scholarly journals Transformation of Villas to Mosques Social Impact of Islamization On The Government Center of Java In The Late 20th Century

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Muh Saerozi
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Social Research ◽  
Causality Analysis ◽  
Late 20Th Century ◽  
Central Java ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Government Center

Islamization of Java becomes an actual topic of religious social research because the phenomena not only relate to religious discourse but also other aspects. This research focuses on the Islamization of the government center of Salatiga Central Java. The aims of this study are: to find the academic answer to why Islamization occurred in the government center of Salatiga in Central Java, to find out the Islamization process underway, to describe the dominant factors affecting Islamization, and to describe the impact of Islamization on religious life around the central government. The benefit of this research is to contribute the theories of Islamization of Government center of Java in the late of 20th century. This study is a descriptive research and causality analysis.  The events were limited to those of 1985 to 2018. The data were sourced from the archives, inscription, news, interviews, and literature. The results of the study found that the Islamization of the Salatiga government center was carried out because the infrastructure was still European patterned. The actualization of Muslim religiosity was not well supported by this infrastructure. The symbol of Islamization is the transformation of the villa on the west of the city square into a mosque. The Islamization was successful because of the symbiotic factors between political parties, rulers, scholars, Islamic universities, and religious organizations. There was no significant impact yet on the improvement of spiritual and social lives around the government center. This study enriches theories about the symbiotic relations of religions, politics, and social changes in Java in the late 20th century.

scholarly journals The Use of ICT For Poverty Alleviation In Gubugklakah Village, Malang Regency

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Rachmad Gustomy ◽  
Ratnaningsih Damayanti ◽  
Rizqi Bachtiar
Keyword(s):  
World Wide Web ◽  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Information And Communications Technology ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Effective Work ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Village

Information and Communications Technology (ICT) has become one of the influential instruments for poverty alleviation. The argument is based on the fact that currently technology has played an important role in relation to the lives of many people. There are several projects conducted by the government in Indonesia utilising ICT to reduce poverty rate, such as establishing telecenter in some remote areas. This paper aims to identify the extent and the impact of the ICT convergence process that is carried out as an effort to improve the welfare of the community, specifically at Gubugklakah village, Malang Regency. The village is chosen as the locus of the research because the area, which is relatively far from the city center, received telecentre procurement assistance by the central government. By using descriptive qualitative methods, this study finds that ICT has not been converged to the maximum and the impact is less than optimal. Internet connection is only limited to middle and upper economic groups. The use of the world-wide-web at the village has also experienced ups and downs. For example, there is an improvement in the utilisation of techonolgy in education, tourism and government sectors which impact on a more effective work culture. People also usually surf the internet to search and watch educational, entertainment or trading content. However, the connection has a slow network connection which is problematic when many people use it. Furthermore, there is a need for educating people as well as incremental approach so that the internet can be in line with local culture.Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi (TIK) telah menjadi salah satu instrumen yang berpengaruh dalam pengentasan kemiskinan. Argumen tersebut didasarkan pada kenyataan bahwa saat ini teknologi telah memainkan peran penting dalam kaitannya dengan kehidupan banyak orang. Ada beberapa proyek yang dilakukan pemerintah di Indonesia yang memanfaatkan TIK untuk mengurangi angka kemiskinan, seperti membangun telecenter di beberapa daerah terpencil. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sejauh mana dan dampak dari proses konvergensi TIK yang dilakukan sebagai upaya peningkatan kesejahteraan masyarakat khususnya di Desa Gubugklakah Kabupaten Malang. Desa ini dipilih sebagai lokus penelitian karena wilayah yang relatif jauh dari pusat kota mendapat bantuan pengadaan telecentre oleh pemerintah pusat. Dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa TIK belum terkonvergensi secara maksimal dan dampaknya kurang optimal. Koneksi internet hanya terbatas pada kelompok ekonomi menengah ke atas. Penggunaan world wide web di desa juga mengalami pasang surut. Misalnya, peningkatan pemanfaatan teknologi di bidang pendidikan, pariwisata dan pemerintahan yang berdampak pada budaya kerja yang lebih efektif. Orang juga biasanya menjelajahi internet untuk mencari dan menonton konten pendidikan, hiburan, atau perdagangan. Namun, koneksi tersebut memiliki koneksi jaringan yang lambat yang menjadi masalah ketika banyak orang yang menggunakannya. Selain itu, perlu adanya edukasi kepada masyarakat serta pendekatan incremental agar internet dapat sejalan dengan budaya lokal.

