scholarly journals Flowers for cancer treatment: From beauty to duty

TAYACAJA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 193-202
Author(s):  
Jorge L. Gutierrez-Pajares ◽  
Amr Abdelkhalek
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Anticancer Drugs ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Drugs ◽  
Target Cancer

Cancer is a worldwide disease that affects millions of people every year. Although there are several approved chemotherapeutic drugs for cancer treatment, there is s constant search for new molecules. This search is supported by the need of new molecules that could target cancer cells specifically reducing side effects or that could act synergistically with approved anticancer drugs. In this review, research on flower extracts and flower-derived molecules is presented.

CARBON NANOHORN AS NANOCONTAINER FOR CISPLATIN: INSIGHTS ON THE INTERACTION WITH PLASMA MEMBRANES OF NORMAL AND BREAST CANCER CELLS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Ribeiro Almeida ◽  
Helio F. Dos Santos ◽  
Priscila V. S. Z. Capriles
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Breast Cancer Cells ◽  
Plasma Membranes ◽  
Breast Cancer Treatment ◽  
Therapeutic Alternatives

Cisplatin (cddp)-based chemotherapy is one of the most effective therapeutic alternatives for breast cancer treatment, the most common form of cancer, despite the severe side effects related to the high...

Modulating the cellular uptake of platinum drugs with glycopolymers

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 1031-1036 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aydan Dag ◽  
Manuela Callari ◽  
Hongxu Lu ◽  
Martina H. Stenzel
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Anticancer Drugs ◽  
Cellular Uptake ◽  
Platinum Drugs ◽  
Target Cancer

The therapeutic potency of platinum-based anticancer drugs can be substantially improved through the use of fructose-coated nanocarrier systems to target cancer cells efficiently.

Development of Self-Assembled Biomimetic Boc-Protected Peptide-Polymer Based Nanovehicles for Targeted Delivery to Tumor Cells

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 33-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra M. Brown ◽  
Yoliem S. Miranda-Alarćon ◽  
Grant A. Knoll ◽  
Steven M. Romanelli ◽  
Ipsita A. Banerjee
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
Breast Cancer Cells ◽  
Dermal Fibroblasts ◽  
Burst Release ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Drugs ◽  
New Family

Although effective, chemotherapeutic drugs often cause undesired side-effects. Thus, encapsulating chemotherapeutic drugs into nanoscale drug delivery vehicles (DDVs) has the potential to reduce side effects and promote targeted delivery. By mimicking ABA like block-co-polymer systems, we have developed a new amphiphilic biomimetic co-polymer Boc-Ile-PEG-Ile-Boc which was found to readily self-assemble into nanomicelles within hydrophilic shell structures. To facilitate targeting tumor cells, the nanoassemblies were bound to folate, leading to the formation of core shell like structures (IBP-F). Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), were then embedded followed by functionalization with a second layer of folate. The final DDV system abbreviated (IBP-F-Au-F) formed a multi-layered nanostructure that was capable of efficiently encapsulating the anti-tumor drug tamoxifen. For comparison, we also examined the efficacy of the IBP-F assemblies as DDVs in the absence of AuNPs and a second folate layer. Release profiles showed an initial burst release, followed by sustained release. The DDVs were found to be biocompatible. Upon encapsulating the DDVs with tamoxifen, cell proliferation was inhibited over a period of 72 hours for both DDVs, while non-cancerous dermal fibroblasts continued to proliferate, thus indicating specific targeting ability of the DDVs. Confocal microscopy studies conducted in the presence of human breast cancer cells, MDA-MDB 231 revealed that the drug loaded assemblies were successfully internalized within the cells. SPR analysis demonstrate that IBP-F-Au-F had a higher affinity for breast cancer cells over non-cancerous keratinocyte cells. Thus, we have developed a new family of DDVs that selectively targets tumor cells.

