scholarly journals Heavy Metal and Fluoride Removal from Synthetic Water Treated with Dhava (Anogeissus Latifolia Wall.) Bark Ash

AYUSHDHARA ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 3426-3431
Author(s):  
Pooja Singh ◽  
Ramesh Chandra Tiwari ◽  
Rakesh Bhutiani ◽  
Ved Bhushana Sharma ◽  
Mahesh Chandra
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Fluoride Removal ◽  
Human Welfare ◽  
Synthetic Water

Being a universal solvent, water is a major source of contamination. According to the World Summit of Sustainable Development, the major reason for lack of safe water is either scarcity of water or contamination of water sources. The quality of water is vital concern for the man kind as it is directly linked with human welfare. Aim and Objective: To evaluate the Jala Shodhana properties of Dhava (Anogeissus latifolia Wall.) stem bark ash. Material and method: Authentification and collection of Dhava bark was done from renowned source. Dhava bark was calcinated in Muffle furnace and used for the further study. The filter was prepared by using sand, gravel and Dhava bark ash. Synthetic water sample prepared by adding Arsenic trioxide, lead acetate, Calcium fluoride and Mercury-II Sulfate. This synthetic water was analyzed by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry, to know the percent removal of Heavy metals and fluoride after the treatment by Dhava bark ash filtering apparatus. Result- The Dhava stem bark (filtering apparatus) shows significant result in removal of mercury (99.8%), lead (99.9%), Arsenic (34.18%) and Fluoride (57.05%) from water. Discussion: The present study was undertaken to assess the efficiency and pollution reduction potential of sand intermittent filtration technology in term of heavy metal. Filtration can be compared to a sieve or micro-strainer that traps suspended material between grains of filter media In this present research work efforts have been made to develop a low cost and low maintenance model of Bio-sand intermittent filtration for treatment of Dushita Jala. (BIO= Stem bark of Anogessious latifolia). Conclusion: This study proves the statement of Acharya Sushruta about Jala shodhana properties of Dhava described in Kalpa sthana Tritiya Adhyaya. Therefore our study will leads to the development of Bio-sand filter which is cost-effective without chemical operation and environmental friendly technology for water and waste water treatment.

Heavy Metal Removal by Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches (OPEFB) Biosorbent

2014 ◽  
Vol 625 ◽  
pp. 889-892 ◽  
Author(s):  
Safoura Daneshfozoun ◽  
Bawadi Abdullah ◽  
Mohd Azmuddin Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Ph Dependence ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Adsorption Efficiency ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches ◽  
Initial Ph

This study developed an effective and economical physical pretreatment of OPEFB to be used as biosorbent for the removal of heavy metal ions such as Cu+2, Zn+2and Pb2+. The effects of fibres sizes, metal ions concentration (100-1000 ppm), initial pH (4-10) and contact time (20-150 min) were investigated in batch system. Samples were characterized with Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Fourier Transmission Infra-red Spectroscopy (FTIR). Results showed pH-dependence adsorption efficiency and increased adsorption with initial metal concentrations where more than 92% adsorption efficiency achieved. We have successfully developed an eco-friendly, low cost adsorbent without any chemical modification or excessive energy disposal.

An Overview of Fruit Waste as Sustainable Adsorbent for Heavy Metal Removal

2013 ◽  
Vol 389 ◽  
pp. 29-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norzila Othman ◽  
S. Mohd-Asharuddin ◽  
M.F.H. Azizul-Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Good Efficiency ◽  
Recovery Method ◽  
High Metal Content ◽  
Fruit Waste

Biosorption is an environmental friendly method for metal removal as it can be used as a cost effective and efficient technique for heavy metal removal. A lot of biomass can be choosed as biosorbent such as waste material from food processing and agriculture.ent. This paper will review the potential used of local fruit rind as biosorbent for heavy metal removal in wastewater. Heavy metals have been in various industries and resulted to a toxic condition in aquatic ecosystem. Therefore, various techniques have been employed for the treatment of metal-bearing industrial wastewaters including biological treatment through biosorption. Biosorption offers the advantages of low cost, good efficiency and production of sludge with high metal content is possible to avoid by the existence of metal recovery method from metal loaded biosorbent. The successful application of local fruit waste in treating wastewater containing heavy metals requires a deeper understanding of how biosorbent material proceeds.

scholarly journals Biosorption of Chromium (VI) and Calculations of Langmuir’s and Freundlichs Isotherms

2018 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-95
Author(s):  
Muhammad Tahir Butt ◽  
Zara Amjad ◽  
Rauf Ahmad Khan
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Toxic Metals ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Environmental Applications ◽  
Chromium Vi ◽  
Yeast Biomass ◽  
Process Cost

