scholarly journals Synthesis of Natural Food Colour from Carotenoid using Flower Petals

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 151-160
Author(s):  
K Naganandhini ◽  
Radha Palaniswamyi,
Keyword(s):  
Natural Food ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Carotenoid Pigments ◽  
Solvent Extraction Method ◽  
Food Colour ◽  
Molecular Components ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Ixora Coccinea ◽  
Food Colours

Colour is an important characteristic of food. Since the colours are obtained from synthetic origin, it shows some adverse effect to humans. So it is an alternative way to use natural food colour obtained in the form a carotenoid pigments along with health benefits, In this current study, natural food colours are obtained by means of a carotenoid pigments by using flower petals of Hibiscus rosa- sinesis, senna auriculata, Magnolia champaca and Ixora coccinea by using the solvent extraction method. During the extraction upper phase containing carotenoid pigments are separated. The extracted pigments are then subjected to confirmatory assessment of carotenoid pigments by UV spectrophotometer. Phytochemical analysis was done to each extract to see the bio active compound present in it. Extracted sample was studied for antioxidant activity, antibacterial activity for each extract was performed against Escherichia coli. To identify the mixture of compounds, it was subjected to Thin Layer Chromatography, then analysed and compared with the standard carotenoid. To identify molecular components and structure of the each extract and functional group present in it, FTIR was done. Each sample of extraction was checked for the physical parameters like stability and pH. The obtained natural carotenoid colour pigments were incorporated in food along phytochemical properties too.

scholarly journals Identification of Synthetic Food Colours in Selected Confectioneries and Beverages in Jaffna District, Sri Lanka

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. G. T. Dilrukshi ◽  
Helani Munasinghe ◽  
A. Buddhika G. Silva ◽  
P. G. S. M. De Silva
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Natural Food ◽  
Textile Dye ◽  
High Tendency ◽  
Food Colour ◽  
Awareness Programs ◽  
Uv Visible ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Food Colours

Colour is a key component to enhance the ultimate appetizing value and consumer acceptance towards foods and beverages. Synthetic food colours have been increasingly used than natural food colours by food manufacturers to attain certain properties such as low cost, improved appearance, high colour intensity, more colour stability, and uniformity. Varied foods and beverages available in the market may contain some nonpermitted synthetic colours and overuse of permitted synthetic colours. This may lead to severe health problems such as mutations, cancers, reduced haemoglobin concentrations, and allergic reactions. According to the Food Act, 2011 (No. 26 of 1980), Sri Lanka, only nine synthetic food colours are permitted and the colour concentration cannot exceed 100 ppm as a single component or in combination. This study aims to identify the synthetic food colours in confectioneries and beverages available in Jaffna district, Sri Lanka. Randomly collected 110 samples from eleven Medical Officers Of Health areas in Jaffna district were analyzed by using thin layer chromatography and UV-visible spectrophotometry. According to the results, 100% beverages and 85% confectioneries contained permitted synthetic food colours. Out of all, 7% of the confectioneries did not contain any synthetic food colour and 8% of the confectioneries contained nonpermitted colours which do not comply with any of the permitted synthetic food colours. Tartrazine (E102) (41%) was the most used synthetic food colour in both confectioneries and beverages. Moreover, 60% of the beverages violated the label requirement without including proper colour ingredients. The study concluded that there is a high tendency to use synthetic food colours in confectioneries and beverages and some confectioneries contain unidentified colours including a textile dye. Therefore, the implementation of regulations and awareness programs of food colours for consumers and food manufacturers are highly recommended.

scholarly journals The effect of storage on the colour of paprika powders with added oleoresin

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-59
Author(s):  
Zs. H. Horváth
Keyword(s):  
Natural Food ◽  
Colour Measurements ◽  
Food Colour ◽  
Powder Samples ◽  
Paprika Oleoresin ◽  
Colour System ◽  
Plant Grown ◽  
Cielab Colour ◽  
Colour Coordinates ◽  
Food Colours

