scholarly journals A symbolic projection of Langton's Ant

2003 ◽  
Vol DMTCS Proceedings vol. AB,... (Proceedings) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anahi Gajardo
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Algebraic Characterization ◽  
Transition Rule ◽  
Regular Graphs ◽  
New Approach ◽  
The Family ◽  
International Audience ◽  
Topological Dynamical Systems

International audience The Langton's ant is studied from the point of view of topological dynamical systems. A new approach which associate a subshift to the system is proposed.The transition rule is generalized to the family of bi-regular graphs $\Gamma(k,d)$ and the dependence of the dynamical system on $k$ and $d$ is analyzed. A classification of the $\Gamma (k,d)$ graphs based on the dynamical properties of the subshift is established. Also a hierarchy is defined on the graphs through the subset relation of the respective subshifts. The analysis are worked out by establishing an algebraic characterization of the forbidden words of the subshift.

scholarly journals Efficient Algorithms on the Family Associated to an Implicational System

2004 ◽  
Vol Vol. 6 no. 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karell Bertet ◽  
Mirabelle Nebut
Keyword(s):  
Closure Operator ◽  
Efficient Algorithms ◽  
Minimal Size ◽  
Closure Operators ◽  
New Approach ◽  
The Family ◽  
Finite Set ◽  
International Audience ◽  
Moore Family

International audience An implication system (IS) on a finite set S is a set of rules called Σ -implications of the kind A →_Σ B, with A,B ⊆ S. A subset X ⊆ S satisfies A →_Σ B when ''A ⊆ X implies B ⊆ X'' holds, so ISs can be used to describe constraints on sets of elements, such as dependency or causality. ISs are formally closely linked to the well known notions of closure operators and Moore families. This paper focuses on their algorithmic aspects. A number of problems issued from an IS Σ (e.g. is it minimal, is a given implication entailed by the system) can be reduced to the computation of closures φ _Σ (X), where φ _Σ is the closure operator associated to Σ . We propose a new approach to compute such closures, based on the characterization of the direct-optimal IS Σ _do which has the following properties: \beginenumerate ıtemit is equivalent to Σ ıtemφ _Σ _do(X) (thus φ _Σ (X)) can be computed by a single scanning of Σ _do-implications ıtemit is of minimal size with respect to ISs satisfying 1. and 2. \endenumerate We give algorithms that compute Σ _do, and from Σ _do closures φ _Σ (X) and the Moore family associated to φ _Σ .

On the Dynamic Isotropy of Mechanisms With Two Degrees of Freedom

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raffaele Di Gregorio ◽  
Alessandro Cammarata ◽  
Rosario Sinatra
Keyword(s):  
Finite Number ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Closed Curves ◽  
Special Cases ◽  
Dynamic Performances ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Geometric Locus

The comparison of mechanisms with different topology or with different geometry, but with the same topology, is a necessary operation during the design of a machine sized for a given task. Therefore, tools that evaluate the dynamic performances of a mechanism are welcomed. This paper deals with the dynamic isotropy of 2-dof mechanisms starting from the definition introduced in a previous paper. In particular, starting from the condition that identifies the dynamically isotropic configurations, it shows that, provided some special cases are not considered, 2-dof mechanisms have at most a finite number of isotropic configurations. Moreover, it shows that, provided the dynamically isotropic configurations are excluded, the geometric locus of the configuration space that collects the points associated to configurations with the same dynamic isotropy is constituted by closed curves. This results will allow the classification of 2-dof mechanisms from the dynamic-isotropy point of view, and the definition of some methodologies for the characterization of the dynamic isotropy of these mechanisms. Finally, examples of applications of the obtained results will be given.

scholarly journals Cellular Plasticity and Tumor Microenvironment in Gliomas: The Struggle to Hit a Moving Target

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Gargini ◽  
Berta Segura-Collar ◽  
Pilar Sánchez-Gómez
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Complete Surgical Resection ◽  
Current Therapies ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Traditional Therapies ◽  
New Treatments ◽  
Classification Of Gliomas

