Adsorption of ammonium, nitrite, and nitrate onto rice husk biochar for nitrogen removal

This study aims to investigate the adsorption capacity of ammonium NH4+, nitrite NO2- and nitrate NO3- onto rice husk biochar (RHB) obtained from 550 °C pyrolysis temperature in the context of using low-cost absorbent for recirculating aquaculture system (RAS). Raw RHB at its original size 5–8 mm has been choosen for testing its adsorption capacity as well as several key material properties (pHPZC, surface area, and elemental analysis). From surface functional group analysis, there existed the O–H group (at frequency 3443 cm-1), –CH3 (2360 cm-1), and either –C=O or C=C group (in the range of frequency 1600–1650 cm-1) as well as –COOH (1456 cm‒1) that helped enhance chemical adsorption. The experimental adsorption data has been roughly consistent with Langmuir and Freundlich models that used to calculate the maximum saturated monolayer adsorption capacity Q0max of ammonium, nitrite, and nitrate were 0.1003, 0.2477, and 0.1290 mg/g respectively. Therefore, RHB could be a potential candidate for biofilter application in both targets cost-efficient and sustainable that worth applied at scale.

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Preparation of Graphene Oxide Modified Rice Husk for Cr(VI) Removal

Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology ◽

10.1166/jnn.2019.16662 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (11) ◽

pp. 7035-7043 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Tong Ouyang ◽

Jidan Tang ◽

Fang Liu ◽

Chang-Tang Chang

Keyword(s):

Graphene Oxide ◽

Adsorption Capacity ◽

Rice Husk ◽

Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽

Order Kinetic ◽

Adsorption Sites ◽

Equilibrium Data ◽

Order Kinetic Model ◽

Alkaline Conditions ◽

Rice Husk Biochar

The objective of this paper is to study the removal of Cr(VI) in aqueous solution by using a new graphene oxide-coated rice husk biochar composite (GO-RHB). GO-RHB is a synthetic material having a porous structure with lots of oxygen-containing functional groups and a large surface area that provide effective adsorption sites. Experiments showed that GO-RHB had higher adsorption capacity under acidic than under alkaline conditions. At pH of 2, GO-RHB has the maximum adsorption capacity(48.8 mg g−1). Equilibrium data obtained by fitting with the Langmuir and Freundlich models indicate that the reaction process was monolayer adsorption. The adsorption of Cr(VI) followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model that illustrates chemical adsorption. Intraparticlediffusion studies further revealed that film diffusion was taking place. Moreover, the results of thermodynamics showed that the adsorption process was endothermic and spontaneous in nature. The removal mechanism of Cr(VI) was also explained in detail. The prepared adsorbent is highly efficient and might be useful than many other conventional adsorbent used for the removal of Cr(VI) from wastewater.

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Sorptive removal of phenanthrene from aqueous solutions using magnetic and non-magnetic rice husk-derived biochars

Royal Society Open Science ◽

10.1098/rsos.172382 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (5) ◽

pp. 172382 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Wei Guo ◽

Shujuan Wang ◽

Yunkai Wang ◽

Shaoyong Lu ◽

Yue Gao

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Solutions ◽

Adsorption Capacity ◽

Functional Groups ◽

Rice Husk ◽

Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽

Order Kinetic ◽

Adsorption Data ◽

Magnetic Modification ◽

Pseudo Second Order ◽

Rice Husk Biochar

A magnetically modified rice husk biochar (MBC) was successfully prepared by a hydrothermal method from original biochar (BC) and subsequently used to remove phenanthrene (PHE) from aqueous solutions. The porosity, specific surface area and hydrophobicity of BC were significantly improved (approx. two times) after magnetic modification. The adsorption data fitted well to pseudo-second-order kinetic and Langmuir models. Compared with BC, MBC had a faster adsorption rate and higher adsorption capacity of PHE. The adsorption equilibrium for PHE on MBC was achieved within 1.0 h. The maximum adsorption capacity of PHE on MBC was 97.6 mg g −1 based on the analysis of the Sips model, which was significantly higher than that of other sources of BCs. The adsorption mechanism of the two BCs was mainly attributed to the action of surface functional groups and π–π-conjugated reactions. The adsorption of PHE on MBC mainly occurred in the functional groups of C–O and Fe 3 O 4 , but that on BC was mainly in the functional groups of –OH, N–H, C=C and C–O.