In the present study yeast biomass has been successfully used as biosorbent for removal of Crfrom aqueous solution. Yeasts of Saccharomyces cerevisiae are effective biosorbents for heavy metal ionsand it can be bought in large quantity at low cost. S. cerevisiae can remove toxic metals from aqueoussolutions to various levels. This low-cost biosorbent will make the process cost-effective and competitiveparticularly for environmental applications in detoxifying effluents. Langmuir’s and Freundlichs isothermswere also plotted to observe the maximum biosorption of heavy metal chromium (VI).

scholarly journals EX-VIVO: ANTHELMINTIC EVALUATION OF BOMBAX CEIBA STEM EXTRACTS

2020 ◽  
pp. 431-436
Author(s):  
Sukhbir Lal Khokra ◽  
Sonia Gogat ◽  
Rakesh Narang ◽  
Manish Devgun
Keyword(s):  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Anthelmintic Activity ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
And Control

Bombax ceiba plant belongs to bombacaceae family and is commonly known as Semal (Hindi) and Cotton tree (English). It has numerous effects like stimulant, astringent, haemostatic, diuretics, antidiarrhoeal, emeticand antipyretic. Major pharmacological activities reported in this plant are hypoglycemic, antianxiety, antibacterial, antiviral and anti-inflammatory. Numerous side effects and increased resistance to anthelmintic drugs prompted us to discover cost effective safe formulation of conventional medicinal plants. In the present study, research work is focused to evaluate the possible anthelmintic effects of Bombax ceiba. To investigate anthelmintic potential of Bombax ceiba plant, different extracts from dried powder stem bark were tested on adult Indian earthworms (Pheretima posthuma) having physiological & anatomical resemblance with human intestinal roundworm parasites. The drugs were divided in 14 groups consisting of test, standard and control. Each group was consisting of six Indian earthworms of approximately same size. Albendazole was used as standard drug while tween80 in normal saline (1:1) was used as control. The result data reveals that all extracts have significant anthelmintic activity as compared to Albendazole taken as standard drug. The methanolic extract at dose of 50 mg/ml concentration showed paralysis time 30±0.96 minutes and death 33.66±0.71 minutes, which is equivalent to standard drug values at dose of 20 mg/ml. Ethylacetate extract at dose of 50 mg/ml showed paralysis at 28.66±0.71 minutes and death at 34.16±1.10 minutes, which proves that it is even better than standard drug in terms of paralysis time and equipotent in terms of time taken for causing death. Thus among the extracts, ethylacetate and methanolic extracts showed maximum activity with least time taken for paralysis and death of earthworms and were found equally potent as Albendazole at a dose of 50 mg/ml. Thus, Bombax ceiba traditional use in helminitic infestation was proved scientifically. On comparing phytochemical evaluation with anthelmintic activity it is assumed that glycosides may be responsible for this activity. A further investigation may lead development of novel anthelmintic drug or formulation with anthelmintic activity.

The Benefit and Importance of Mobile Satellite Signal in Northern Nigeria: GPS Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 02 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Abba ◽  
◽  
Salisu Muhammad ◽  
Lawan Bashir D. Bala ◽  
Emmanuel Joseph ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Open Space ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Signal Propagation ◽  
Space Environment ◽  
Gps Receiver ◽  
Satellite Signal ◽  
Mobile Satellite ◽  
Set Up

Lack of equipment to study mobile satellites signal propagation in colleges and universities prone this research work. A Handheld GPS receiver used as a tool for training college students to learn mobile satellite signal propagation using Global Positioning System (GPS) approach. These refer to the experimental setup of the equipment that is the connection done between the GPS receiver with a computer. The satellite propagation data received from the GPS machine can be recorded continuously with an updates rate of 2 seconds. The experiment was carried out in an open space environment at predetermine locations using simple setup, where a cheap, readily and available portable GPS receiver were connected to the computer to acquire propagation data. The computer was equipped with a self-developed package graphical user interface (GUI) monitoring the propagation information from the GPS satellites and saving the data. The developed system can be set up anywhere at any location. The sate-up will serve as a database for satellites view and analysis of mobile satellite data orbiting the sky of Northern part of Nigeria. Cost effective referring to a low-cost and readily available GPS receiver that can be easily set-up as compared to equipment designed specifically for an experimental purpose that is normally very expensive.