Brain tumors encompass a diverse group of neoplasias arising from different cell lineages. Tumors of glial origin have been the subject of intense research because of their rapid and fatal progression. From a clinical point of view, complete surgical resection of gliomas is highly difficult. Moreover, the remaining tumor cells are resistant to traditional therapies such as radio- or chemotherapy and tumors always recur. Here we have revised the new genetic and epigenetic classification of gliomas and the description of the different transcriptional subtypes. In order to understand the progression of the different gliomas we have focused on the interaction of the plastic tumor cells with their vasculature-rich microenvironment and with their distinct immune system. We believe that a comprehensive characterization of the glioma microenvironment will shed some light into why these tumors behave differently from other cancers. Furthermore, a novel classification of gliomas that could integrate the genetic background and the cellular ecosystems could have profound implications in the efficiency of current therapies as well as in the development of new treatments.

A New Fuzzy Geometrical Approach to Classify Defects in Composite Materials

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 12-20
Author(s):  
Matteo Cacciola ◽  
Salvatore Calcagno ◽  
Fabio La Foresta ◽  
Mario Versaci
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Geometrical Approach ◽  
Non Destructive Testing ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Fuzzy Distance ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Heuristic Technique ◽  
Non Destructive

It is well known that in the Non Destructive Testing/Evaluation (NDT/E) context, Ultrasonic Echoes (UEs) and Tests (UTs) are intensively exploited to identify and characterize defects in the Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP). This paper examines the localization and the classification of defects in this material from a fuzzy geometrical point of view. In particular, starting from an experimental campaign of measurements carried out in our Lab (Laboratory of Electrical Engineering & Non-Destructive Tests and Evaluations, “Mediterranea” University of Reggio Calabria), fuzzy subsethood calculus is taken into account to translate the characterization of a defect in CFRP into a sort of “fuzzy distance” among UEs. Finally, the floor is open for any questions related to the comparison with a higher computational complexity heuristic technique.

scholarly journals Czasownikowe formanty modyfikacyjne w języku polskim

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 81-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jadwiga Stawnicka
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Varied Degree ◽  
Quantitative Characteristics

Verbal modificational formatives in PolishThe paper presents the classification of verbal derivatives according to Aktionsart in Polish (Verbs containing modificational formatives). In the first part of this paper the main aim is to describe a research project about the semantic-derivational category of Aktionsarten in Slavonic languages. The second part of this paper focuses on the characterization of Polish types of verbal action. The term «types of verbal action» subsumes semantic-derivational classes of verbs distinguished on the basis of modifications in the meanings of verb bases, from the point of view of quantitative characteristics. These derivatives represent the following Aktionsarten: temporal, Aktionsarten with the varied degree of intensity and iterative Aktionsarten. Within the scope of particular Aktiosarten the division of derivatives into semantic groups according to the subtypes of Aktionsarten are formal ways of expressing them has been carried out. The article points at the problem of explaining the various meaning of Aktionsarten.

scholarly journals Vertex Subsets with Minimal Width and Dual Width in $Q$-Polynomial Distance-Regular Graphs

10.37236/654 ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hajime Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Regular Graphs ◽  
Minimal Width ◽  
Distance Regular Graphs ◽  
Classical Parameters

We study $Q$-polynomial distance-regular graphs from the point of view of what we call descendents, that is to say, those vertex subsets with the property that the width $w$ and dual width $w^*$ satisfy $w+w^*=d$, where $d$ is the diameter of the graph. We show among other results that a nontrivial descendent with $w\geq 2$ is convex precisely when the graph has classical parameters. The classification of descendents has been done for the $5$ classical families of graphs associated with short regular semilattices. We revisit and characterize these families in terms of posets consisting of descendents, and extend the classification to all of the $15$ known infinite families with classical parameters and with unbounded diameter.

scholarly journals Plurality of Points of Views and knowing of a Plural Reality

2018 ◽  
Vol Épistémologies du pluriel (Articles) ◽  
Author(s):  
Claude Compagnone
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Production ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Social Nature ◽  
The Social ◽  
International Audience ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Interactional Features ◽  
The Way

