scholarly journals Socio-Political and Financial Risk Analysis of Infrastructure Projects Linked with China-Pakistan Economic Corridor

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-43
Author(s):  
Wasim Shaheen ◽  
Abdul Ghaffar ◽  
Zahid Hussain ◽  
Maqsood Ali
Keyword(s):  
Financial Risk ◽  
Cost Allocation ◽  
Financial Economic ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Infrastructure Projects ◽  
Railway Line ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
Rail Line ◽  
The Government ◽  
Approximate Cost

China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) is more than just a project between Pakistan and China because it will have financial, economic, and social changes at a massive level around the globe especially in the Asian region. Multiple projects have been planned under the umbrella of CPEC including construction and extension of highways, railways, special economic zones to connect China from Kashgar to Gawadar in Pakistan. This project will have a massive infrastructural development in Pakistan. Rehabilitation and Expansion of Karachi-Peshawar Railway Line known as ML-1 to be completed in 6 years approximately is one of the vital infrastructure projects in this mass transit corridor. This is the oldest and busiest rail line in Pakistan for passengers as well as cargo transfer with almost 75% share of the country’s transfer. The approximate cost allocation on that project is $8 billion which is shared by the Government of China and the Asian Development Bank (ADB). This route is covering KPK, Punjab and Sindh Provinces. These provinces have different political ruling parties. We have concluded that to deal with any kind of possible delay or termination of the project, the sponsoring agency and guarantor involved must make sure the transparency in this whole process.

scholarly journals The Social Change of Barru District Society Due to the Construction of the Makassar - Parepare Railway Line

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 10-19
Author(s):  
S Jailany Darwis ◽  
Eva Banowati ◽  
Fadly Husain
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Railway Line ◽  
South Sulawesi ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Government ◽  
Data Collection Technique ◽  
Agent Of Change

Indonesia that continued to change over time will no doubt affect the aspects of life. Aspect that could provide sustenance was the need of transportation through the construction of the Makassar - Parepare railway line. The goal was to know the social changes and adaptation patterns of children when social changes occurred as a result of the construction of the Makassar-Parepare railway. This study used qualitative method with descriptive analysis. The informants of the study were; 1) PPK Railway Development of South Sulawesi, 2) Affected communities, 3) Head of BPD in Ajakkang village, and 4) Head of Polewali environment. The data collection technique of this study were interviews, observation, and documentation. The results is construction of the Makassar - Parepare railway led a social change that could be seen based on the process and time. The planned social change occurred because the government is the agent of change in the development. The unplanned social change occurred because of the flooding. The form of social change based on the time of revolution in development has led to conflict due to different interests. The adaptation of children to social changes in society tends to conformity adaptation rather than other forms of adaptation.

GOOD GOVERNANCE, AKUNTANSI PEMERINTAHAN DAN EKONOMI KERAKYATAN

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuskar Yuskar
Keyword(s):  
Private Sector ◽  
Social Welfare ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Financial Economic ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Governance Mechanism ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Government

Good governance is a ware to create an efficient, effective and accountable government by keeping a balanced interaction well between government, private sector and society role. The implementation of a good governance is aimed to recover the public trust for the government that has been lost for the last several years because of financial, economic and trust crisis further multidimensional crisis. The Misunderstanding concept and unconcerned manner of government in implementing a good governance lately have caused unstability, deviation and injustice for Indonesia society. This paper is a literature study explaining a concept, principles and characteristics of a good governance. Furthermore, it explains the definition, development and utility of an efficient, effective and accountable government in creating a good governance mechanism having a strong impact to the democratic economy and social welfare. It also analyzes the importance of government concern for improving democratic economy suitable with human and natural resources and the culture values of Indonesia.

scholarly journals Analysis and prediction of the coronavirus disease epidemic in China based on an individual-based model

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zuiyuan Guo ◽  
Dan Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Reproduction Number ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Cumulative Number ◽  
Individual Based Model ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
Coordinate Descent Algorithm ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
The Government ◽  
Prevention And Control Measures ◽  
And Control