Development and validation of a low-cost mobile robotics testbed

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Johnson ◽  
Martin Hayes
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Mobile Robotics ◽  
Vision System ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Video Tracking ◽  
Research And Education ◽  
Development And Validation

AbstractThis paper considers the design, construction and validation of a low-cost experimental robotic testbed, which allows for the localisation and tracking of multiple robotic agents in real time. The testbed system is suitable for research and education in a range of different mobile robotic applications, for validating theoretical as well as practical research work in the field of digital control, mobile robotics, graphical programming and video tracking systems. It provides a reconfigurable floor space for mobile robotic agents to operate within, while tracking the position of multiple agents in real-time using the overhead vision system. The overall system provides a highly cost-effective solution to the topical problem of providing students with practical robotics experience within severe budget constraints. Several problems encountered in the design and development of the mobile robotic testbed and associated tracking system, such as radial lens distortion and the selection of robot identifier templates are clearly addressed. The testbed performance is quantified and several experiments involving LEGO Mindstorm NXT and Merlin System MiaBot robots are discussed.

scholarly journals Appraisal on low cost and sustainable ECC using microfibers in hybridization at later age

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4B) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maninder Singh ◽  
◽  
Babita Saini ◽  
H.D. Chalak ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
Supplementary Cementitious Materials ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Industry Waste ◽  
Flexural Response ◽  
Pva Fiber ◽  
Durability Performance

The addition of supplementary cementitious materials and fiber plays an important role in the mechanical and durability performance of ECC matrix. In the present research work, the assessment of the performance of ECC matrix with the utilization of iron industry waste and microfibers has been done. Three types of microfibers, i.e., polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fiber, polyester (PET) fiber, and microsteel (MSE) fiber, were used at various percentages in hybridization to prepare total seven mixes. First, PVA was switched by PET fiber at dosages 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%,and 25% and afterwards another 25% by MSE fiber. The performance of various matrix proportions was judged based on the flexural response, electrical resistivity, air permeability, and sorptivity characteristics to introduce sustainable and cost effective ECC matrix. Test results revealed that hybridization of fibers enhanced the flexural and durability performance of ECC and also produced a cost effective and sustainable ECC matrix.

Environment Based Design Approach to Integrating Enterprise Applications

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suo Tan ◽  
Yong Zeng ◽  
Bo Chen ◽  
Hamzeh K. Bani Milhim ◽  
Andrea Schiffauerova
Keyword(s):  
Business Processes ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Semantic Integration ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Business Strategies ◽  
Enterprise Applications ◽  
Legacy Applications

Enterprises tend to depend on various legacy applications in supporting their business strategies and in achieving their goals. In order for an enterprise to be efficient and cost-effective, their legacy applications should be seamlessly integrated within and beyond the enterprise. Some research work in enterprise applications integrations (EAI) analyzed the problem, while others proposed solution models for the syntactic and semantic integration of business processes. In this paper, the EAI is considered as a design problem and is analyzed from design point of view. Environment based design (EBD) methodology is applied to handle the integration problem by analyzing and clarifying the design requirements to generate appropriate solutions. A framework is proposed for EAI problems based on the EBD approach. A case study is also provided to show how the approach can be applied within a company to generate satisfactory EAI solutions with low cost, high efficiency, and enhanced scalability.

Development of new low cost defluoridation technology (krass)

1999 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kailash C. Agarwal ◽  
Sunil K. Gupta ◽  
Akhilendra B. Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Fluoride Concentration ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Fluoride Removal ◽  
Treated Water ◽  
The World ◽  
Safe Limit ◽  
Considerable Work

Systemic fluorosis is an endemic problem in several developing countries. In India 15 states are endemic for fluorosis, of which 5 have indicated hyperendemicity for fluorosis in all districts. WHO standards permit only 1 mg/l as a safe limit for human consumption. People in several districts of Rajasthan are forced to consume water with fluoride concentrations of up to 44 mg/l which has resulted in permanent deformities, joint pains, general debility and misery. About 60% of fluoride intake is through water. Considerable work on fluoride removal from water has been done all over the world. However a safe, efficient, free from residual aluminium in treated water, and cost effective defluoridation technique/process is not available and needs to be developed in order to prevent the occurrence of fluorosis. This paper describes the development of a defluoridation process which differs from the known processes in its simplicity, cost effectiveness and results in traces of residual aluminium in treated water. The parameters like fluoride concentration, temperature, pH, alkalinity, humidity and total dissolved solids of input water do not affect this process.

Enterprise Applications Integration Using Environment Based Design (EBD)

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suo Tan ◽  
Hamzeh K. Bani Milhim ◽  
Bo Chen ◽  
Andrea Schiffauerova ◽  
Yong Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Business Processes ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Semantic Integration ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Business Strategies ◽  
Enterprise Applications ◽  
Applications Integration ◽  
Legacy Applications

Organizations tend to depend on their various legacy applications in supporting their business strategies and in achieving goals. The existing legacy applications are often from different vendors. In order for an enterprise to be efficient and cost-effective, their legacy applications should be seamlessly integrated within and beyond the enterprise. Some research work in Enterprise Applications Integration (EAI) technologies analyzed the problem from the technical point of view while others proposed models for business processes integration such as syntactic and semantic integration. In this paper the EAI is considered as a design problem and is analyzed from design point of view. Environment Based Design (EBD) methodology is applied to handle the integration problem by analyzing and clarifying the design requirements to generate appropriate solutions. A case study is provided to show how the EBD can be applied within a company to generate satisfactory EAI solutions with low cost, efficiency and scalability enhancement.

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