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CuAl LDH/Rice Husk Biochar Composite for Enhanced Adsorptive Removal of Cationic Dye from Aqueous Solution

BULLETIN OF CHEMICAL REACTION ENGINEERING AND CATALYSIS ◽

10.9767/bcrec.15.2.7828.525-537 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 525-537 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Neza Rahayu Palapa ◽

Tarmizi Taher ◽

Bakri Rio Rahayu ◽

Risfidian Mohadi ◽

Addy Rachmat ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adsorption Capacity ◽

Surface Area ◽

Malachite Green ◽

Rice Husk ◽

Low Cost ◽

Bet Surface Area ◽

Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽

Cationic Dye ◽

X Ray ◽

Adsorptive Removal

The preparation of CuAl LDH and biochar (BC) composite derived from rice husk and its application as a low-cost adsorbent for enhanced adsorptive removal of malachite green has been studied. The composite was prepared by a one-step coprecipitation method and characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), and Scanning Electron Microscopy - Energy Dispersive X-ray (SEM−EDX). The result indicated that CuAl LDH was successfully incorporated with the biochar that evidenced by the broadening of XRD peak at 2θ = 24° and the appearance of a new peak at 1095 cm−1 on the FTIR spectra. The BET surface area analysis revealed that CuAl/BC composite exhibited a larger surface area (200.9 m2/g) that the original CuAl LDH (46.2 m2/g). Surface morphological changes also confirmed by SEM image, which showed more aggregated particles. The result of the adsorption study indicated the composite material was efficient in removing malachite green with Langmuir maximum adsorption capacity of CuAl/BC reaching 470.96 mg/g, which is higher than the original CuAl LDH 59.523 mg/g. The thermodynamic analysis suggested that the adsorption of malachite green occurs spontaneously (ΔG < 0 at all tested temperature) and endothermic nature. Moreover, the CuAl/BC composite showed strong potential as a low-cost adsorbent for cationic dye removal since it showed not only a high adsorption capacity but also good reusability. Copyright © 2020 BCREC Group. All rights reserved

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The Behaviors of Removing Silver Ions by Low-Cost Expanded Rice Husk, Nature Diatomite and Nature Bentonite as Sorbents

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.724.472 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 724 ◽

pp. 472-475

Author(s):

Xuan Liang ◽

Xue Gang Luo ◽

Xiao Yan Lin ◽

Qiang Mei

Keyword(s):

Adsorption Capacity ◽

Rice Husk ◽

Ph Value ◽

Low Cost ◽

Silver Ions ◽

Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽

Removal Of Heavy Metals ◽

Initial Ph ◽

Influence Of Ph ◽

By Products

Low cost industrial and agricultural by-products are promising materials for water pollution treatment such as removal of heavy metals. This work deals with removal of silver ions from solutions using expanded rice husk (ERH), nature diatomite (ND) and nature bentonite (NB). Firstly the influence of pH value of the solution on adsorption capacity for silver ions was studied, and then the effect of initial silver concentration on adsorbents adsorption capacity was investigated. The silver ions removal percentage increases with initial pH and achieves a maximum value of nearly 94% at pH= 5.0 ± 0.5 for ERH. The maximum adsorption capacity is 18.6 mg/g for ERH.

