scholarly journals A Realist Interpretation of Chika Unigwe's On Black Sisters' Street

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-40
Author(s):  
Laura Haruna-Banke ◽  
Iorwuese Gogo
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Lower Class ◽  
Civil Society Organizations ◽  
Social Realism ◽  
Research Subject ◽  
The Social ◽  
Realist Interpretation ◽  
The Government

This paper is a realist interpretation of Chika Unigwe’s On Black Sisters’ Street. The text is considered for study here because it dwells on the popular, the modern and social issues that define realist works. The paper involves realism of subject-matter and social realism as its theoretical tools for the evaluation of the research subject. Realism of subject-matter deals with themes that are common to society while social realism looks at the poor social conditions of the middle and lower classes. The paper is a qualitative research and it is based on a content analysis of the select text for study. The paper probes the ugly life of four young girls in Nigeria who are trafficked into Antwerp, Belgium, to work as prostitutes and earn income for their traffickers. The girls suffer from sexual abuse and deceit from their parents and older men. They undergo hardship as a result of lack of proper parental care, unemployment, insecurity and poor social services which make them frustrated. All of these make their lives vulnerable. Therefore, the study concludes that, well placed individuals, parents, civil society organizations and the government should make efforts to improve and secure the lives of vulnerable young women in Nigeria in order to help them escape from their vulnerabilities. Also, the novel’s authentic representation of life and society and its focus on character more than plot, including its attention to the lower class, the social and the contemporary issues fits it into the realist agenda. 

Udział kobiet w działalności prawotwórczej Senatu II Rzeczypospolitej

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paweł Fiktus
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Second Republic ◽  
National Minorities ◽  
Participation Of Women ◽  
The Government ◽  
Political Groups

At the end of World War I, in many European countries women won the active and passive right to vote. Poland was one of the first countries, where women were allowed to participate in political life. Already at the time of establishing the Legislative Sejm (1919) the first women-MPs took their seats in Parliament. Similarly, the situation presented itself in the case of the Senate. During its first session (1922) women participated in the works of the upper chamber. The purpose of this paper is to present the participation of women in the legislative work of the Senate in various terms of office. The participation of women in the legislative work of Parliament was characterized by their involvement in issues concerning education or social services, while avoiding participation in the legislative work or that dealing with political matters. The situation presented itself differently as regards women’s involvement in the work of the Senate. A good example here was the activity of Dorota Kałuszyńska, who – during the work on the so called April Constitution of 1935 – not only participated in it very actively, but also ruthlessly attacked the then ruling camp. Another very interesting episode related to activities of women in the Senate was an informal covenant during the work on the bill to limit the sale, administration and consumption of alcoholic beverages. Belonging to different political groups: the said D. Kłuszyńska as a representative of the Polish Socialist Party, Helena Kisielewska from the Bloc of National Minorities and Hanna Hubicka of BBWR [the Nonpartisan Bloc for Cooperation with the Government] unanimously criticized the regulations in force, which – in their opinion – did not fulfill their role when it came to anti-alcohol protection. The participation of women as far as their number was concerned was indeed small, but the Senate (like Parliament) of the Second Republic functioned in the period when women had just begun their activity on the legislative forum. Undoubtedly, it was a very interesting period, in which women had the benefit in the form of gaining their parliamentary experience. For example, it gave rise to subsequent activities of Dorota Kłuszyńska, who actively participated in the legislative works of the Sejm in the years 1947–1952, dealing with social issues or family.

scholarly journals Social commissioning in the sphere of social services provision

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 ◽  
pp. 113-117
Author(s):  
M.O. Buk
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Social Care ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Public Procurement ◽  
The State ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Law ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
State Regional