Abstract The use of natural food colours is preferred to that of arti­ficial dyestuffs for modern alimentary purposes. Paprika is a spice plant grown and consumed in considerable quantities worldwide and also used as a natural food colour, so the colouring power of powders is very important. The colour of paprika powder is highly relevant too because the consumer concludes its colouring power based on its colour. The colouring power of paprika powders is directly determined by the quality and quantity of the colouring agent of paprika. The paprika oleoresin, that is an oil soluble extract from the fruits of Capsicum Annum Linn or Capsicum Frutescens, is suitable to raise the colour agent content of paprika powders. We investigated how the colour and the characteristics of paprika powder samples with added oleoresin change in the course of storage. The colour agent content of 7 different quality powders was increased with 7-75% using oleoresin. The initial colour agent content of samples changed between 41 and 169 ASTA units. The powders were made from Chinese, Peruvian, and Hungarian paprika. Colour measurements were performed with a HunterLab MiniScan colour-measuring instrument. The CIELab colour system was used for colour characterization. The colour agent content and the colour coordinates of samples were measured throughout 9 months. The decrease of colour agent con­tent varied between 22 and 51 percent, while the average reduction was 33 percent. The quantity of added oleoresin did not influence the colour agent content decrease significantly. The values of colour difference changed between 2 and 4.5 units. The initial paprika powder influenced the variation significantly, but the quantity of added oleoresin did not have a significant effect.

FINGER PRINTING ANALYSIS OF THE PHENOLS FROM HOLOPTELEA INTEGRIFOLIA (ROXB.) PLANT LEAVES USING HPTLC

INDIAN DRUGS ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (09) ◽  
pp. 67-71
Author(s):  
R. C. Sutar ◽  
◽  
D. S Musmade
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Plant Leaves ◽  
Methanol Extracts ◽  
Finger Printing ◽  
Rf Values ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Tungsten Lamp

The present study was conducted to identify the phenols from methanol extracts (MHI) of medicinally and economically useful leaves of Holoptelea integrifolia (Roxb.) plant using High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPLC) technique. Preliminary phytochemical screening was done and HPTLC studies were carried out on CAMAG HPTLC system equipped with Linomat V applicator (Switzerland). Densitometric scanning was performed with Camag TLC scanner IV in the reflectance absorbance mode at 540 nm and operated by Win CATS software (1.4.6 Camag) with the help of tungsten lamp. Preliminary phytochemical screening of methanolic extract of Holoptelea integrifolia showed the presence of steroids, alkaloids, flavonoids, proteins, phenols and carbohydrates. HPT LC finger printing of phenols of methanolic extract of leaf revealed seven polyvalent phytoconstituents (7 peaks) and corresponding ascending order of Rf values in the range of 0.15 to 0.75. From the results of preliminary phytochemical analysis and above Rf values, we have concluded the presence of phenols in methanol extracts.

scholarly journals Identificación, establecimiento in vitro y análisis fitoquímico preliminar de especies silvestres de ñame (Dioscorea spp.) empleadas con fines medicinales

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Víctor Andrés Ramos Duarte ◽  
Silvia Lizette Bustamante, R. ◽  
Javier Rincón Velandia ◽  
Maritza Adelina Rojas Cardozo ◽  
Lauren Raz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Culture Media ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Extraction Solvent ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Edible Species ◽  
Medicinal Use ◽  
Advanced Analysis ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Wild Yam

