scholarly journals A REVIEW: A CONCEPT OF AUTOPHAGY WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO PAACHANA THERAPY

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 2140-2143
Author(s):  
Vaidya Anita Choudhary ◽  
Nikita Sharma ◽  
Nisha Aggarwal ◽  
Sadaf Khan
Keyword(s):  
Special Reference ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Sedentary Lifestyle ◽  
Physiological Process ◽  
The Body ◽  
Normal Functioning ◽  
Western Countries

Nowadays, our sedentary lifestyle is causing many metabolic diseases, and everyone is trying to understand the importance of Langhana (fasting) therapy today for its prevention. In another way, not only India but also western countries recognize the importance of fasting in different ways. Ayurveda has already been mentioned in a detailed description and its advantages comprehensively. Autophagy is a normal physiological process in the body that deals with the destruction of cells by maintaining homeostasis or normal functioning by protein or Fat degradation. Similarly, Langhana (10 subtypes of fasting) therapy includes the digestion of metabolic toxins, removes the blockage of the channels, thereby aids in minimizing the diseases. This article it's been focused on the concept of Autophagy and its correlation with Pachana therapy which is a subtype of Langhana therapy inAyurveda. Keywords: Langhana, Pachana, Autophagy.

scholarly journals CRITICAL REVIEW ON THE CONCEPT OF JATARAGNI

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 3102-3107
Author(s):  
Akshatha K ◽  
Nagaraj S ◽  
Ravi K.V ◽  
Arun Kumar M
Keyword(s):  
Critical Review ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Physiological Process ◽  
The Body ◽  
Normal Functioning ◽  
Anatomical Structures ◽  
Abnormal State ◽  
The Status ◽  
Proper Functions ◽  
The Individual

Proper functions of Agni (fire) in the body signify good health of the individual while an abnormal state leads to manifestations of diseases. The word Jatara means Udara (abdomen) and the Agni located in Jatara is Jataragni (digestive fire) and its Pramana (quantity) differs in each organism. There are various anatomical structures relat- ed to Jataragni that contribute towards its normal functioning. The physiological process of digestion and metab- olism including biophysical and biochemical changes in the ingested food is carried out by the influence of Jata- ragni. It also influences the status of Dosha, Dhatu and Mala in the body. The objective of this study is to know the anatomical and physiological aspects of Jataragni to understand the pathological states in the body. Keywords: Agni; Jataragni; Koshtanga; Grahani.

February 9 — Dentist Day in Russia

2020 ◽  
pp. 78-81
Author(s):  
Oksana Rybachok
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Spiritual Development ◽  
The Body ◽  
Mechanical Processing ◽  
Normal Functioning ◽  
Digestion Process ◽  
Quality Of Food

«Man is what he eats,» these words belong to the great Pythagoras. He meant by these words the connection of the origin of consumed food with the spiritual development of man. In fact, a lot depends on the nature of nutrition, the quality of food and, of course, on the degree of its perception by the body. Digestion process begins not in the stomach, but directly in the oral cavity as a result of mechanical processing of products with teeth and under the influence of the secretion of the salivary glands. That is why healthy teeth are the key to the normal functioning of the whole organism — people should start taking care of their teeth from the early childhood and dentists, who are far from being beloved by everybody and are often carelessly evaded, are called upon to help keep the teeth healthy.

Roux-en-Y Gastrointestinal Bypass Promotes Activation of TGR5 and Peptide YY

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 1262-1267
Author(s):  
Haojun Yang ◽  
Hanyang Liu ◽  
YuWen Jiao ◽  
Jun Qian
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Peptide Yy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
L Cells ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Gastrointestinal Bypass ◽  
G Protein Coupled

Background: G protein-coupled bile acid receptor (TGR5) is involved in a number of metabolic diseases. The aim of this study was to identify the role of TGR5 after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (GBP). Methods: Wild type and TGR5 knockout mice (tgr5-/-) were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) to establish the obesity model. GBP was performed. The changes in body weight and food intake were measured. The levels of TGR5 and peptide YY (PYY) were evaluated by RT-PCR, Western blot, and ELISA. Moreover, the L-cells were separated from wild type and tgr5-/- mice. The levels of PYY in L-cells were evaluated by ELISA. Results: The body weights were significantly decreased after GBP in wild type mice (p<0.05), but not tgr5-/- mice (p>0.05). Food intake was reduced after GBP in wild type mice, but also not significantly affected in tgr5-/- mice (p>0.05). The levels of PYY were significantly increased after GBP compared with the sham group (p<0.05); however, in tgr5-/- mice the expression of PYY was not significantly affected (p>0.05). After INT-777 stimulation in L-cells obtained from murine intestines, the levels of PYY were significantly increased in L-cells tgr5+/+ (p<0.05). Conclusion: Our study suggests that GBP up-regulated the expression of TGR5 in murine intestines, and increased the levels of PYY, which further reduced food intake and decreased the body weight.

