scholarly journals Antimicrobial activity of green synthesized tri-metallic oxide Ni/Cr/Cu nanoparticles

2021 ◽  
pp. 144-147
Author(s):  
Sathish Kumar Kannaiyan ◽  
Rengaraj R ◽  
Venkata krishnan G R ◽  
Gayathri P K ◽  
Lavanya G ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Antimicrobial Property ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Cu Nanoparticles ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Metallic Oxide ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Dependent Inhibition ◽  
Dose Dependent Inhibition ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries

The tri-metallic oxide Ni/Cr/Cu nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized using Coriander sativum extract as the reducing agent. The precursors namely CuSO4.5H2O, Ni(NO3)2·6H2O and Cr (NO3)3·9H2O were used for the green synthesis. Further, the prepared NPs were characterized using Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies. Its antimicrobial property against two fungal and two bacterial species was determined by measuring the respective zone of inhibition (ZOI) in well diffusion method. A dose dependent inhibition was observed in all the four species of pathogens including Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Aspergillus flavus and Penicillium sp. This antimicrobial property of tri-metallic oxide NPs may be utilized in the field of medical research, pharmaceutical industries and environmental sciences.

Investigation on the antibacterial activity of electronic cigarette liquids (ECLs): a proof of concept study

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginia Fuochi ◽  
Massimo Caruso ◽  
Rosalia Emma ◽  
Aldo Stivala ◽  
Riccardo Polosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
A549 Cells ◽  
Bactericidal Effect ◽  
Minimal Bactericidal Concentration ◽  
Viability Assay ◽  
Dependent Inhibition ◽  
Dose Dependent Inhibition ◽  
Dose Dependent

Background: The key ingredients of e-cigarettes liquid are commonly propane-1,2-diol (also called propylene glycol) and propane-1,2,3-triol (vegetal glycerol) and their antimicrobial effects are already established. The nicotine and flavors which are often present in e-liquids can interfere with the growth of some microorganisms. Objective: The effect of the combining these elements in e-liquids is unknown. The aim of the study was to investigate the possible effects of these liquids on bacterial growth in the presence or absence of nicotine and flavors. Methods: Susceptibilities of pathogenic strains (Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis and Sarcina lutea) were studied by means of a multidisciplinary approach. Cell viability and antioxidant assays were also evaluated. Results: All e-liquids investigated showed antibacterial activity against at least one pathogenic strain. A higher activity was correlated to the presence of flavors and nicotine. Discussion: In most cases the value of minimal bactericidal concentration is equal to the value of minimal inhibitory concentration showing that these substances have a bactericidal effect. This effect was observed in concentrations up to 6.25% v/v. Antioxidant activity was also correlated to presence of flavors. Over time, the viability assay in human epithelial lung A549 cells showed a dose-dependent inhibition of cell growth. Conclusion: Our results have shown that flavors considerably enhance the antibacterial activity of propane-1,2-diol and propane-1,2,3-triol. This study provides important evidence that should be taken into consideration in further investigative approaches, to clarify the different sensitivity of the various bacterial species to e-liquids, including the respiratory microbiota, to highlight the possible role of flavors and nicotine.

scholarly journals Effect of Various Parameters on Bio-Synthesis of Copper Nanoparticles Using Citrus Medica Linn (Lemon) Extract and Its Antibacterial Activity

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-58
Author(s):  
Sharmila Pradhan ◽  
Rajeswori Shrestha ◽  
Khuma Bhandari
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Copper Nanoparticles ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Crystalline Nature ◽  
Bio Synthesis

This research is focused on bio-synthesis of Copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) using lemon extract to study the effect of various parameters on synthesis and to explore antibacterial activity. The biomolecules present in lemon extract act as self reducing and stabilizing agent. The synthesis of CuNPs was found to be affected by various parameters like volume of the lemon extract, concentration of the precursor and the temperature etc. Preliminary characterization of formation of nanoparticles were done by color change and UV-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy. Elemental composition of the prepared sample was determined via Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) Spectroscopy. Presence of important functional groups associated with biomolecules is well characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM ) revealed the formation agglomerated CuNPs of different shape and sizes and the X-ray diffraction pattern showed the formation of purely crystalline nature of CuNPs. Finally, agar well diffusion method showed that CuNPs have potential antibacterial activity against Gram-ve bacteria compared to Gram +ve bacteria.