This article is dedicated to the analysis of the essential hallmarks of social services procurement. The attention is focused on the absence of the unity of the scientists’ thoughts as for the definition of the term “social procurement”. It has been determined that in the foreign scientific literature the scientists to denote the term “social procurement” use the notions “social contracting”, “social order” and “social commissioning”, and they use these notions with slightly different meanings. Therefore, the notion “social procurement” is defined as: 1) activity of a country; 2) form of the state support; 3) complex of measures; 4) legal mechanism. The article has grounded the expediency of the definition of social procurement in the legal relations of social care as a special legal way to influence the behavior of the parties of the social care legal relations. The publication advocates the idea that social procurement is one of the conditions for the rise of the state and private sectors partnership. The state-private partnership in the legal relations regarding the provision of social services is proposed to be defined as cooperation between Ukraine, AR of Crimea, territorial communities represented by the competent state bodies, self-government bodies (authorized bodies in the sphere of social services provision) and legal entities, but for the state and municipal enterprises and establishments, and organizations (providers of social services) regarding the provision of social services, which is carried out on the basis of an agreement and under the procedure set by the Law of Ukraine “On Social Services” and other legal acts that regulate the social care legal relations. The article substantiates the thesis that the subject of the social procurement is social services and resolution of social issues of the state/regional/local levels in the aspect of the satisfaction of the needs of people/families for social services (state/regional/local programs of social services). It has been determined that the main forms of realization of the social procurement in the social care legal relations are public procurements of social services and financing of the state/regional/local programs of social services. The public procurement of social services is carried out under the procedure set by the Law of Ukraine “On  Public Procurement” taking into account the special features determined by the Law of Ukraine “On Social Services”. The social procurement in the form of financing of the state/regional/local programs of social services is decided upon the results of the tender announced by a client according to the plan for realization of the corresponding target program.

scholarly journals СОЦІАЛЬНІ ПРОЕКТИ В СИСТЕМІ СОЦІАЛЬНОГО ЗАХИСТУ НАСЕЛЕННЯ

2019 ◽  
Vol 127 (5) ◽  
pp. 73-80
Author(s):  
Марина Іванівна Тімофєєва
Keyword(s):  
Social Protection ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Information Platform ◽  
Business Goals ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Project ◽  
The Government

The paper discusses the issues of social projects development to meet the citizens’ needs or to resolve certain social problems by changing the social situation. The reason for designing social projects is responding to the challenges with conflicting, multi-vector development trends or those to be adequately addressed. Social projects demonstrate their specifics. In this context, the principal expert in their assessment is not the government or the project contractor but the society. In modern realia, it is critical to build a strong social state which can not be achieved through the government’s policies alone, however the combined efforts and close cooperation between the community and the state contributes to the desired effect. evidence revealed that such partnerships have gained great significance, although it is argued that there is a need to clearly demarcate the roles of each of the parties. An appropriate information platform was created in Ukraine that optimizes the process of selecting the best projects and accessing the results after their testing. Social projects have a large variety of forms, dimensions, sources of funding and terms of execution. The issue of project feasibility remains paramount. The key criteria to evaluate the social project implementation expediency are the following: harmonization of project proposals, business goals and the overall government strategic development plan; identifying the significance of the project results for the government; specification of the social project capability to adapt for most regions of the country; social project effectiveness. Social projects have become an essential element within the social protection framework, since modern society have no more expectations as to the government assistance, but ultimately seek to search for their own tools to resolve social issues through developing social projects and programs, attracting investment, etc.

scholarly journals DAKAR SUMMER SCHOOL AND STRATEGIES FOR SUPPORTING PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES IN THE LIBYAN SOCIETY (AN EXP. IN THE SOCIAL INTEGRATION OF CHILDREN)

2021 ◽  
Vol 03 (03) ◽  
pp. 299-303
Author(s):  
Hassan Mohammed ABUOKATYYIF
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Summer School ◽  
Community Integration ◽  
Civil Society Organizations ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Education And Health ◽  
The Social ◽  
War And Conflict ◽  
The Government

Many are strategies to ensure disability in areas of education and health and access to place and information, but in this experience, we are in the role of civil society organizations in providing possible services in the community integration of an important chip, especially the time of crises and wars (The subject of this experience). We aimed to prepare a model for an inclusive and supportive summer club for children with disabilities with ordinary children from 7 to 14 years old, taking into account the awareness and understanding of ordinary students or children and accept them for their counterparts, unity, mobility and others. We have divided the club into many programs, paragraphs and science and put them through video, participation and entertainment as well as many supporting psychosocial and participation and entertainment as well as many supporting mental and social programs and contracted a specialized organization that took it upon itself to study the behaviors and submit reports with the club's specialists. the topics of the club have covered an interactive and entertainment study as well as the science of Quran and development and life skills such as drawing and coloring – young media, theater and crochet – computer principles as well as weekly and monthly encouraging competitions which made us believe that we have been in the theme of cleaving and integration, and this is evident in the clear harmony through competitions, dances, songs, and the fear and tightness and intensity we have noticed at the beginning of the club, which made us seek to mainstream and develop the idea and recommend to the government, private sector and civil society and urged them to conduct efforts for effective participation and ensure persons with disabilities, especially children to remove them from the situation of war and conflict and support their psychological and social balance..