scholarly journals Impak Pemikiran Islah dan Tajdid Terhadap Pendidikan Tinggi Wanita Islam di Malaysia Selepas Merdeka

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3-4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wahibah Twahir@Hj Tahir ◽  
Kamaruzzaman Yusof ◽  
Abu Hassan Abdul
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Women's Education ◽  
Muslim Women ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Islamic Education ◽  
Late 20Th Century ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Education Network ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

The study aims to identify the development of the Islah and Tajdid movements in Malaya and the impact on Islamic education for women starting at the madrasah level to the high level in the late 20th century. This study discusses the movement of Islah and Tajdid which appeared at the beginning of the 20th century in Malaya and analyzed the influence of thinking on Islamic women's education. This study was conducted using a qualitative study, where all data information from primary and secondary sources was scrutinized and analyzed by taking an inductive approach. The study found that the characters involved in this movement in Malaya since the very beginning of their return from their studies in Egypt have supported the thought of Sheikh Muhammad Abduh and Sheikh Rasyid Ridha in the case of women's education. They wrote and worked on publications through newspapers and magazines that voiced the importance of Muslim women to be given freedom of education to engage in society. In order to realize these thoughts and awareness, they also set up special madrasah for female students in Penang, Melaka and Singapore. The influence of their thinking has led to the awareness of the Malay community with the establishment of madrasah in the states of Kelantan, Kedah, Perlis, and Johor and opened the widest opportunities for female students to receive education. Until the Independence era of Malaya, these madrasah have expanded to whole land of Malay as the efforts and awareness of group of religionist that support the thinking of Islah and Tajdid. In 1952 Malaya Islamic College was established and followed by Yayasan Pengajian Tinggi Islam Kelantan (YPTIK) in 1956 as a result of this group's efforts. Women's students also have the opportunity to pursue higher levels of education until there is an Islamic women's education network between Malaysia, Indonesia and Egypt. At the end of the 20th century, Muslim women had succeeded in occupying various career fields, especially in Islamic education as teachers in schools, as a lecturer at higher learning centers that offering various fields of Islamic studies and as civil servants in government departments.

scholarly journals Cotton Imports and GDP of Indonesia- Cointegration Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 149-154
Author(s):  
P. Soumya ◽  
R. A. Yeledhalli
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Cointegration Analysis ◽  
Causality Analysis ◽  
The Real ◽  
Real Gdp ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

The study examines the impact of cotton imports on the real GDP (Gross Domestic Product) of Indonesia for a period from 1992 to 2018 using ARDL approach and Granger causality analysis. Results of the study indicated that cotton imports have negative effect on economic growth. For every 1% increase in cotton imports the real GDP decreased by 0.107% in the long run. Any disequilibrium in the model is adjusted with a high speed of adjustment of 107.7% in less than a year. Shocks and the trend are adjusted in less than one year. There is no causality between imports of cotton and the real GDP. The study suggested effort should be taken by the government to increase yield of cotton by the use of technology and also a need to initiate farmers to take up cotton farming. 

scholarly journals From Social Trust and Happiness to Government Trust: The Moderating Role of Political Systems and Governance in the Philippines

PCD Journal ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 305
Author(s):  
Erickson D Calata ◽  
Reginald G. Ugaddan
Keyword(s):  
Legal System ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Social Trust ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Trust In Government ◽  
Political Systems ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

There are frequent calls to enhance citizens' trust in government to pave the way towards a new paradigm of participatory governance and strong citizen support for government. In various realms, citizens may directly or indirectly engage with the government through various available mediums, even though, despite the availability of various policies and services provided by the government, citizens are generally passive and adamant in trusting the public sector. While many studies have explored a set of determinants that influence citizens' trust in government (i.e., central government, local government, parliament, and the legal system), few studies have ascertained the relationship and the role of social trust, happiness, governance, and political systems. These are critical factors that may influence trust in government. To address this gap, this study draws on the theoretical lens of social capital theory, proposing that cognitive social trust and citizen happiness—environment and performance—are the most likely predictors of citizen trust in government. This study assumes that citizens' perceptions of governance and political systems will moderate the effect of social trust and happiness on trust in government. Using data from the Asia Barometer Survey 2007, and focusing on data collected from the Philippines, this study tests a latent model employing the structural equation modelling technique. It finds that happiness negatively predicts trust in the central government and the legal system, while all other predictors do not have a significant effect. The findings also show that the political system moderates the impact of social trust and happiness on trust in government. Finally, this article points out its theoretical, empirical, and practical implications and provides directions for future research.

