 ◽  
pp. 537-541
Author(s):  
Li Bin Bai ◽  
Ye Na An ◽  
Ai Qing Wang ◽  
Hai Song Zhang ◽  
Xin Xin Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Kinetic Mechanism ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Isotherm Equation ◽  
Alkyl Chains ◽  
Hyperbranched Poly ◽  
End Capping ◽  
Kinetics Of

The AB2 type hyperbranched poly(amine ester) (HBPAE) can be used as adsorbent to adsorb nitrite from aqueous solution due to a large number of terminal hydroxyl groups, where the hydrogen-bonds could formed between OH and NO2-. However, the hydrophilic properties of HBPAE limited their utility in the application because of the difficulties in removing adsorbent from nitrite solution after the adsorption was finished. The hydrophilic properties of the HBPAE were changed by means of end capping method, where the trichloroctadecylsilan (OTS) was adopted as the hydrophobic alkyl chains. The modified HBPAE by OTS can be separated from the aqueous solution. The adsorption kinetics of nitrite from aqueous solutions onto modified HBPAE was investigated to show the pseudo-first-order kinetic mechanism. The equilibrium adsorption data were found to be well fitted by Freundlich isotherm equation.

Study on Adsorption of U(VI) From Aqueous Solution by Activated MgO

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingqing Liu ◽  
Xiaoyan Li
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Batch System ◽  
15Mg Dose ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Kinetics Of

The activated MgO was synthesized by microwave homo-precipitator method and characterized by SEM, EDS and FT-IR methods. It was used to adsorption of U(VI) from aqueous solution with batch system. The paper discussed the effect of pH, temperature, contact time, adsorbent dose and initial U(VI) concentration on the adsorption. The results showed that activated MgO has good adsorption capacity for U(VI), the removal rate and equilibrium adsorption capacity reached 83.5% and 84.04mg·g−1 at pH 5.0, 15mg dose and 313K,respectively. The adsorption kinetics of U(VI) onto activated MgO were better fitted with pseudo-second-order kinetic.The adsorption isotherm data were fitted well to Freundlich isotherm model.The thermodynamic parameters showed that the adsorption process is endothermic and spontaneous.

Application of the intra-particle diffusion model for activated carbon fibers in an aqueous medium

2012 ◽  
Vol 1373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Ramírez-Rodríguez ◽  
Fray de Landa Castillo-Alvarado
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Diffusion Model ◽  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Particle Diffusion ◽  
Activated Carbon Fibers ◽  
Kinetics Of Adsorption ◽  
Intra Particle Diffusion ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Kinetics Of

ABSTRACTThe intra-particle diffusion model (IPD), proposed by Weber and Morris has been applied to the analysis of the kinetics of adsorption on activated carbon fibers with phosphate groups in the removal of cadmium ions in aqueous media. It is evident that the removal of cadmium ion kinetic model of pseudo-second order provides a better fit than the model of pseudo-first order and the intra-particle diffusion model provides the best to the sample compared activating solution: grams fibers of 1:3.

Lead Sorption by Carbon Nanofibers Grown on Powdered Activated Carbon — Kinetics and Equilibrium

NANO ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (02) ◽  
pp. 1550017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah Al Mamun ◽  
Yehya M. Ahmed ◽  
Ma'an Fahmi R. AlKhatib ◽  
Ahmad Tariq Jameel ◽  
Mohammed Abdul Hakeem Abdul Rahman AlSaadi
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Carbon Nanofibers ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Solid Substrate ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Powdered Activated Carbon ◽  
Palm Kernel Shell ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

Carbon nanofibers (CNFs) were synthesized by using a safe and less hazardous method, compared to using floating catalysts in chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process. This process used C 2 H 2 as carbon source and oil palm kernel shell-based powdered activated carbon (PAC) as cheap solid substrate. Use of nickel ( Ni 2+) impregnated PAC as fixed substrate for the synthesis of CNF is one of the novelties of the research work accomplished by the authors. The PAC–CNFs porous nanocomposite product was used for the sorption of lead ions ( Pb 2+) from synthetic aqueous solution. Kinetics of Pb 2+ adsorption and isotherms were investigated by varying initial concentration of lead and contact time. PAC–CNFs were found to remove Pb 2+ better at acidic pH of about 5.5. Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms were applied to the sorption equilibrium data to find the best fitted model. Langmuir isotherm model with R2 = 0.965 fitted the adsorption data better than the Freundlich isotherm. The kinetic processes of Pb 2+ adsorption on CNFs were investigated by applying different kinetic models, namely zero-order, pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order. The pseudo-second-order rate equation exhibited the best results with R2 = 0.999, qe = 74.79 (mg/g) and K2 = 0.029 (min ⋅ g/mg). The novel nanocomposite product seemed to have the potential to remove Pb 2+ ions from aqueous solution.