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Determination of Adsorption Capacity of Agricultural-Based Carbon for Ni (II) Adsorption from Aqueous Solution

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.567.20 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 567 ◽

pp. 20-25 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Taimur Khan ◽

Mohamed Hasnain Isa ◽

Malay Chaudhuri ◽

Raza Ul Mustafa Muhammad ◽

Mohamed Osman Saeed

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Solution ◽

Adsorption Capacity ◽

Rice Husk ◽

Contact Time ◽

Low Cost ◽

Equilibrium Adsorption ◽

Batch Adsorption ◽

Average Pore ◽

Initial Concentration ◽

Rice Husk Carbon

The aim of the study was to prepare potentially cheaper carbon for the adsorptive removal of Nickle [Ni (II)] from aqueous solution. The adsorption capacity of the prepared carbon to remove Ni (II) from aqueous solution was determined and adsorption mechanism was investigated. Rice husk carbon was prepared by incineration in a muffle furnace. The incinerated rice husk carbon (IRHC) was characterised in terms of surface area, micropore area, micropore volume, average pore diameter and surface morphology. Adsorption of Ni (II) by IRHC was examined. The influence of operating parameters, namely, pH, initial concentration and contact time on adsorption of Ni (II) by IRHC was evaluated. Batch adsorption tests showed that extent of Ni (II) adsorption depended on initial concentration, contact time and pH. Equilibrium adsorption was achieved in 120 min, while maximum Ni (II) adsorption occurred at pH 4. Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms were studied and the equilibrium adsorption data was found to fit well with the Langmuir isotherm model. Langmuir constants Q° and b were 14.45 and 0.10, and Freundlich constants Kf and 1/n were 4.0 and 0.26, respectively. Adsorption of Ni (II) by IRHC followed pseudo-second-order kinetics. Being a low-cost carbon, IRHC has potential to be used for the adsorption of Ni (II) from aqueous solution and wastewater in developing countries.

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Chemical and physical characterization of rice husk biochar and ashes and their iron adsorption capacity

SN Applied Sciences ◽

10.1007/s42452-020-3088-2 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (7) ◽

Author(s):

Fabiane Figueiredo Severo ◽

Leandro Souza da Silva ◽

Janielly Silva Costa Moscôso ◽

Qamar Sarfaraz ◽

Luiz Fernando Rodrigues Júnior ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adsorption Capacity ◽

Rice Husk ◽

Physical Characterization ◽

Rice Husk Biochar

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Waste Material Adsorbents for Zinc Removal from Wastewater: A Comprehensive Review

International Journal of Chemical Engineering ◽

10.1155/2014/347912 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-13 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

Haider M. Zwain ◽

Mohammadtaghi Vakili ◽

Irvan Dahlan

Keyword(s):

Adsorption Capacity ◽

Rice Husk ◽

Low Cost ◽

Coal Fly Ash ◽

Scale Up ◽

Environmental Benefits ◽

Pilot Studies ◽

Green Macroalgae ◽

Wide Range ◽

Cassava Waste

This review examines a variety of adsorbents and discusses mechanisms, modification methods, recovery and regeneration, and commercial applications. A summary of available researches has been composed by a wide range of potentially low-cost modified adsorbents including activated carbon, natural source adsorbents (clay, bentonite, zeolite, etc.), biosorbents (black gram husk, sugar-beet pectin gels, citrus peels, banana and orange peels, carrot residues, cassava waste, algae, algal, marine green macroalgae, etc.), and byproduct adsorbents (sawdust, lignin, rice husk, rice husk ash, coal fly ash, etc.). From the literature survey, different adsorbents were compared in terms of Zn2+adsorption capacity; also Zn2+adsorption capacity was compared with other metals adsorption. Thus, some of the highest adsorption capacities reported for Zn2+are 168 mg/g powdered waste sludge, 128.8 mg/g dried marine green macroalgae, 73.2 mg/g lignin, 55.82 mg/g cassava waste, and 52.91 mg/g bentonite. Furthermore, modification of adsorbents can improve adsorption capacity. Regeneration cost is important, but if consumption of virgin adsorbent is reduced, then multiple economic, industrial, and environmental benefits can be gained. Finally, the main drawback of the already published Zn2+adsorption researches is that their use is still in the laboratory stage mostly without scale-up, pilot studies, or commercialization.