International audience El objetivo de éste artículo es dar cuenta de la manera por la cual las concepciones plurales de la realidad son inherentes al proceso de conocimiento. Asimismo, el artículo apunta a mostrar de qué manera los distintos puntos de vista de los actores sobre ésta realidad son social y materialmente situados. Apoyándose en el enfoque de J.-P. Darré , el neo-pragmatismo de H. Putnam, así como en los aportes de lingüistas y psicólogos, el presente trabajo ilumina la manera en la cual la relación entre realidad y conocimiento puede establecerse. El artículo destaca que la verdad depende de la adecuación del conocimiento a la realidad y pone en relieve las propiedades interactivas de las cosas. Finalmente, permite revelar la naturaleza social de las concepciones y discute, a partir de la noción de punto de vista de A. Schütz, la caracterización social de estos puntos de vista. The purpose of this article is to report the way in which the plural understandings of reality are inherent to the process of knowledge production. It alsoaims to show what it means that actors’ point of view are socially and materially situated. Relying on J.-P. Darré’s approach, Putnam’s pragmatism, as well as on linguists’ and psychologists’ works, it highlights how the relationship between reality and knowledge may be understood. It underlines that truth depends on the adequacy of knowledge to reality and emphasizes the interactional features of things. Then, it focuses on the social nature of understanding and discusses the social characterization of points of view, drawing on A. Schütz’s works. Le but de cet article est de rendre compte de la façon dont desconceptions plurielles de la réalité sont inhérentes au processus de connaissance.Il vise aussi à montrer comment on peut entendre que les points de vue des acteurs sur cette réalité sont socialement et objectivement situés. S’appuyant sur l’approche de J.-P. Darré, sur le néopragmatisme de H. Putnam, ainsi que sur les travaux de linguistes et de psychologues, il éclaircit la façon dont on peut entendre le rapport qui peut être établi entre réalité et connaissance. Il souligne que la vérité dépend de l’adéquation de la connaissance à la réalité et met en valeur les propriétés interactionnelles des choses. Il fait ensuite apparaître la nature sociale des conceptions et discute, à partir de la notion de point de vue de A. Schütz, de la caractérisation sociale de ces points de vue.

scholarly journals On a New Approach to Formation of a Strategy of Developing Small Businesses

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 484-490
Author(s):  
Boris Turenko ◽  
Tatyana Turenko
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Small Enterprises ◽  
Financial Strategy ◽  
Strategy Formation ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Further Development

An enterprise operating in terms of market economy must always set itself the task of further development and improvement in order to be successful and competitive. To solve this problem, it is necessary to produce a development strategy. This problem is all the more relevant for small enterprises, which find it more difficult than large enterprises to survive in the competition. Therefore, small businesses face the task of developing and implementing such a strategy for their development, which allows them to clearly define their goals and outline the ways to achieve them. The article considers various points of view on the concept of «strategy», the classification of strategies that exist in the scientific literature, including those applied to small businesses, brings forth the authors' point of view on this concept. It pays a particular attention to the proposed approach to the process of strategy formation and the mechanism of its implementation in relation to small businesses. It makes a conclusion that on the basis of the systematic approach the strategy under development should be comprehensive and include such elements as marketing, product, production, personnel, management, financial strategy and risk strategies. It brings forth a description of the content of each element. It examines an algorithm for developing an integrated strategy for development of small businesses, as well as a mechanism for implementing the strategy.

scholarly journals On Relative $t$-Designs in Polynomial Association Schemes

10.37236/4889 ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eiichi Bannai ◽  
Etsuko Bannai ◽  
Sho Suda ◽  
Hajime Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Lower Bounds ◽  
Association Scheme ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Association Schemes ◽  
Algebraic Characterization ◽  
Terwilliger Algebra ◽  
C Algebra ◽  
Irreducible Modules

Motivated by the similarities between the theory of spherical $t$-designs and that of $t$-designs in $Q$-polynomial association schemes, we study two versions of relative $t$-designs, the counterparts of Euclidean $t$-designs for $P$- and/or $Q$-polynomial association schemes. We develop the theory based on the Terwilliger algebra, which is a noncommutative associative semisimple $\mathbb{C}$-algebra associated with each vertex of an association scheme. We compute explicitly the Fisher type lower bounds on the sizes of relative $t$-designs, assuming that certain irreducible modules behave nicely. The two versions of relative $t$-designs turn out to be equivalent in the case of the Hamming schemes. From this point of view, we establish a new algebraic characterization of the Hamming schemes.

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