Levels of Arthrobotrys spp. and a population of Meloidogyne incognita in tomato

An experiment was carried out under greenhouse conditions to evaluate the effect of Arthrobotrys spp. on Meloidogyne incognita in tomato cv. Duke. Three inoculum levels of Arthrobotrys, 5, 10 and 15 ml/ plant, and two controls were evaluated. The fungus suspension was added to the seedbed and to the soil 30 days before M. incognita inoculation, Arthrobotrys applied to the seedbed at a rate of 15 ml was the best treatment and showed a significant variation in most of the variables evaluated when compared to the M. incognita control and to the absolute control.

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The Georgics

New Surveys in the Classics ◽

10.1017/s0533245100020058 ◽

1967 ◽

Vol 1 ◽

pp. 14-22

Keyword(s):

Eighteenth Century ◽

The Common ◽

The Absolute ◽

Absolute Control

‘The best poem of the best poet’, said Dryden. And Spence (a generation or so later): ‘The most beautiful and most correct poem that ever was wrote in the Roman language.’ It is not hard to see why the Georgics had such a powerful appeal to the English Augustans, nor why the English Georgic became a poetic genre in its own right in the eighteenth century. The absolute control of the medium, the perfection of finish such as we do not find uniformly in the unrevised Aeneid, put it alongside Horace’s Odes as an example of artistic excellence of the highest degree. The elaborate diction, with its elevation of the ordinary and the common into ornate and cultivated paraphrase, naturally pleased those whose ears were attuned to listen for elegance, dignity, and propriety.

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Effect of eugenol on hematological parameters in rats

Veterinarski glasnik ◽

10.2298/vetgl1302029j ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 67 (1-2) ◽

pp. 29-42

Author(s):

Milanka Jezdimirovic ◽

Nevenka Aleksic ◽

Mirjana Milovanovic ◽

Dragica Stojanovic ◽

Nemanja Jezdimirovic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Significant Influence ◽

Hemolytic Activity ◽

Hematological Parameters ◽

Haemoglobin Concentration ◽

Control Group ◽

Duration Of Treatment ◽

Volume Number ◽

The Absolute ◽

Absolute Control ◽

Different Doses

Investigations covered the possible hematotoxic effect of eugenol in rats following two-week and four-week continuous p.o. application. An experiment was conducted on 72 maleWistar rats divided into six groups. Four groups were treated with different doses of eugenol (10 mg/kg bm/day, 50 mg/kg/day, 200 mg/kg/day and 400 mg/kg bm/day), the control group was administered a vehiculum (0,5 % methylcellulose, 20 % propylene glycol and water), and the sixth group was the absolute untreated control. Eugenol and the vehiculum were administered using a gastric probe in a volume of 1 ml/100 g body mass of rat. Blood was sampled using cardiac puncture on days 14 and 28 of the experiment in order to determine hematological parameters (hematocrit, number of erythrocytes, MCV, haemoglobin concentration, MCH, number of leukocytes, leukocyte formula, and number of thrombocytes). The results have shown that eugenol administered over 14 and 28 days in doses of 10, 50, 200 i 400 mg/kg bm/day has no hemolytic activity. Furthermore, administered over four weeks, it does not significantly affect the number of erythrocytes, haemoglobin concentration, hematocrit, erythrocyte volume, number of leukocytes, and the leukocyte formula. Applied over two weeks, eugenol causes a significant increase in the mass of haemoglobin per erythrocyte, in comparison with controls. This effect is non-specific and does not depend on the dose or on the duration of treatment. The eugenol doses of 10 and 200 mg/kg/day administered over a period of four weeks result in a statistically significant reduction in the number of thrombocytes in comparison with the absolute control, while the highest investigated dose (400 mg/kg) causes a significant increase in comparison with the numbers for rats treated with a dose of 10 and 200 mg/kg/day. The changes in thrombocyte number caused by eugenol are qualitatively different and depend neither on the dose nor on the duration of treatment. Eugenol applied over two or four weeks does not exhibit a significant influence on the number of lymphocytes, monocytes or granulocytes.

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Analysis on Improvement of Ownership Structure and Dividend—Take Apple as an Example

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202123501024 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 235 ◽

pp. 01024

Author(s):

Yuting Li

Keyword(s):

Ownership Structure ◽

The Absolute ◽

Control Right ◽

Dual Class ◽

Share Structure ◽

And Control ◽

Absolute Control

Equal equity is not a suitable pathway to control the corporations. For Apple Company, due to Jobs’ equal equity, the most important reason that he quitted his company is that at the first step of the company, he had the same shares as other members of the board, but he did not have the absolute control of his company. Also, after the corporation was listed, the shares have been diluted gradually. Losing the control right, Jobs cannot make wise decisions or seek for strategic chances to make a huge profit, when members of the board held diverse opinions. Therefore dual-class share structure and ownership systems are the better choice for founders and entrepreneurs to operate and control the company. Managers have absolute control of the corporations so that they could make intellectual decisions without disturbance and intervention. Companies, accumulating a large amount of money, could pay dividends to shareholders and buy stocks.