scholarly journals Purification, crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction analysis of theN-acetyltransferase SAV0826 fromStaphylococcus aureus

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-214
Author(s):  
Parul Srivastava ◽  
Yogesh B. Khandokar ◽  
Jade K. Forwood
Keyword(s):  
Diffraction Analysis ◽  
Single Molecule ◽  
Protein Function ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cell Parameters ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Antibiotic Drug

Staphylococcus aureusis a prevalent microorganism that is capable of causing a wide range of infections and diseases. Several strains of this bacterial species have developed antibiotic resistance to methicillin and vancomycin, and higher death rates are still being reported each year owing to multidrug-resistant strains. Certain GCN5-relatedN-acetyltransferases (GNATs) exhibit a broad substrate range, including aminoglycosides, histones, other proteins and serotonin, and have been implicated in antibiotic drug resistance. Here, the expression, purification, crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction analysis of a GNAT fromS. aureus(SaNAT) are reported. SaNAT was recombinantly expressed and crystallized by the hanging-drop vapour-diffusion method at 296 K, and the crystals diffracted to 1.7 Å resolution on the MX2 beamline at the Australian Synchrotron. The crystals belonged to space groupP43212, with unit-cell parametersa=b= 84.86,c= 49.06 Å, α = β = γ = 90°. A single molecule is likely to be present in the asymmetric unit. A full structural and functional analysis is currently being undertaken to provide novel insights into the protein function, which in turn may provide a basis for drug design.

scholarly journals SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION OF ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF 22’DICHLOROHYDROBENZOIN

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 334
Author(s):  
Thanuja B ◽  
Charles Kanagam
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Optical Behavior ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

Objective: The objective of this work to evaluate the antimicrobial activities of synthesized 22’dichlorohydrobenzoin (22’CD) a new organic crystal.Methods: 22’CD a new organic crystal was grown by vapor diffusion method. Single crystals of 22’CD have been subjected to X-ray diffraction analysis to estimate the lattice parameters and the space group. The molecular structure was confirmed using Fourier transform infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectral analyses. Optical behavior and thermal stability of the crystal were determined using UV-Vis spectroscopy and thermogravimetry-differential thermal analysis curves. In the present study, antimicrobial activity of 22’CD was evaluated against Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis was evaluated by agar well diffusion method.Results: Antibacterial activity of 22’CD was analyzed with ciprofloxacin and miconazole standard and tested against E. coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella paratyphi, Klebsiella pneumonia’s, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus progenies, and B. subtilis.Conclusion: The 22’CD was found to be effective against E. coli and B. subtitles.

scholarly journals Extraction and Purification of Antimicrobial Proteins from Datura Stramonium Seed

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 1073-1077 ◽  
Author(s):  
Surayya Mustapha Muhammad ◽  
Ibrahim A. Sabo ◽  
Ahmed Mohammed Gumel ◽  
Fatima I, Alkali
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Property ◽  
Datura Stramonium ◽  
Protein Band ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
World Health ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Public Health Burden ◽  
Global Challenge ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries

Resistant to antibiotics by microbes have become a major global challenge incurring economic and public health burden. Hence, research to develop new effective anti-biotics should be a major consideration to pharmaceutical industries, scientific researchers, Amanda ‘scientific researchers and world health organizations at large. This study is conducted to investigate the antimicrobial property of proteins present in the seeds of Datura stramonium. The extraction was carried out using Tris-HCL buffer prepared from 50M Tris and 0.3M NaCL, the proteins were isolated using ammonium sulphate precipitation to obtain 80% fraction. The isolated and extracted proteins sample were subjected to dialysis in which all the salt was removed and then purified using Ion-exchange chromatography. Acidic and basic fractions of the proteins obtained were subjected to SDS-PAGE electrophoresis to visualize their different molecular weight. More protein band was observed in the basic fraction between 9-45kDa. Antibacterial activities of both acidic and basic proteins were carried out using the paper disc diffusion method against clinical bacterial isolates of E. coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. More activity was observed in basic protein with a diameter 8mm compared to the acidic fraction of 7mm in diameter. 