<strong><strong>Título en ingles: Identification, <em>in vitro</em> establishment and preliminary phytochemical analysis of wild yam (<em>Dioscorea spp</em>.) used for medicinal purposes</strong></strong><p><strong><strong><strong>Título corto: Identificación, establecimiento <em>in vitro </em>y análisis fitoquímico preliminar de especies silvestres de ñame</strong></strong></strong></p><p><strong>Resumen:  </strong>Tubérculos del género<em> Dioscorea </em>comercializados con fines medicinales, fueron recolectados con el propósito de lograr su establecimiento a condiciones <em>in vitro. </em>Previamente se lograron identificar taxonómicamente las especies y por medio de análisis fitoquímicos demostrar su potencial farmacéutico. El material recolectado fue identificado como <em>Dioscorea coriacea, D. lehmannii, D. meridensis, D. polygonoides </em>y una especie comestible<em> D. trifida</em>. Tubérculos recolectados de centros de acopio y traídos de campo fueron lavados, desinfectados, asperjados con Ácido Giberélico (AG<sub>3</sub>) y sembrados en sustrato BM-2®, en invernadero a 18°C día y 10°C noche. Los tubérculos completos o por secciones fueron almacenados en bolsas herméticas a temperatura ambiente. Posteriormente se desinfectó material vegetal de las especies <em>D. coriacea, D. lehmannii, D. meridensis y D polygonoides, </em>seleccionando explantes de brotes sanos (<em>D. coriacea / </em>laboratorio) para su establecimiento. Se evaluaron tres medios de cultivo para establecimiento, el que presentó los mejores resultados fue Medio Murashige &amp; Skoog (1962) suplementado con BAP 1 mL/L, AG<sub>3</sub> 1 mL/L y Putrescina 2 mL/L. Para la extracción y análisis de metabolitos secundarios se utilizaron tubérculos de <em>D. coriacea, D. lehmannii</em> y <em>D. polygonoides</em>, empleando como solvente de extracción metanol. Se  encontró mayor concentración de extracto vegetal en <em>D. coriacea </em>(54%), y mediante cromatografía en capa delgada (CCD), se confirmó la presencia de saponinas, que resultó mayor en comparación con <em>D. polygonoides</em> especie reconocida por su alto contenido de saponinas. Estos resultados permitirán realizar análisis más avanzados de los compuestos presentes y plantear su propagación masiva en condiciones <em>in vitro</em>. </p><p><strong>Palabras clave:</strong> diosgenina, micropropagación, ñame silvestre, cultivo de tejidos vegetales, saponinas, fitoquímica.</p><p><strong>Abstract:  </strong>Wild tubers of the genus<em> Dioscorea</em> sold for medicinal use were collected for the purpose of achieving its establishment under <em>in vitro</em> conditions. First we taxonomically identified the species and through phytochemical analysis demonstrated pharmaceutical potential. The material collected was identified as <em>Dioscorea coriacea</em>, <em>D. lehmannii</em>, <em>D. meridensis</em>, <em>D. polygonoides</em> and the edible species <em>D. trifida</em>. Tubers collected from wholesale distributors and from the field were washed, disinfected, sprayed with Gibberellic Acid (GA<sub>3</sub>) and planted in substrate BM-2®, in a greenhouse at 18 ° C during the day and 10 ° C overnight. Whole tubers or sections thereof were stored in sealed bags at room temperature. Subsequently plant material of the species <em>D. coriacea, D. lehmannii, D. </em>meridensis<em> </em>and<em> D. polygonoides</em> was disinfected and healthy buds (<em>D. coriacea</em> / laboratory) were selected for <em>in vitro</em> establishment. Three different culture media were evaluated for establishment; that which presented the best results was the Murashige &amp; Skoog (1962) medium, supplemented with BAP 1 mL / L, GA<sub>3</sub> 1 mL / L and Putrescin 2 mL / L. For the collection and analysis of secondary metabolites, tubers of <em>D. coriacea</em>, <em>D. lehmannii</em> and <em>D. polygonoides</em> were used, using methanol as the extraction solvent. The highest concentration of plant extract, 54%, was found in<em> D. coriacea</em>, a higher value than that of <em>D. polygonoides, </em>which had been reported previously; the presence of saponins was confirmed by thin layer chromatography (TLC). These results will enable more advanced analysis of the present compounds and enhance their mass propagation under <em>in vitro</em> conditions.</p><p><strong>Key words:</strong> diosgenin, micropropagation, wild yam, tissue culture, saponins, phitochemistry.</p><p><strong>Recibido: </strong>agosto 20 de 2014<strong>      Aprobado: </strong>abril 20 de 2015</p>