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Biochemical changes in ridge gourd (Luffa acutangula l.) cultivars induced by root knot nematodes

Bangladesh Journal of Botany ◽

10.3329/bjb.v49i4.52498 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 49 (4) ◽

pp. 919-925

Author(s):

Ritu Kumari Pandey ◽

DK Nayak

Keyword(s):

Meloidogyne Incognita ◽

Post Infection ◽

Catalase Activity ◽

Significant Variation ◽

Phenylalanine Ammonia Lyase ◽

Biochemical Changes ◽

Infection Period ◽

Tyrosine Ammonia Lyase ◽

Luffa Acutangula ◽

Ridge Gourd Cultivars

Biochemical changes in different ridge gourd cultivars inoculated with Meloidogyne incognita were investigated. All the parameters showed higher activity during post infection period, both at shoots and roots level. Cultivar Priya had significant higher activity of phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) than rest of the cultivars in infected shoots. However, it had only significant higher PAL expression in infected roots of Harsha cultivar of ridge gourd. All the cultivars showed non-significant changes in infected shoots for tyrosine ammonia lyase (TAL) contents. In infected roots, culture BSS 1009 showed significant increase in TAL than cultivars Harsha and Aarti, however Priya only had significant higher expression of TAL than culture Harsha. For peroxidase contains, all the cultivars displayed significant variation at infected shoots and roots level. Highest increase in peroxidase was noticed in resistant than susceptible cultivars in infected shoots of different ridge gourd cultivars. In general, with few exceptions resistant cultivars had higher catalase activity both in infected shoots and roots of different ridge gourd cultivars.

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Comparison of Iodide, Iodate, and Iodine-Chitosan Complexes for the Biofortification of Lettuce

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app10072378 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. 2378

Author(s):

Irma Esther Dávila Rangel ◽

Libia Iris Trejo Téllez ◽

Hortensia Ortega Ortiz ◽

Antonio Juárez Maldonado ◽

Susana González Morales ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Development ◽

Crop Yields ◽

Viable Alternative ◽

Single Application ◽

Adequate Intake ◽

Maximum Accumulation ◽

Split Dose ◽

The Absolute ◽

Absolute Control ◽

Iodine Complexes

Iodine is an essential trace nutrient for humans; its deficit can affect motor and cognitive development. Biofortifying crops with iodine is a way of promoting the adequate intake of this element. The uses of chitosan-iodine complexes for crop biofortification have not been previously studied. The present work evaluated the effects of KIO3 and KI salts, chitosan-KIO3 complex (Cs-KIO3), and chitosan-KI complex (Cs-KI) application on lettuce, with a chitosan-only treatment as a control and water as the absolute control. Each treatment involved the application of 0, 5, and 25 mg I kg−1 soil applied before transplanting or 25 mg I kg−1 soil applied as split doses of 12.5 mg kg−1, once immediately before transplanting and the second application 15 days later. Single application of Cs-KIO3 at 5 and 25 mg I kg−1 increased lettuce biomass while the split-dose application (SDA) of Cs-KI (25 mg I kg−1) led to a decrease in biomass. Maximum accumulation of iodine in lettuce was observed after the application of KIO3 (25 mg I kg−1) in two parts. This study shows that the use of chitosan complexes, especially Cs-KIO3, may be a viable alternative for crop biofortification with iodine without affecting crop yields.

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Levels of Crotalaria juncea on growth, production, recovery and efficiency of the use of N in broccoli

Horticultura Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s0102-053620170313 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 35 (3) ◽

pp. 395-401 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Ellen R Diniz ◽

Thiago O Vargas ◽

Wander D Pereira ◽

Ricardo HS Santos ◽

Segundo Urquiaga ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Green Manure ◽

Cropping Systems ◽

N Uptake ◽

Maximum Point ◽

Mineral Fertilization ◽

Crotalaria Juncea ◽

Physiological Efficiency ◽

Growth Production ◽

The Absolute ◽

Absolute Control

ABSTRACT The recommendation for green manure (GM) in cropping systems still has little scientific support, with few studies addressing the effects of nutrient amounts from green manure on the growth and production of the crop. Our aim was to evaluate the effect of levels of Crotalaria juncea green manure on the growth, production, and efficiency of the use as well as the apparent recovery of N in broccoli crop. Seven treatments were established; the main with four doses of green manure: 0, 3, 6, and 9 t/ha on a dry matter (DM) basis, applied with 12 t/ha compost. The control treatments consisted of mineral fertilization, the treatment with 25 t/ha compost, and another as the absolute control. Comparatively, production under the absolute control was less than all other treatments with green manure doses and application of 12 t/ha compost. The production of plants grown with 25 t/ha compost was superior to that of plants grown with dose of 0 t/ha and similar to that obtained with 3 t/ha; however, it was inferior to those produced with doses of 6 and 9 t/ha green manure. The highest percentage of N recovered (REC N) by the broccoli plants was observed close to a dose of 3 t/ha green manure, with a maximum point of 37.90% (2.8 t/ha), while in larger doses of 6 and 9 t/ha showed estimated values of 31.91% and 20.49%, respectively. The physiological efficiency of the use of N (EFUN) showed an effect similar to apparent recovery of N (REC N), with higher EFUN from lowest to highest dose of green manure, that is, 3, 6, and 9 t/ha, with estimated values of 70.41, 62.45, and 26.02 g DM per g of N uptake, respectively. The mass amounts of applied C. juncea influenced positively on the growth and productivity of broccoli. The lower mass of applied green manure increases the physiological efficiency of the use of N with more apparent recovery of the applied N.