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF THE FINANCIAL PROVISION OF SOCIAL PROTECTION ОF PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES IN UKRAINE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergiy Kandiba ◽  
Natalia Safonik
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Social Trust ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Civil Society Organizations ◽  
Gender Mainstreaming ◽  
Insurance Fund ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
The Social

The article analyses the main sources of financial provision for the social protection of persons with disabilities in Ukraine, including their own resources, budget resources at all levels and resources of enterprises of all forms of ownership; social trust funds, funds of charitable and social organizations and other sources. It is justified that socially oriented objects of expenditure are growing and account for a significant share in the structure of expenditure of the state budget. An analysis of the expenditure of local budgets on the social protection of persons with disabilities showed that expenditure in this area has been increasing since 2015, owing to the reform of decentralization. An evaluation of the activities of civil society organizations of persons with disabilities showed a decrease in the number of persons with disabilities who are employed and in the proportion of expenditures allocated to the social needs of persons with disabilities. Measures to improve the social protection and welfare of persons with disabilities in Ukraine are also financed from social welfare funds. Analysis of the provision of medical and social services by the Social Insurance Fund of Ukraine shows an increase in the number of persons with disabilities as a result of an industrial accident and an increase in the cost of medical and social services. It has been established that financial provision for the social protection of persons with disabilities from charitable organizations is provided in most cases in the form of targeted charitable assistance. The structure of the recipients of charitable assistance by category showed that the proportion of people with special needs among the recipients of charitable assistance was about 10 per cent. On the basis of the study, a number of problems affecting the well-being of persons with disabilities have been identified. Priorities have been set for the development of financial provision for the social protection of persons with disabilities. These include improving the targeting of social assistance, development of locally funded social protection programs, enhancing the social and labour integration of persons with disabilities, gender mainstreaming in the financial provision of social protection for persons with disabilities.

scholarly journals The Pragmatics of Political Claims and Social Responses amidst Covid-19 and EndSARS Saga in Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 102-118
Author(s):  
Chioma Onwubiko
Keyword(s):  
Social Issues ◽  
The Political ◽  
Theoretic Approach ◽  
Ruling Class ◽  
Undue Influence ◽  
Political Class ◽  
Social Responses ◽  
Online Newspapers ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Government

There have been few stand-alone linguistic studies on the Covid-19 virus and the 2020 EndSARS protests in Nigeria. The present study intersects these two critical events with particular focus on the political claims made by the ruling class and the corresponding social responses in line with the contextual affordances shared by the participants. Searle’s speech act theoretic approach is adopted to analyse the pragmatic intentions of the illocutionary acts which political claims perform while Juvenalian satire is used to discuss the satirical elements embedded in the social responses in a bid to ridicule leadership follies and abuses. Three popular Nigerian online Newspapers and few comments from Facebook are selected for this study. Their selection is based on their coverage of these events, coverage of these political claims and popular readership evidenced in the social responses. In all, a total of 6 political claims and 25 social responses relevant to this study are analysed. The study revealed that the pragmatic relevance of these claims is embedded in its political functions of wielding undue influence over the populace, making promises driven by rhetoric and short of initiative and calculated reticence in response to social issues. Consequently, the social responses highlight and criticise leadership vices and the weak efforts of the government in dispensing its leadership interventions. It also fulfils communicative purposes of the contextual space, promote solidarity among the people while prompting change in the political class and the society at large.

scholarly journals The Role and Importance of Social Marketing in the Economy

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anara Kamalova
Keyword(s):  
Social Marketing ◽  
Political Party ◽  
Social Problems ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Public Figure ◽  
Positive Image ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Government ◽  
A Company