AbstractWe established a stochastic individual-based model and simulated the whole process of occurrence, development, and control of the coronavirus disease epidemic and the infectors and patients leaving Hubei Province before the traffic was closed in China. Additionally, the basic reproduction number (R0) and number of infectors and patients who left Hubei were estimated using the coordinate descent algorithm. The median R0 at the initial stage of the epidemic was 4.97 (95% confidence interval [CI] 4.82–5.17). Before the traffic lockdown was implemented in Hubei, 2000 (95% CI 1982–2030) infectors and patients had left Hubei and traveled throughout the country. The model estimated that if the government had taken prevention and control measures 1 day later, the cumulative number of laboratory-confirmed patients in the whole country would have increased by 32.1%. If the lockdown of Hubei was imposed 1 day in advance, the cumulative number of laboratory-confirmed patients in other provinces would have decreased by 7.7%. The stochastic model could fit the officially issued data well and simulate the evolution process of the epidemic. The intervention measurements nationwide have effectively curbed the human-to-human transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.

scholarly journals Efficiency Analysis of Government Subsidy and Performance Guarantee Policies in Relation to PPP Infrastructure Projects

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Shi ◽  
Yujia He ◽  
Masamitsu Onishi ◽  
Kiyoshi Kobayashi
Keyword(s):  
Government Subsidy ◽  
Performance Guarantee ◽  
Infrastructure Projects ◽  
Special Purpose Vehicle ◽  
Performance Guarantees ◽  
Sustainable Operation ◽  
Integrated Policy ◽  
The Government ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Liquidity Shock

Sustainable operation of public-private partnership (PPP) infrastructure projects that are characterized by considerable external benefits is of vital importance. However, a liquidity shock might trigger an inefficient liquidation of a project by the special purpose vehicle (SPV) and the bank, whose objectives are to maximize the profits generated by the project. This study argues that performance guarantee and subsidy policies implemented by the government play a role in encouraging socially efficient decision-making by the SPV and the bank to ensure the continuation of socially valuable projects. The results show that both government subsidy and performance guarantee policies are effective in avoiding the inefficient liquidation of PPP infrastructure projects when the external benefits are large and certain. However, a performance guarantee policy might lead to inefficient continuation when the external benefits of a project are uncertain. Finally, we discuss the possibility that an integrated policy combining performance guarantees and government subsidies improves the efficiency of a PPP infrastructure project.

scholarly journals Use of forest land for national-priority infrastructures in Nepal

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-64
Author(s):  
U. R. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Forest Area ◽  
Forest Conversion ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Infrastructure Projects ◽  
Forest Land ◽  
National Priority ◽  
Equivalent Area ◽  
Strict Enforcement ◽  
The Government ◽  
Forest Lands

 Forest conversion has been identified as one of the several bottlenecks affecting upon the major infrastructure projects in Nepal, especially in the energy and transport sectors. Nepal’s policy requires at least 40% of its land cover under forest. This means if any forest land is converted to non-forest land, it must be compensated with an equivalent area, preferably in the similar ecotype in the nation. In addition, a specified number of trees must be planted for the number of trees felled in the project site, and the site must be managed and protected for five years by the developers. These provisions have led to growing resentment between the developers and the Ministry of Forests and Soil Conservation (MFSC), leading to delay in providing forest lands for infrastructure projects. With a view to develop mechanisms for the government to rapidly provide forest land for nationally important infrastructure projects, the Government databases were examined to analyze the forests handed over to the developers for non-forestry uses. The data showed that a total of 14,028.4 ha of forest area were handed over to the developers for non-forestry uses until the end of 2015. On an average, 263.8 ha forest area was found to be handed over to the developers between the period of 2010–2013. However, there is a declining trend of forest handed over for non-forestry purposes in the recent years. The decline could be due to the strict enforcement of the legal provision which limits the conversion of forest areas to non-forest areas except in the case of the “national priority projects”. It has been recommended that the conversion of forest for infrastructure development should be examined with a holistic perspective by taking all the related components of forest conversion into consideration, from providing forest land for replacement planting. It is recommended that the Forest Product Development Board (FPDB), a parastatal organization under the MFSC, should be entrusted with the work of plantation related to forest conversion. The fund for this work should flow directly from the developers to the FPDB. The possibility of forming a land bank to facilitate the work of the FPDB is also recommended.Banko Janakari, Vol. 27, No. 1, Page: 60-64

scholarly journals Russia in the Arctic: the Results of 2020 and Development Prospects