scholarly journals Comparative study between activated carbon and biochar for phenol removal from aqueous solution

BioResources ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 6781-6790
Author(s):  
Moammar Elbidi ◽  
Agab Hewas ◽  
Rajab Asar ◽  
Mohamad Amran Mohd Salleh
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Sorption Process ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Phenol Removal ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Fast Kinetics ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Maximum Removal

Removal of phenol from wastewater using local biochar (BC) was investigated, while using activated carbon (AC) as a reference material. The main parameters affecting the sorption process were initial concentration, contact time, pH, and temperature. Statistical analysis of the results showed that the maximum removal percent when using AC and BC were 95% and 55%, respectively. Experimental data showed that the removal of phenol has fast kinetics and reached equilibrium within 5 minutes. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were applied to fit the adsorption experimental data. Pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order kinetic models were employed.

scholarly journals Preparation of a Novel Activated Carbon from Cassava Sludge for the High-Efficiency Adsorption of Hexavalent Chromium in Potable Water: Adsorption Performance and Mechanism Insight

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 3602
Author(s):  
Ling Li ◽  
Yan Li ◽  
Yiqi Liu ◽  
Lei Ding ◽  
Xiaopeng Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Pore Filling ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Kinetics Of Adsorption ◽  
Metal Elements ◽  
Intra Particle Diffusion ◽  
Equilibrium Process ◽  
Kinetics Of

Particularly, because of the leakage risk of metal elements from sludge carbon, little attention has been focused on using sludge activated carbon as an adsorbent for the removal of Cr (VI) from contaminated water sources. Herein, a novel sludge carbon derived from dewatered cassava sludge was synthesized by pyrolysis using ZnCl2 as an activator at the optimal conditions. The prepared sludge activated carbon possessed a large BET surface (509.03 m2/g), demonstrating an efficient removal for Cr (VI). Although the time to reach equilibrium was extended by increasing the initial Cr (VI) concentration, the adsorption process was completed within 3 h. The kinetics of adsorption agreed with the Elovich model. The whole adsorption rate was controlled by both film and intra-particle diffusion. The Cr (VI) removal efficiency increased with elevating temperature, and the adsorption equilibrium process followed the Freundlich isotherm model. The adsorption occurred spontaneously with endothermic nature. The removal mechanism of Cr (VI) on the prepared sludge activated carbon depended highly on solution pH, involving pore filling, electrostatic attraction, reduction, and ion exchange. The trace leakage of metal elements after use was confirmed. Therefore, the prepared sludge activated carbon was considered to be a highly potential adsorbent for Cr (VI) removal from contaminated raw water.

scholarly journals Kinetic and thermodynamic adsorption of nickel (II) onto hydroxyapatite prepared from Snakehead (Channa striata) fish bone

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-94
Author(s):  
Poedji Loekitowati Hariani ◽  
Muryati Muryati ◽  
Muhammad Said Said
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Model ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Fish Bone ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Thermodynamic Evaluation ◽  
Endothermic Process ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

Biomaterial exploration base on solid waste has been an attractive issue, particularly regarding economic and environmental demand. This work aimed to extract hydroxyapatite from snakehead fishbone through precipitation method and used to remove Ni(II). The hydroxyapatite product was characterized by using X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscope-Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) and Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET) method. Batch adsorption experiment includes pH solution, contact time and Ni(II) concentration. Pseudo-first order and pseudo-second-order were used to investigate the reaction mechanism and kinetic model, while adsorption equilibrium was evaluated according to Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm. XRD and FTIR spectra confirmed that hydroxyapatite was successfully extracted. The molar ratio (Ca/P) of hydroxyapatite was found at 1.70. The particle size of the hydroxyapatite was 48.77 nm. The pseudo-second-order is appropriate to describe the kinetic model while the adsorption mechanism follows Langmuir isotherm, which has an adsorption capacity of 5.359mg/g. The thermodynamic evaluation suggested the adsorption of Ni(II) is spontaneous in the endothermic process.

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