Today one of the most important problems of the Kyrgyz economy is the involvement of business to the social issues of society and social marketing. The main goal of social marketing is to raise the company's image, because it can promote a brand by solving social problems. Also compliance with the principles of social marketing in activity provides the conditions for the creation of a positive image of a company, political party or a public figure. Despite the fact that global social marketing is growing rapidly, unfortunately, in Kyrgyzstan, it has not yet received adequate development and only some businesses take responsibility for the performance of these functions and occasionally solve social issues. Analyzing the social marketing technologies in Kyrgyzstan, it should be noted that, their use is very unpopular. This is due to the lack of effective support from the government. In our opinion, it is necessary to provide tax breaks for companies that address social issues as well as provide moral and legal support to these enterprises.

scholarly journals Construction of Reality in Pakistani English Newspapers: A Semiotic Analysis Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 26-35
Author(s):  
Awais Rubbani ◽  
Robina Sarwar ◽  
Rabia Ghaffar
Keyword(s):  
Social Issues ◽  
Semiotic Analysis ◽  
Analysis Study ◽  
Logical Connection ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Government

Representation of social issues of the society through cartoons is of great importance in Pakistan. The newspapers’ cartoonists represent social issues according to their own objectives. They construct satire on these social issues by using images and captions. It is significant to investigate how the newspapers’ cartoonists frame reader’s opinion about social issues of the society through linguistic choices. The current study was conducted to examine social satire in cartoons in Pakistani English newspapers. The objectives of the current research were to identify the recurring social themes in cartoons, to investigate the semiotic devices used in cartoons and to find out the logical connection developed between linguistic and semiotic devices in cartoons for the reflection of social issues in Pakistani English newspapers. The present research was qualitative in nature. The data were collected from the cartoons published in Pakistani English newspapers i.e. Daily Times (Pakistan), Dawn and The Nation. Barthes’ (1974) model of semiological analysis was used for interpretation of social satire in cartoons in Pakistani English newspapers. After analysis, it was found that the newspaper’s cartoonists used specific linguistic devices like exaggeration, symbolism, labeling, caption, irony and analogy for construction of social satire in cartoons. They also exposed the social issues like corruption, inflation, explanation, terrorism, poor democracy, wrong policies of the government, thana culture, energy crises, meat adulteration and child brutality. There were also logical connections between linguistic and semiotic devices in cartoons to enhance the reader’s understanding of social satire.

scholarly journals Migration and Development Organizations: The Diversification of Civil Society in Spain

Two Homelands ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan Lacomba ◽  
Mourad Aboussi
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
International Development ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Third Sector ◽  
Civil Society Organizations ◽  
Development Cooperation ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Migration And Development ◽  
The Way

The conjunction between the last few decades’ public policy changes and the impact of the growth of immigration in Spain has had a transformative effect on the third sector. The government trend toward outsourcing the management of international development cooperation programs and social services has shifted much of the state’s responsibility onto the shoulders of civil society organizations. The context has subjected them to tensions and changes in the way they take action and the way they are organized. This article, based on two research projects, explores the adaptations and new forms of relationships among the main actors involved in the field of migration and development.

scholarly journals Conflict over Women’s Working Times on the Eve of Industrialisation: Spanish Social Reformers’ Surveys at the End of the Nineteenth Century

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Cristina Borderías
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
State Intervention ◽  
Social Reforms ◽  
Social Instability ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Government ◽  
Empirical Sociology ◽  
Social Reformers

During the last two decades of the nineteenth century, Spain experienced growing social instability. The worsening working conditions stimulated social conflict and the rise of the labour movement. In this context, the first voices in favour of state intervention in conflicts between capital and labour arose among the reformist intellectual elite. One of the first social policy measures undertaken by the state was the creation, in 1883, of the Comisión de Reformas Sociales (Commission for Social Reforms, CRS) as a consultative and advisory institution of the government on social issues. Under the influence of positivist methods of empirical sociology, the commission’s first initiative was to conduct a survey with the objective of undertaking a detailed diagnosis of the living conditions of the working population. Changing gender relations in the family and labour market, especially the conflicts over the use of women’s time, was one of the central questions in this survey. Thus, its results allow us to analyse both the discourses – by social reformers and other social groups – and the social practices of women at work in different sectors and in different parts of Spain.

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