2021 ◽  
pp. 89-95
Author(s):  
Valery Zhuravel ◽  
Keyword(s):  
State Policy ◽  
Far East ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Russian Arctic ◽  
Arctic Zone ◽  
Infrastructure Projects ◽  
Arctic Council ◽  
New Members ◽  
The Far East ◽  
The Government

The Arctic has always been in the field of close attention of the Russian leadership. This was especially true in 2020. This year, a number of important strategic planning documents were adopted that define the country’s state policy in the Arctic zone for the next 15 years. These are: The Fundamentals of State policy in the Arctic Zone until 2035 and the Strategy for the development of the Russian Federation’s Arctic zone and ensuring national security for the period up to 2035. In parallel, work continued improving the federal authorities activities on the exploration and development of the Arctic. New members of the State Commission for Arctic development approved including their powers expanded. The newly formed Ministry of the Russian Federation for development of the Far East and the Arctic has begun its activity. Simultaneously, the Government decided on the extension of the Far East development institutions competence in the Arctic zone. The attention of the public was drawn to the planned major infrastructure projects in all the subjects of the Russian Arctic. The author, drawing attention to a wide list of planned major arctic infrastructure projects in all the subjects of the Russian Arctic zone, expresses doubts about the possibility of their implementation, taking into account the existing and potential difficulties. The article points to the need to use the experience in the advancement and development of the Arctic, acquired in 2020, during the Russian presidency of the Arctic Council in 2021–2023.

scholarly journals Fenomena Ikumen sebagai Salah Satu Perubahan Peran dan Identitas Ayah dalam Masyarakat Jepang Modern

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
Iis Muhayaroh
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Change Theory ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Father’S Role ◽  
Anthony Giddens ◽  
Social Change Theory ◽  
The Government

Article focused on the changes of father’s role within modern society due to social changes that was called ikumen. Ikumen is a social change that happens in the father’s role and identity in Japan in which now is appears a type of father who enjoys caring for children while working. Ikumen itself was made by media, and then it was supported by the government. The purpose of this research was to analyse the changes of father’s role and identity in Japan using Social Change theory by Anthony Giddens. This research applied qualitative method and by interviewing six ikumen who were members of NPO (Non Profit Organization) Fathering Japan. The research finds out that right now there have been many fathers who have desire to put family first. It is proven by the amount of fathers who have taken paternal leave in Japan.

scholarly journals FDI in Multi-brand Retailing in India: Comparative study with China

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Anuradha Jain
Keyword(s):  
Growth Potential ◽  
Retail Sector ◽  
Individual Consumer ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
Chinese Model ◽  
Personal Consumption ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
The Government ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Individual

Retailing is the interface between the producer and the individual consumer buying for personal consumption. As such, retailing is the last link that connects the individual consumer with the manufacturing and distribution chain. Indian retail industry is one of the sunrise sectors with huge growth potential. However, in spite of the recent developments in retailing and its immense contribution to the economy, retailing continues to be the least evolved industries and the growth of organised retailing in India has been much slower as compared to rest of the world. This paper captures the existing retail scenario in India with regard to organized and un-organized retail and presents the limitations of the current set-up along with the experiences of domestic players. The paper discusses about opening up of the multibrand retail sector to foreign direct investment by the government. The rationale for retail reforms and challenges to be addressed by the retail sector are discussed. FDI in Retail is like an allopathic medicine It would deliver quick results & would not work as hit & trial like Homeopath. Government must go for Policy Mix to avoid its side effects. It will require various changes in internal policies also. The whole process must be made socially & economically useful.It will be better to follow the Chinese model of caution and hurrying slowly. China took over 12years to liberalise its FDI regime and in stages with reversals as well. The Chinese retail environment is 20years ahead of us. Looking at their market today can give us a rough idea of how FDI in multi brand retail in India might pan out in the medium term and long term period.