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Bulk standards for low-temperature biological x-ray microanalysis

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100111525 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 42 ◽

pp. 282-283

Author(s):

P. Echlin ◽

M. McKoon ◽

E.S. Taylor ◽

C.E. Thomas ◽

K.L. Maloney ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Phase Separation ◽

Low Temperature ◽

Analytical Method ◽

Salt Solutions ◽

Absolute Concentration ◽

Cooling Process ◽

X Ray ◽

The Absolute ◽

Analytical Procedures ◽

Electrical Conductors

Although sections of frozen salt solutions have been used as standards for x-ray microanalysis, such solutions are less useful when analysed in the bulk form. They are poor thermal and electrical conductors and severe phase separation occurs during the cooling process. Following a suggestion by Whitecross et al we have made up a series of salt solutions containing a small amount of graphite to improve the sample conductivity. In addition, we have incorporated a polymer to ensure the formation of microcrystalline ice and a consequent homogenity of salt dispersion within the frozen matrix. The mixtures have been used to standardize the analytical procedures applied to frozen hydrated bulk specimens based on the peak/background analytical method and to measure the absolute concentration of elements in developing roots.

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A Quantitative Ultrastructural Study of Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes Containing Parallel Tubular Arrays in Epstein-Barr Virus and Cytomegalo-Virus Mononucleosis

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100098769 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 39 ◽

pp. 454-455

Author(s):

C. M. Payne ◽

P. M. Tennican

Keyword(s):

Peripheral Blood ◽

Lymphocyte Count ◽

Epstein Barr Virus ◽

Absolute Lymphocyte Count ◽

Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes ◽

Clinical State ◽

Barr Virus ◽

The Absolute ◽

Epstein Barr ◽

Tubular Arrays

In the normal peripheral circulation there exists a sub-population of lymphocytes which is ultrastructurally distinct. This lymphocyte is identified under the electron microscope by the presence of cytoplasmic microtubular-like inclusions called parallel tubular arrays (PTA) (Figure 1), and contains Fc-receptors for cytophilic antibody. In this study, lymphocytes containing PTA (PTA-lymphocytes) were quantitated from serial peripheral blood specimens obtained from two patients with Epstein -Barr Virus mononucleosis and two patients with cytomegalovirus mononucleosis. This data was then correlated with the clinical state of the patient.It was determined that both the percentage and absolute number of PTA- lymphocytes was highest during the acute phase of the illness. In follow-up specimens, three of the four patients' absolute lymphocyte count fell to within normal limits before the absolute PTA-lymphocyte count.In one patient who was followed for almost a year, the absolute PTA- lymphocyte count was consistently elevated (Figure 2). The estimation of absolute PTA-lymphocyte counts was determined to be valid after a morphometric analysis of the cellular areas occupied by PTA during the acute and convalescent phases of the disease revealed no statistical differences.

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Polarity Determination in Sphalerite and Wurtzite Structures

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100136106 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 48 (2) ◽

pp. 500-501

Author(s):

Stuart McKernan ◽

C. Barry Carter

Keyword(s):

Opposite Polarity ◽

Single Domain ◽

Polar Material ◽

Electron Microscopic ◽

Dynamical Interaction ◽

X Ray ◽

Polarity Determination ◽

The Absolute ◽

Microscopic Techniques

The determination of the absolute polarity of a polar material is often crucial to the understanding of the defects which occur in such materials. Several methods exist by which this determination may be performed. In bulk, single-domain specimens, macroscopic techniques may be used, such as the different etching behavior, using the appropriate etchant, of surfaces with opposite polarity. X-ray measurements under conditions where Friedel’s law (which means that the intensity of reflections from planes of opposite polarity are indistinguishable) breaks down can also be used to determine the absolute polarity of bulk, single-domain specimens. On the microscopic scale, and particularly where antiphase boundaries (APBs), which separate regions of opposite polarity exist, electron microscopic techniques must be employed. Two techniques are commonly practised; the first [1], involves the dynamical interaction of hoLz lines which interfere constructively or destructively with the zero order reflection, depending on the crystal polarity. The crystal polarity can therefore be directly deduced from the relative intensity of these interactions.

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