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Synthesis of biochar conjugated Schiff base composites and their enhanced antimicrobial activity against five pathogenic organisms

Nova Biotechnologica et Chimica ◽

10.36547/nbc.v19i2.636 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 165-174

Author(s):

Felix Nworie ◽

Frank Nwabue ◽

Wilberforce Oti ◽

Confidence Obasi ◽

Chinwe Ejim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fourier Transform ◽

Schiff Base ◽

Rice Husk ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Low Cost ◽

Cost Effective ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Infra Red ◽

Rice Husk Biochar ◽

The Fourier Transform

The search for antimicrobial drug of high bio-efficacy not prone to multiple microbial resistance has been on the rise in recent time. This study focused on the preparation, characterization and antimicrobial evaluation of Schiff functionalized HNO3 activated plantain peel and rice husk biochar against five pathogenic bacteria. The activated rice husk and plantain peel biochar were characterized using Braunauer-Emmett-Teller, X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy. Based on the result, the activated rice husk and plantain peel biochar were amorphous and crystalline respectively with pore surface area and pore size for activated rice husk and plantain peel biochar as 9.369 and 27.32 (m2.g-1) and 8.790 and 16.65 (cc.g-1), respectively. The Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy result indicated bonds, such as –OH, C=O and –N-H, where actual chelation and electrostatic attraction mechanism are prevalent responsible for antimicrobial potency. The cell bioactivity was hampered due to permeation of the biocidal agents, cell membrane disruption and generation of reactive oxygen species enhanced by conjugation of Schiff base based biochar to the microbial cell wall leading to death of microbes. The ease of Schiff base release and reusability of the nanocomposite favors the product as an efficient, low cost, effective and promising nanocomposite for decontamination of bacteria infested media.

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Synthesis and Characterization of Rice Husk Biochar and its Application in the Adsorption Studies of Lead and Copper

International Research Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry ◽

10.9734/irjpac/2021/v22i430402 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 36-50

Author(s):

Alice Ndekei ◽

Muigai- Gitita ◽

Njagi Njomo ◽

Damaris Mbui

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Solution ◽

Metal Ions ◽

Adsorption Capacity ◽

Rice Husk ◽

Regression Coefficient ◽

Second Order ◽

Isotherm Model ◽

Pseudo Second Order ◽

Rice Husk Biochar

The present study aimed to use chemically activated rice husk biochar as an adsorbent for the removal of heavy metals from an aqueous solution. A series of the Rice husk biochar (RHB) samples were produced at different temperatures, as follows: 300, 400, 500, 600, and 700℃ for 2 hours each through pyrolysis process in Dalhan Scientific Muffle Furnace. The chemically treated rice husk biochar synthesized at 500℃ was used as potential char for removal of Cu(II) and Pb(II) from aqueous solutions. The sorption of these metal ions from an aqueous solution was determined after adsorption using Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS). The Shimadzu IR Affinity Fourier Transform Infra-Red Spectroscopy (FT-IR) was used for the characterization of rice husk char and it revealed the presence of OH, C=O, and COO- bonds which are responsible for heavy metal ions adsorption through chemisorption. The effect of adsorption parameters was determined that is; pyrolysis temperature which was found to be 500℃, the optimal contact time for the metal ions Cu (II) and Pb (II) was found to be 60 minutes, the optimum dosage was 0.250 g and optimum initial concentration was 2 mg/l. The kinetics were tested against pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order model as well Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. Cu(II), adsorption process followed Pseudo-second order kinetics with regression coefficient (R2) 0.9942 and Langmuir isotherm model with R2 0.9895. For Pb(II), adsorption capacity followed Pseudo-second order kinetics with regression coefficient (R2) 0.99991 and Freundlich isotherm model with R2 0.96675 optimum equilibrium adsorption capacity of 0.5274 mg/g.

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