scholarly journals Cytotoxic and antioxidant potentials of ellagic acid derivatives from Conocarpus lancifolius (Combretaceae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 1037-1080
Author(s):  
Malik Saadullah ◽  
Muhammad Asif ◽  
Abdul Sattar ◽  
Kanwal Rehman ◽  
Shahid Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ellagic Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Human Colon ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Human Colon Cancer ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Ellagic Acid Derivatives ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Purpose: Isolation, characterisation and structure elucidation of compounds obtained from Conocarpus lancifolius and screening of their pharmacological effects in vitro.Methods: After collection, authentication and extraction from whole C. lancifolius plants, screening for secondary metabolites, thin-layer  chromatography and subsequent open column chromatography were performed for phytochemical analysis and subsequent purification of the compounds. The chemical structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated using spectroscopic (UV-visible, infrared and mass) spectroscopy, and nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR, 13C-NMR including BB, DEPT-135, 90 and two-dimensional correlation techniques, including HMBC and HSQC). The cytotoxic and antioxidant potentials of extracts and compounds obtained from C. lancifolius were evaluated using in vitro models.Results: Two ellagic acid derivatives, 2,3,8-tri-o-methylellagic acid (A) and 3-O-methylellagic acid 4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (B), were isolated. Both compounds (A and B) were cytotoxic in a variety of cancer cell lines, including murine lymphocytic leukaemia (P-388, half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) =3.60 and 2.40 μg/mL, respectively), human colon cancer (Col-2, IC50 = 0.76 and 0.92 μg/mL, respectively) and human breast cancer (MCF-7, IC50 = 0.65 and 0.54 μg/mL, respectively). Moreover, both compounds showed significant antioxidant potential in vitro.Conclusion: C. lancifolius extract and isolated ellagic acid derivatives (compounds A and B) possess cytotoxic and antioxidant properties. These findings suggest that C. lancifolius contains bioactive compounds that can be potentially developed as natural cytotoxic and antioxidant compounds. Keywords: Conocarpus lancifolius, Ellagic acid, Combretaceae, Cytotoxic activity, Antioxidant

scholarly journals Efficacy of application of Equisetum pyramidale Goldm. hydrogel for tissue restoration of induced skin lesions in Wistar rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Carmignan ◽  
R. Matias ◽  
C. A. Carollo ◽  
D. M. Dourado ◽  
M. H. Fermiano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Cutaneous Wounds ◽  
Tissue Restoration ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Flavonoid Patterns

Abstract Medicinal plants, such as E. pyramidale, are alternatives against infections and assist in the healing process of wounds. We evaluated the effects of Hydrogel of E. pyramidale on the healing of cutaneous wounds in animal models by morphological, morphometric and histological analyses, and elucidated major components. The ethanolic extract of E. pyramidale shoots was submitted to phytochemical analysis. For cicatrizing activity assay, Wistar rats were used, and the groups evaluated were hydrogel containing ethanolic extract of E. pyramidale at 2% compared to control groups. The treatment periods were 3, 7 and 21 days, and macroscopic and microscopic analyses were performed. Data were submitted to Analysis of Variance (p <0.05). Phytochemistry and quantification evidenced that flavonoids are main constituents and that they were evidenced by thin layer chromatography (TLC), high efficiency (HPLC) and infrared (IR) methods. In TLC, using flavonoid patterns, we observed pinocembrin. The hydrogel containing ethanolic extract of E. pyramidale at 2% was effective in wound regression. E. pyramidale can be used for the treatment of second intention wounds, and the effective healing may be due to a high flavonoid content.

scholarly journals Thin Layer Chromatographic Analysis of Food Colorants from Three Morphotypes of Annatto (Bixa orellana L.)

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-12
Author(s):  
Hari Pada Seal ◽  
Mohammad Amdad Ali ◽  
Md Usuf Ali ◽  
Mosammat Hasina Akhter ◽  
Fowzia Sultana
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Chromatographic Analysis ◽  
Mixed Solvent ◽  
Solvent System ◽  
Bixa Orellana ◽  
Solvent Extraction Method ◽  
Solvent Systems ◽  
Carrier Solvent ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatographic Analysis ◽  
Layer Chromatography