MiRNAs: A New Approach to Predict and Overcome Resistance to Anticancer Drugs

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-77
Author(s):  
Noor Altaleb
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Anticancer Drugs ◽  
Cancer Chemotherapy ◽  
Mirna Expression ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Tumour Suppressor ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Cancer Data ◽  
Fundamental Units

Although there are no 100% successful methods for treating cancer, chemotherapy is still one of the most commonly used approaches in its management. One of the most significant problems in cancer treatment is the resistance of cancer cells to chemotherapeutic agents. This review aims to unveil the factors contributing to this problem originally beginning with fundamental units like biomarkers and microRNAs. As more studies and researches carried out, various levels of miRNA expression were found among normal and cancer cells. Overexpression of oncomir and downregulation of tumour-suppressor miRNAs can lead to the emergence of cancer. Data collected from studying these miRNAs can help in the diagnosis, prognosis and developing therapies, which will assist in overcoming the emerged resistance.

Changes in Lung Cancer Cell Line Affected by Cytotoxicity of Lagenaria Siceraria Plant Extract

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 1282-1284
Author(s):  
Moein Shaneh
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Cancer Cell Line ◽  
Lung Cancer Cell Line ◽  
Lagenaria Siceraria ◽  
Lung Cancer Cell

Chemotherapy is a type of cancer treatment in which the lack of selective cytotoxicity often leads to intolerable side effects. Today, the use of medicinal plants is essential in treating cancer due to their fewer side effects. Lagenaria siceraria Standl is critical for cytotoxicity studies due to its polyphenolic, cucurbitacins, pectin, flavonoids, and saponin compounds. In this study, the cytotoxic effects of plant fruit extract were investigated on lung cancer cell lines. To this end, the hydroalcoholic extract of the plant fruit was initially prepared by the percolation method. Then, the effects of solutions containing samples with different concentrations (5000, 500, 1000, 100, 100, 250, 10, 1, 0.1μg.ml-1) were investigated by MTT assay on lung cancer cell line (A549). Cisplatin was considered as a positive control. Statistical calculations were carried out using Prism V.3 software to compare IC50, and the data were analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and t-test. The results indicated that the IC50 level of cisplatin anti-cancer drug, as a common drug in the market, is significantly lower than Lagenaria siceraria extract. However, the extract of this plant revealed a significant growth inhibitory effect on lung cancer cells. The results also showed that Lagenaria siceraria extract is an effective cytotoxic compound on lung cancer cells. More extensive studies are needed to find effective plant extracts compounds to find and design new and effective cancer treatment drugs. Keywords: Lagenaria siceraria, Cell line, Lung cancer, IC50, MTTassay

scholarly journals Selective Killing Natural Products and Drugs in Oral Cancer Treatments

2016 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Hsueh-Wei Chang
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Anticancer Drugs ◽  
Cancer Treatments ◽  
Normal Cells ◽  
Killing Effect ◽  
Anticancer Drug Discovery

Most cancer drugs are effective to kill cancer cells but also harm normal cells. Drugs and natural products with the selective killing effect may be helpful to solve this problem. The side effects of many anticancer drugs are partly derived from its damage to both cancer and normal cells without selection. This problem raises the need of anticancer drug discovery with the selective killing effect.

mRNA-based CAR T-cells Manufactured by Miniaturized Two-step Electroporation Produce Selective Cytotoxicity Toward Target Cancer Cells

Lab on a Chip ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vidura Dhananjaya Jayasooriya ◽  
Beth Ringwelski ◽  
Glenn Dorsam ◽  
Dharmakeerthi Nawarathna
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Chimeric Antigen Receptor ◽  
Viral Vector ◽  
Selective Cytotoxicity ◽  
Adverse Side Effects ◽  
Car T Cells ◽  
Car T ◽  
Target Cancer

There is a growing interest for viral vector-free chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells due to its ability to kill cancer cells without adverse side effects. A potential avenue for manufacturing...

scholarly journals The Role of Platelets in the Tumor-Microenvironment and the Drug Resistance of Cancer Cells

Cancers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phung Huong ◽  
Lap Nguyen ◽  
Xuan-Bac Nguyen ◽  
Sang Lee ◽  
Duc-Hiep Bach
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Growth Factors ◽  
Tumor Microenvironment ◽  
Treatment Failure ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Cancer Metastasis ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Drugs ◽  
Activated Platelets