scholarly journals Government Size and Corruption: A Non-linear Analysis in the Case of EMCCA

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Assoumou Ondo ◽  
Beau Jency Owono Ondo
Keyword(s):  
Linear Relationship ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
Linear Analysis ◽  
Government Size ◽  
Economic Community ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This article analyzes the relationship between Government size and corruption. Unlike the works in the way which suppose a linear relationship between the two variables, we estimate a panel with change of the modes to characterize the impact of the size of the Central Government on corruption, in the countries of the economic community and monetary of Central Africa (EMCCA). The results show that there is a non-linear relationship between these two variables. Indeed, a strong involvement of the Government in economic activity results in a significant increase in corruption when the Government exceeds a size of 13.5508% of the GDP.

Umm Kulthūm

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Arab World ◽  
Lower Class ◽  
Musical Style ◽  
Late 20Th Century ◽  
Public Figure ◽  
Arabic Speakers ◽  
Egyptian Government

Umm Kulthum was probably the most famous singer in the Arab world during the 20th century, and among the most highly regarded for her command of poetic texts and the historic Arab musical system brought together in affective performances, working closely with accomplished poets and composers of her day. She became a public figure in general, certainly in the later decades of her life, when she became closely associated with then president Jamal ‘Abd al-Nasir of Egypt and spoke frequently about her love for her country and its people. Born to a poor village family in the Egyptian delta, her background resembled that of millions of her compatriots. She was raised in an agrarian setting. Her father was the imam of the local mosque. Like many children of her generation, she attended Qurʾan school (kuttāb), which was among the few educational opportunities for lower-class children under the then British occupation. She learned to sing by mimicking her father and her brother, who sang religious songs for weddings and special occasions to make additional money. Her strong voice drew great attention. She moved to Cairo in about 1923 to advance her career. Thanks to her performances and commercial recordings, her career took off, and by the late 1920s she had become wildly successful. Films and live broadcasts followed in the 1930s. In the 1940s, like many Egyptians, she began to express the shared dismay at the continued British presence during World War II, the corruption of the Egyptian government, and the war in Palestine. After the Egyptian Revolution in 1952, she, again like many of her cohort, expressed support for the revolutionary government in song and speech and, later, for ‘Abd al-Nasir himself. Her musical style changed over the years as she continually cultivated new listeners. Owing to the wide dissemination of her recordings, the powerful Egyptian radio-broadcasting capacity, and her touring, she became well known and popular throughout the Arab world. After the Egyptian defeat in the 1967 war with Israel, she launched a successful series of benefit concerts designed to replenish the Egyptian war department’s treasury. When she died in 1975, it was said that her funeral was bigger than ‘Abd al-Nasir’s had been. Probably owing to her stature as a public figure, most publications about Umm Kulthum have been biographical in nature, as writers attempted to document her life, her social impact, and the reasons for her various successes. She rarely sought an audience outside the world of Arabic speakers, and she was little known in the West until the late 20th century, with the burgeoning interest in “world music.”