scholarly journals Five-Coordinate Zinc(II) Complex: Synthesis, Characterization, Molecular Structure, and Antibacterial Activities of Bis-[(E)-2-hydroxy-N′-{1-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethylidene}benzohydrazido]dimethylsulfoxidezinc(II) Complex

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi-Qiang Liu ◽  
Yoke Mooi Ng ◽  
Pei Jen Tiong ◽  
Ruwaida Asyikin Abu Talip ◽  
Nornadia Jasin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Schiff Base ◽  
Dmso Molecule ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Bidentate Ligand ◽  
Ethanol Solution ◽  
Metal Center ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Spectral Studies ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy

The titled Zn(II) complex was synthesized by reacting the compound (E)-2-hydroxy-N′-{1-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethylidene}benzohydrazide with zinc(II) acetate dihydrate in alkaline DMSO and ethanol solution under reflux condition for 28 hours. The resulting solid was filtered and recrystallized from the mixture of ethanol and DMSO. The hydrazone Schiff base and its Zn(II) complex were characterized using 1H, 13C NMR, FTIR, UV-Vis spectroscopy, and single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Meanwhile, their antibacterial activities were examined using disc diffusion method. The spectral studies showed that the hydrazone Schiff base underwent keto-enol tautomerization, forming a bidentate ligand (N,O) towards Zn(II) ion. Surprisingly, on top of the two hydrazone Schiff base molecules which coordinated to the Zn metal center, an additional DMSO molecule was found attached to the Zn metal center in the crystal data, resulting in a 5-coordinate distorted trigonal bipyramidal Zn(II) complex. Both hydrazone Schiff base and its Zn(II) complexes were found to exhibit low antibacterial activity even when the concentrations were increased to 800 ppm.

scholarly journals Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Naturally Occurring Flavonoids from M. heterophylla and the Safety Evaluation in Wistar Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
Sheriff Itopa Umar ◽  
◽  
Bashir Lawal ◽  
Bala Alkali Mohammed ◽  
Cyril Ifeanyi Obiekezie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Safety Evaluation ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Antibacterial Study ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Dependent Inhibition ◽  
Dose Dependent Inhibition ◽  
Dose Dependent

Background: Maytenus heterophylla (M. heterophylla) is commonly used in African traditional medicine for the management of various ailments. The present study evaluated the antioxidant, antimicrobial and safety properties of the Flavonoid extract of M. heterophylla in Wister rats. Methods: The Flavonoid was subjected to antibacterial study via agar well diffusion method, and antioxidant study using 2, 2′-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric reducing antioxidant properties (FRAP) assays. Subacute toxicity were carried out by the oral administration of the extract at a daily dose of 50 or 100mg/kg for 28 days. Results: The extract produced significant antioxidants activities with IC50 of 33.07±0.84 µg/mL & 38.08±0.89 μg/mL in DPPH and FRAPS models respectively. It produced a dose-dependent inhibition of S. aureus, E.coli, P. aeruginosa, K. pneumonia and S. Typhi with MIC between 12.5µg/mL to 25µg/mL. The flavonoid was safe on acute exposure to rats (LD50> 5000 mg/kg). However, the chronic exposure significantly (p<0.05) decreased the creatinine, bilirubin concentrations and increased aspartate transaminase (AST) activities while the total protein, albumin, alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatise (ALP), urea, chloride, potassium and sodium concentrations were comparable with those in the controls. The organs-body weights ratios also compared well with the controls (p<0.05). Conclusions: The findings showed that the Flavonoid extract of M. heterophylla was relatively non-toxic following acute or chronic exposures at 50-100 mg/kg. The flavonoid extract may potentially serve as a candidate agent for the development of an anti-microbial drug and to enhance the antioxidant capacity in rats.