This article describes a simple solvent extraction method for the extraction of colorants from the three morphotypes such as, (Morphotype-1 (M1), Morphotype-2 (M2), and Morphotype- 3 (M3) of Annatto (Bixa orellana L.) seeds, and their separation, vivid, and qualitative demonstration by thin-layer chromatography. Several solvent systems (hexane, chloroform, acetone, ethanol, and a mixed-solvent having composition of CHCl3/C2H5OH/CH3COOH (80:2:1)) were applied for extraction of colored components. It was observed that a large portion of colorants was extracted by chloroform. Its effluent was deep brick red in color and transparent. Furthermore, various carrier solvent systems (Benzene-Ethyl acetate) were used to separate the components from the extracts. Carrier solvent system with the ratio of 7:3 was found as superior solvent for chloroform extracts. Three colored-spots were observed for all morphotypes. Among them, the first one was yellow colored having very low polarity and the second and third spots were both redbrick colored having medium and higher polarity respectively. In addition, for M1 no colorless-spot was observed in low and medium polar systems, revealing that the amount of wax and gum were minimum in the extract and superior morphotype among the three. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ijarit.v2i1.13987 Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. & Tech. 2 (1): 7-12, June, 2012

scholarly journals PHARMACOGNOSTIC STANDARDIZATION, PRELIMINARY PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND TLC FINGERPRINTING OF THE BARK OF CASCABELA THEVETIA L.

2019 ◽  
pp. 125-130
Author(s):  
Neelutpal Gogoi ◽  
Biman Bhuyan ◽  
Trinayan Deka
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Cork Cell ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Objectives: In this study, systematic pharmacognostic study and preliminary phytochemical screening of the bark of Cascabela thevetia L. were carried out. Methods: The selected plant part was collected, processed and stored in an airtight container. From the bark different pharmacognostic studies like macroscopic and microscopic evaluation, physicochemical parameters, fluorescence analysis were done. Powdered bark was successively extracted by petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and methanol using a Soxhlet apparatus and finally macerated with the hydro-alcoholic solvent system (30:70). The preliminary phytochemical analysis and thin layer chromatography of the extracts were done to find the nature and number of the different phytoconstituents present. Results: Transverse microscopy reveals the presence of crystal oxalate, cork cell, starch granules, vascular bundle, phloem fiber, parenchyma cells, and collenchyma cells. Powder microscopy also showed the presence of cork cell, fiber and calcium oxalate crystal. Results obtained in different physicochemical analysis like total ash, acid insoluble ash, water soluble ash, alcohol-soluble extractive, water-soluble extractive, and moisture content were 8.67%, 0.83%, 5.33%, 4.53%, 12.27%, and 7.83% respectively. Phytochemical analysis showed the presence of alkaloid, flavonoid, triterpenoid, phytosterol, tannin, saponin, anthraquinone, carbohydrate and fatty acid in the different extracts. TLC (Thin Layer Chromatography) study revealed 4 spots in petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and methanol extracts and 3 spots in the Hydro-alcoholic extract with different solvent systems. Conclusion: The results obtained from the study will provide a reliable basis for identification, purity, and quality of the plant.

scholarly journals Study of Isolation, Characterisation and Antimicrobial Activity of High Value Bioactive Compounds from Methanolic Extract of Leaves of Tilkor (Momordica Monadelpha)

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 3145-3152
Author(s):  
Panshu Pratik ◽  
Prem Mohan Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Soxhlet Extraction ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Spectroscopic Techniques ◽  
Compound A ◽  
Tropical Conditions ◽  
Isolated Compound ◽  
Layer Chromatography

In this paper an attempt has been made to highlight the physicochemical study of methnolic extract of leaves of Tilkor carried out by soxhlet extraction process, phytochemical analysis of the extract, separations, isolation of bioactive components through Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) as well as column chromatography respectively and characterisation of isolated compound by the means of several spectral analysis such as 1H NMR, 13C NMR, IR, U.V. Mass spectroscopy. The methanolic extract of leaves of the plant (in tropical conditions of Mithilanchal, Bihar, India) reveal the presence of phytochemicals like alkaloids, flavanoids, tannins, saponins, cardiac glycosides, steroids, terpenoids etc. The secondary metaboilities showed antimicrobial activity. The two isolated compounds were characterised by spectroscopic techniques which revealed the structure of compound A as - stigmosterol and compound B as tritriaconatane and is also found to have antimicrobial activity.

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