scholarly journals IMPACTS OF RISK FACTORS ON THE PERFORMANCE OF PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP TRANSPORTATION PROJECTS IN VIETNAM

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 30-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Do Tien Sy ◽  
Veerasak Likhitruangsilp ◽  
Masamitsu Onishi ◽  
Phong Thanh Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Subjective Evaluation ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Infrastructure Projects ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Transportation Projects ◽  
The Government ◽  
Private Investors ◽  
Laws And Regulations

The rapidly increasing demand and the inefficacy of financing transportation infrastructure project investments have contributed to various challenges for Vietnam in recent decades. Since the country’s budget is inadequate for investing in all necessary infrastructure projects, the Vietnam government has been inviting other economic sectors, especially the private sector, to participate in infrastructure development. The cooperation between the government agencies and the private entities, called PublicPrivate Partnership (PPP), must encounter various challenges leading to difficulties in attracting private investors. A main reason is that private investors must deal with critical risks concerning PPP investment environment. It is a challenging task for the government to optimally manage such risks to enhance the attractiveness of PPP projects for private investors. This paper examines the critical risk factors that influence the private sector’s investment decisions on PPP transportation projects in Vietnam. Risk factors inherent in typical PPP projects were compiled by comprehensive literature review. To reflect unique characteristics of PPP projects in Vietnam, the compiled risk factors were reviewed by a group of PPP experts from both the public and private sectors in Vietnam through indepth interviews and questionnaire surveys. In addition, ten PPP project case studies in Vietnam were analyzed to derive the risk profile of PPP transportation projects of the nation. These risk factors were quantitatively assessed based on their probabilities and impact levels. We found that the critical risk factors of PPP infrastructure projects in Vietnam are acquisition/compensation problems, approvals and permits, inadequate feasibility studies, finance market issues, subjective evaluation methods, and change in laws and regulations. By performing factor analysis, these critical risk factors were grouped into four categories: (1) bidding process, (2) finance issues, (3) laws and regulations, and (4) project evaluation issues. These critical risk factors represent the obstacles that repel private investors from PPP transportation projects in Vietnam. Thus, the Vietnam government agencies should meticulously address these issues to attract both domestic and foreign private investors in PPP projects.

scholarly journals Looking Through the Mirror: the pratice of techinical assistance to social movements in Brazil seen by uruguayan experience

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
João Paulo O. Huguenin
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Popular Participation ◽  
Housing Cooperatives ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
The Government ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The City ◽  
Political Scene

The Uruguayan model of housing cooperatives emerged in the 1960s from movements in civil society. This experience was adapted to Latin American realities and arrived in Brazil in the 1980s, along with the redemocaratizac?a?o process, which made the emergence of new actors on the political scene and recon gured the action of housing movements, which besides claiming passed propose projects with popular participation. The success of the self-managed housing production depends on three factors: the government, responsible for housing policy for self-management, the organized population, which will manage the project, and tech- nical advice, support of the whole process. In this article we seek to re ect on this third factor, that is, the possibilities and limits of performance of technical advisory services in the Brazilian context. To achieve this objective, the Uruguayan experience as a case con- trol. The choice of this approach proves to be useful both to under- stand our reality, and to visualize other possibilities. The contexts of each country led to di erent forms of assimilation of housing self-management. While in Uruguay pilot experiences have result- ed in a national law regulating the housing cooperatives in Brazil had experiences in several municipalities that until 2004 did not succeed in becoming a national policy. The exponent of these ex- periences is the FUNAPS-Comunita?rio, launched in 1992 by the City of Sa?o Paulo. However, using this case as an example reduces the issue and mutes other successful experiences. Therefore, we will use the Rio experience, which although small, has peculiarities, such as the adoption of collective ownership in some cooperatives. 

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