Besides the critical functions in hemostasis, thrombosis and the wounding process, platelets have been increasingly identified as active players in various processes in tumorigenesis, including angiogenesis and metastasis. Once activated, platelets can release bioactive contents such as lipids, microRNAs, and growth factors into the bloodstream, subsequently enhancing the platelet–cancer interaction and stimulating cancer metastasis and angiogenesis. The mechanisms of treatment failure of chemotherapeutic drugs have been investigated to be associated with platelets. Therefore, understanding how platelets contribute to the tumor microenvironment may potentially identify strategies to suppress cancer angiogenesis, metastasis, and drug resistance. Herein, we present a review of recent investigations on the role of platelets in the tumor-microenvironment including angiogenesis, and metastasis, as well as targeting platelets for cancer treatment, especially in drug resistance.

scholarly journals Monofunctional Platinum(II) Anticancer Agents

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 133
Author(s):  
Suxing Jin ◽  
Yan Guo ◽  
Zijian Guo ◽  
Xiaoyong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
General Formula ◽  
Anticancer Drugs ◽  
Anticancer Agents ◽  
Platinum Drugs ◽  
Cellular Distribution ◽  
Platinum Anticancer Drugs ◽  
Tumor Selectivity

Platinum-based anticancer drugs represented by cisplatin play important roles in the treatment of various solid tumors. However, their applications are largely compromised by drug resistance and side effects. Much effort has been made to circumvent the drug resistance and general toxicity of these drugs. Among multifarious designs, monofunctional platinum(II) complexes with a general formula of [Pt(3A)Cl]+ (A: Ammonia or amine) stand out as a class of “non-traditional” anticancer agents hopeful to overcome the defects of current platinum drugs. This review aims to summarize the development of monofunctional platinum(II) complexes in recent years. They are classified into four categories: fluorescent complexes, photoactive complexes, targeted complexes, and miscellaneous complexes. The intention behind the designs is either to visualize the cellular distribution, or to reduce the side effects, or to improve the tumor selectivity, or inhibit the cancer cells through non-DNA targets. The information provided by this review may inspire researchers to conceive more innovative complexes with potent efficacy to shake off the drawbacks of platinum anticancer drugs.

scholarly journals VKNG-1 Antagonizes ABCG2-Mediated Multidrug Resistance via p-AKT and Bcl-2 Pathway in Colon Cancer: In Vitro and In Vivo Study

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 4675
Author(s):  
Silpa Narayanan ◽  
Ying-Fang Fan ◽  
Nehaben A. Gujarati ◽  
Qiu-Xu Teng ◽  
Jing-Quan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Anticancer Drugs ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Mouse Tumor ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Drugs ◽  
Cancer Knowledge ◽  
Colon Cancers

The emergence of multidrug resistance (MDR) to chemotherapeutic drugs is a major problem in the therapy of cancer. Knowledge of the mechanisms of drug resistance in cancer is necessary for developing efficacious therapies. ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters are transmembrane proteins that efflux chemotherapeutic drugs from cancer cells, thereby producing MDR. Our research efforts have led to the discovery of VKNG-1, a compound that selectively inhibits the ABCG2 transporter and reverses resistanctabe to standard anticancer drugs both in vitro and in vivo. VKNG-1, at 6 µM, selectively inhibited ABCG2 transporter and sensitized ABCG2-overexpressing drug-resistant cancer cells to the ABCG2 substrate anticancer drugs mitoxantrone, SN-38, and doxorubicin in ABCG2-overexpressing colon cancers. VKNG- 1 reverses ABCG2-mediated MDR by blocking ABCG2 efflux activity and downregulating ABCG2 expression at the mRNA and protein levels. Moreover, VKNG-1 inhibits the level of phosphorylated protein kinase B (PKB/p-AKT), and B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) protein which may overcome resistance to anticancer drugs. However, the in vitro translocation of ABCG2 protein did not occur in the presence of 6 µM of VKNG-1. In addition, VKNG-1 enhanced the anticancer efficacy of irinotecan in ABCG2- overexpressing mouse tumor xenografts. Overall, our results suggest that VKNG-1 may, in combination with certain anticancer drugs, represent a treatment to overcome ABCG2-mediated MDR colon cancers.

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