Synthesis and Antibacterial Activity of Silver Nanoparticles Against Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas sp.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Irfanul Hoque ◽  
Sultana Afrin Jahan Rima ◽  
Md. Salah Uddin ◽  
M. Julkarnain
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Chemical Reduction ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
X Ray Diffraction

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been synthesized by chemical reduction method using ascorbic acid as reducing agent. Silver nitrate (AgNO[Formula: see text] and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) have been used as precursor and stabilizer, respectively. The prepared samples were characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The antibacterial activity of prepared silver nanoparticles has been assessed by using the disc diffusion method against pathogenic, gram-negative bacterial strains including Escherichia coli and Pseudomonassp. To evaluate the potential antibacterial properties of AgNPs, the discs have been impregnated and dried with three different doses like 50, 100 and 150[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]l of 20[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]g/ml concentrated AgNPs solution and placed on the Petri-dishes. The antibiotic kanamycin (5[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]g) was used as control. In all the cases, a clear and distinct zone of inhibition is observed, which suggests that AgNPs can be used as effective growth inhibitors of various bacterial species and would be promising candidate for future development of antibacterial agents.

scholarly journals A Novel Antibacterial Topical Gel from Nigella sativa and Achyranthes aspera against Acne Causing Microorganisms

2021 ◽  
pp. 57-63
Author(s):  
Iqra Rahat ◽  
Satish Kumar Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Property ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Acne Vulgaris ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Antimicrobial Property ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Achyranthes Aspera ◽  
Topical Gel ◽  
Potential Alternative

Inflammation in sebaceous follicles leads to skin related maladies more specifically, acne vulgaris. Bacterial species involved in causing such maladies involve P. acnes, S. epidermidis, S. aureus. These microbes have negatively affected the currently available remedies for acne vulgaris. In this research herbal Nigella sativa, Achyranthes aspera seeds were used instead of using any chemical based product on skin. The present study aims to develop novel antibacterial gel using Nigella sativa, Achyranthes aspera seeds to target pathogens that cause dermal acne. To extract the antibacterial property of the seed, they were soaked in desired chemicals individually in a shaker and then evaporated by using a rotary evaporator. After the extraction the extract was screed using the agar gel well diffusion method against P. acnes as well as S. aureus. From the diffusion method it was found that the extract is loaded with antibacterial properties. Now, the extract of N. sativa and A. aspera seeds was further divided into gels of 2 different concentrations and subjected for stability evaluation of antimicrobial activity. In this research it was found that the antibacterial property of the 10% of seed extract used was surpassed the commercial synthetic product. In addition, it was found that there were no changes in colour, pH, odor, consistency, homogeneity, and washing capacity, although the antibacterial potential was physiologically stable during storage time. The strong antimicrobial property produced from the extract in topical gel formulations suggests that the formulation can be a potential alternative to current remedies in the treatment of acne vulgaris.

Differences between antigenic determinants of pig and cat zona pellucida proteins

Reproduction ◽  
2000 ◽  
pp. 15-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Jewgenow ◽  
M Rohleder ◽  
I Wegner
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Zona Pellucida ◽  
Antigenic Determinants ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Contraceptive Vaccine ◽  
Sperm Binding ◽  
Dependent Inhibition ◽  
Dose Dependent Inhibition ◽  
Dose Dependent

Despite many efforts, the control of reproduction in feral cat populations is still a problem in urban regions around the world. Immunocontraception is a promising approach; thus the present study examined the suitability of the widely used pig zona pellucida proteins (pZP) for contraception in feral domestic cats. Purified zona pellucida proteins obtained from pig and cat ovaries were used to produce highly specific antisera in rabbits. Antibodies against pZP raised in rabbits or lions were not effective inhibitors of either in vitro sperm binding (cat spermatozoa to cat oocytes) or in vitro fertilization in cats, whereas antibodies against feline zona pellucida proteins (fZP) raised in rabbits showed a dose-dependent inhibition of in vitro fertilization. Immunoelectrophoresis, ELISA and immunohistology of ovaries confirmed these results, showing crossreactivity of anti-fZP sera to fZP and to a lesser extent to pZP, but no interaction of anti-pZP sera with fZP. It is concluded that cat and pig zonae pellucidae express a very small number of shared antigenic determinants, making the use of pZP vaccine in cats questionable. A contraceptive vaccine based on feline zona pellucida determinants will be a better choice for the control of reproduction in feral cats if immunogenity can be achieved.

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