scholarly journals Exploring mobility in Italian Neolithic and Copper Age communities

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Flavio De Angelis ◽  
Maura Pellegrini ◽  
Cristina Martínez-Labarga ◽  
Laura Anzivino ◽  
Gabriele Scorrano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Sedentary Lifestyle ◽  
Human Mobility ◽  
The Body ◽  
Copper Age ◽  
Mobility Pattern ◽  
Oxygen And Carbon Isotope ◽  
Northern Areas

AbstractAs a means for investigating human mobility during late the Neolithic to the Copper Age in central and southern Italy, this study presents a novel dataset of enamel oxygen and carbon isotope values (δ18Oca and δ13Cca) from the carbonate fraction of biogenic apatite for one hundred and twenty-six individual teeth coming from two Neolithic and eight Copper Age communities. The measured δ18Oca values suggest a significant role of local sources in the water inputs to the body water, whereas δ13Cca values indicate food resources, principally based on C3 plants. Both δ13Cca and δ18Oca ranges vary substantially when samples are broken down into local populations. Statistically defined thresholds, accounting for intra-site variability, allow the identification of only a few outliers in the eight Copper Age communities, suggesting that sedentary lifestyle rather than extensive mobility characterized the investigated populations. This seems to be also typical of the two studied Neolithic communities. Overall, this research shows that the investigated periods in peninsular Italy differed in mobility pattern from the following Bronze Age communities from more northern areas.

scholarly journals Role of small leucine zipper protein in hepatic gluconeogenesis and metabolic disorder

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minsoo Kang ◽  
Sun Kyoung Han ◽  
Suhyun Kim ◽  
Sungyeon Park ◽  
Yerin Jo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Metabolic Disorder ◽  
Leucine Zipper ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Adenosine Monophosphate ◽  
The Body ◽  
Hepatic Gluconeogenesis ◽  
Leucine Zipper Protein

Abstract Hepatic gluconeogenesis is the central pathway for glucose generation in the body. The imbalance between glucose synthesis and uptake leads to metabolic diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. Small leucine zipper protein (sLZIP) is an isoform of LZIP and it mainly functions as a transcription factor. Although sLZIP is known to regulate the transcription of genes involved in various cellular processes, the role of sLZIP in hepatic glucose metabolism is not known. In this study, we investigated the regulatory role of sLZIP in hepatic gluconeogenesis and its involvement in metabolic disorder. We found that sLZIP expression was elevated during glucose starvation, leading to the promotion of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase and glucose-6-phosphatase expression in hepatocytes. However, sLZIP knockdown suppressed the expression of the gluconeogenic enzymes under low glucose conditions. sLZIP also enhanced glucose production in the human liver cells and mouse primary hepatic cells. Fasting-induced cyclic adenosine monophosphate impeded sLZIP degradation. Results of glucose and pyruvate tolerance tests showed that sLZIP transgenic mice exhibited abnormal blood glucose metabolism. These findings suggest that sLZIP is a novel regulator of gluconeogenic enzyme expression and plays a role in blood glucose homeostasis during starvation.

Immunometabolism of obesity and diabetes: microbiota link compartmentalized immunity in the gut to metabolic tissue inflammation

2015 ◽  
Vol 129 (12) ◽  
pp. 1083-1096 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph B. McPhee ◽  
Jonathan D. Schertzer
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Disease ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
The Body ◽  
Tissue Inflammation ◽  
Gut Barrier Function ◽  
Inflammatory Status ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes

The bacteria that inhabit us have emerged as factors linking immunity and metabolism. Changes in our microbiota can modify obesity and the immune underpinnings of metabolic diseases such as Type 2 diabetes. Obesity coincides with a low-level systemic inflammation, which also manifests within metabolic tissues such as adipose tissue and liver. This metabolic inflammation can promote insulin resistance and dysglycaemia. However, the obesity and metabolic disease-related immune responses that are compartmentalized in the intestinal environment do not necessarily parallel the inflammatory status of metabolic tissues that control blood glucose. In fact, a permissive immune environment in the gut can exacerbate metabolic tissue inflammation. Unravelling these discordant immune responses in different parts of the body and establishing a connection between nutrients, immunity and the microbiota in the gut is a complex challenge. Recent evidence positions the relationship between host gut barrier function, intestinal T cell responses and specific microbes at the crossroads of obesity and inflammation in metabolic disease. A key problem to be addressed is understanding how metabolite, immune or bacterial signals from the gut are relayed and transferred into systemic or metabolic tissue inflammation that can impair insulin action preceding Type 2 diabetes.

A STUDY ON SROTODUSHTI WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO ASSESSMENT OF SROTOSHTI LAKSHANA IN ARTAVAVAHA SROTAS THROUGH CLINICAL, BIOCHEMICAL AND RADIOLOGICAL FINDINGS’- SURVEY STUDY

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 2339-2346
Author(s):  
Shivakumari Shivakumari ◽  
Vasudev A Chate ◽  
Shreevastha Shreevastha
Keyword(s):  
Special Reference ◽  
Transport System ◽  
Normal State ◽  
The Body ◽  
Radiological Examination ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Radiological Findings ◽  
Anatomical Structures ◽  
Conceptual Study

The concept of Srotas and Srotodushti Lakshana has been very scientifically explained in the various context of Ayurveda literature. Detailed Srotas and Srotodushti Lakshana are according to Charaka Samhita Vimansthana assessment of Srotodushti Lakshana can be done by Pratyksha Pramana and in detail explanation. The Srotas play an important role in physiology and the pathogenesis of diseases in normal state; they regulate the physiolo- gy of the body and maintain the anatomical structures of dhatus. The influences of aetiology factors on Srotas can affect pathological manifestations. Considering this fact present study explores various aspects related to the Sro- tas, Srotodushti and Srotodushti Lakshana. Objectives-To assessment of Srotodushti Lakshana in Artavavaha Srotas through Clinical, biochemical, and radiological examination in Artavavaha Srotas. Methodology -The study was conducted under two headings, conceptual and survey study. Conceptual study all the concerned litera- ture were referred and analysed and for survey study, the Artvavaha Sroto Vikara observed and survey through face-face interview. -Hence it is concluded that the knowledge of Srotas is not only used in learning about the anatomy of the transport system of the body but also to understand their physiology and pathology. It can be as- sessed through clinical, biochemical, and radiological findings. Keywords: Srotas, Srotodushti Lakshana, Artavavaha Srotas,

Koro Syndrome in an Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Patient

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S496-S496 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Silva ◽  
C. Raposo-Lima ◽  
C. Soares ◽  
J.J. Cerqueira ◽  
P. Morgado
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
The Body ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Optimal Care ◽  
Related Disorder ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Western Countries ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Psychiatric Department

IntroductionKoro syndrome is a culturally related disorder characterized by intense anxiety that the penis (vulva or nipples in females) is shrinking or retracting and will recede into the body. Usually it occurs in epidemics in Southeastern Asia, being extremely rare in western countries. The condition is more common in males and is classified within Obsessive Compulsive and Related Disorders.Case reportA 27-year-old single man was referred to the psychiatric department. By the age of 23, he began worrying that his penis was shrinking and retracting into the abdomen. He described these thoughts as intrusive, ridiculous and repetitive. During the first months the thoughts were not very disturbing but he progressively developed an urge to verify the length of his penis several times a day. To diminish the anxiety provoked by the obsessive doubts on penis length, he started to have repetitive thoughts and mental images about sexual acts, to consume pornography compulsively and to increase his masturbatory behaviors (from some times a week to several times a day). He described those thoughts and behaviors as unpleasant and uniquely driven to reduce anxiety provoked by obsessions.He was prescribed fluvoxamine 200 mg/day and initiated cognitive behavioral therapy with good response. Y-BOCS score decreased from 30 at initial evaluation to 18 after 3 months of treatment.ConclusionsKoro syndrome is a very rare condition in psychiatry in western countries, usually presenting secondarily to other psychiatric disorders. Awareness of this diagnosis and knowledge on its management are critical to provide optimal care to patients.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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