Impact of Surplus Labor Existence on Land Lease Market in Rural Central Java

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-30
Author(s):  
Ernoiz Antriyandarti ◽  
Susi Wuri Ani
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Global Competitiveness ◽  
Surplus Labor ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Job Opportunities ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Objective - The Indonesian rice sector seems to lose global competitiveness, and the government intervenes in the market to achieve food self-sufficiency. Particularly, in the main rice producing areas of Central Java, the rice sector does not have a comparative and competitive advantage due to small farm size. Then, we need to investigate the reasons why the farm sizes of rice producers are still small. Methodology/Technique - We hypothesize that the existence of surplus labor in rural areas restrains farm size enlargement. Therefore, we need to examine the existence of surplus labor in study area. By using the empirical model of the Cobb Douglas production function, we test the hypothesis of surplus labor. The estimation result shows that there is a surplus of labor in the study area. Findings - In addition, we examine the impact of surplus labor on land lease market in rural area. This study proves empirically that there is surplus labor in rural areas; therefore, farmers have difficulty finding job opportunities in sectors other than farming. In such a case, they prefer to cultivate rather than lease their land. Novelty - This result implies that the existence of surplus labor restricts the number of land lease contract. As a result, the land lease supply in the land lease market has become very limited. Thus, the existence of surplus labor in rural areas would be a constraint of farm size enlargement. This is the first study which explores the relationship between surplus labor and land lease market in the main rice producer area in Central Java. Type of Paper: Empirical Keywords: Impact; Existence; Surplus Labour; Land Lease Market; Farm Size Enlargement. JEL Classification: E24, H83.

The regional and personal impact of the fiscal policies of a limited franchise government: Italy immediately after unification

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-61
Author(s):  
Giorgio Brosio
Keyword(s):  
Social Impact ◽  
Balance Sheet ◽  
Fiscal Policies ◽  
Ruling Class ◽  
Personal Impact ◽  
The Government ◽  
Agricultural Families ◽  
Registered Voters ◽  
Regional Discrimination ◽  
The Impact

For 15 years after its inception, Italy was governed by the Historical Right coalition. The electoral franchise was very limited: registered voters were less than 2 per cent of the population and their actual numbers were further eroded by absenteeism. The achievements of the first governments were impressive, though one can disagree on the merit of the policies, as many did. Most of the policies imposed a lot of hardship: individuals had to pay high taxes; they were drafted into the army for long periods; and they were sent to fight civil and regular wars. The very limited access to the vote led the ruling class to perceive that, in the short term, its actions were insulated against the unpopularity of its policies. Therefore, it pursued the mission of aggrandising the country and creating what it believed to be a viable and modern government system. The regional allocation of budget resources became the most disputed issue as the government coalition was accused of discriminating against southern regions. The article explores these themes empirically by constructing the so-called balance sheet of federations, leading to an estimate for each region of the net impact (the fiscal residuum) of national government tax and expenditure policies. The article also provides an estimate of the impact of tax and expenditure policies on poor agricultural families located in different areas. Both statistical exercises provide an original, though limited, contribution to the literature on the economic and social impact of the unification process in Italy. The analyses reveal that no redistribution was made, and regional discrimination did not emerge.

Illegalising Licitness?

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 663-683
Author(s):  
Woonkyung Yeo
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Central Government ◽  
National Level ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
State Control ◽  
Indonesian Archipelago ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
The Government ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Economic Transaction

In the mid-20th Century, the practice of bartering was one of the most prevalent forms of economic transaction around the Indonesian Archipelago. The most prevalent and crucial for Indonesian society was the trade conducted along the border between Singapore and Sumatra. The government centred in Jakarta often approved and even encouraged barter with Singapore at the regional and national level. In many cases, however, bartering along the borders was done autonomously by the regional government and traders, and often out of state control. In these circumstances, the central government sometimes “illegalised” barter trade, while the regional government and societies, arguing that their barter transactions were “licit”, issued a challenge to the government’s order. Such tension and conflict over barter in the region was exacerbated by political upheavals such as regional rebellions in the 1950s and the Konfrontasi in the 1960s. This article traces changing policies and discourses regarding “barter” between Singapore and the Indonesian islands (mostly Sumatra) in the mid-20th Century, and highlight how an economic transaction was politicised, and how the ideas of licitness and legality were in confrontation in certain political backgrounds.

scholarly journals Pros and cons of gst

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 208-213
Author(s):  
ARULRAJ S ◽  
KADIRVELU S
Keyword(s):  
State Government ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Service Sectors ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

India is currently going through major reforms in its overall economic sectors.GST is one such kind of great reform. GST is unified indirect tax across the country on the Goods and Services. In the earlier system of Indirect Tax, the tax is levied at each stage separately by the Central Government and State Government at different rates, on the full value of goods as well as the services. But in this GST system, tax will be levied only the value added at each stage. So the government states that this GST is ―one India one Tax‖.This paper focuses on the concept, the benefits which the country will accrue from GST, the impact of GST on manufacturing, entertainment and Service Sectors.

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