scholarly journals FORMAÇÃO MILITAR:

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (67) ◽  
pp. 161-174
Author(s):  
Alessandra Veríssimo Lima Santos ◽  
Marta Maria Telles

Este artigo pretende trazer à reflexão a importância da abordagem da Inteligência Cultural na formação dos militares das Forças Armadas brasileiras, diante do mundo moderno e em constante evolução, em que os efeitos da globalização expõem cada vez mais as pessoas ao contato e ao relacionamento com culturas distintas, estando essa comunicação sujeita a impactos positivos ou negativos. Assim, para interagir de maneira eficiente com indivíduos de culturas distintas, são requeridos aprendizado e treinamento. Diante dessa conjuntura, a Inteligência Cultural reveste-se de grande importância em todos os escalões envolvidos, uma vez que introduz a ideia de flexibilidade cultural, dentro da perspectiva defendida por Thomas e Inkson (2006), que concebem o desenvolvimento de habilidades que capacitem um indivíduo a lidar com realidades diversas. Como resultado da importância do exercício de tais habilidades, vem crescendo o treinamento de competências multiculturais nas academias militares. Portanto, recorre-se aos estudos sobre o currículo para refletir sobre o que se espera, hoje, da formação dos militares, entendendo a Inteligência Cultural não como uma disciplina a ser incluída nos currículos de formação, mas como um referencial para o desenvolvimento das habilidades interculturais.   This article intends to bring to reflection the importance of the approach of cultural intelligence in the Brazilian Armed Forces military formation due to modern and ever-evolving world where the effects of globalization increasingly expose people to contact and relationships with distinct cultures, and this communication is subject to positive or negative impacts. Thus, in order to interact efficiently with individuals from different cultures, learning and training are required. Given this situation, cultural intelligence is of great importance in all the involved levels, since it introduces the idea of cultural flexibility, within the perspective defended by Thomas and Inkson (2006), that conceive the development of skills which enable an individual to deal with diverse realities. As a result of the importance of the exercise of such abilities, the training of multicultural competences in the military academies has grown. Therefore, curriculum studies are used to reflect on what is expected today from the training of the military, understanding cultural intelligence not as a discipline to be included in training curricula, but as a reference for the development of intercultural skills.   Este artículo pretende traer a la reflexión la importancia del abordaje de la Inteligencia Cultural en la formación de los militares de las Fuerzas Armadas brasileñas, frente al mundo moderno y en constante evolución, donde los efectos de la globalización exponen cada vez más a las personas al contacto y a la relación con culturas distintas, estando esta comunicación sujeta a impactos positivos o negativos. Así, para interactuar de manera eficiente con individuos de culturas distintas, se requiere aprendizaje y entrenamiento. Ante esta coyuntura, la Inteligencia Cultural se reviste de una gran importancia en todos los escalones involucrados, ya que introduce la idea de flexibilidad cultural, dentro de la perspectiva defendida por Thomas e Inkson (2006), que conciben el desarrollo de habilidades que capaciten a un individuo a lidiar con realidades diversas. Como resultado de la importancia del ejercicio de tales habilidades, viene creciendo el entrenamiento de aptitudes multiculturales en los gimnasios militares. Por lo tanto, se recurre a los estudios sobre el currículo para reflexionar sobre lo que se espera, hoy, de la formación de los militares, entendiendo la Inteligencia Cultural no como una disciplina a ser incluida en los currículos de formación, sino como un referencial para el desarrollo de las habilidades interculturales.    

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-219
Author(s):  
Brânduşa-Oana Niculescu ◽  
Georgeta Obilişteanu ◽  
Isabela Anda Dragomir

Abstract The new requirements regarding the professionalization of the Romanian armed forces derived from our country’s becoming a NATO and EU member state. The challenges of the 21st century battlefield demand the development not only of certain soldierly skills, but also of the abilities to properly function in a multicultural context. The cadets of the military academies are the future officers that will operate in the international theatres of operations. Being engaged in multinational formations and having to work side by side with foreign military personnel, our cadets need to have a good command of the English language, as well as to acquire and develop the intercultural skills necessary to appropriately function in a multicultural environment. Thus, a shift in the curricula of the Romanian military academies has been made, from an emphasis on the transmission of knowledge content to a focus on relating language to the target culture and developing cadets’ linguistic and intercultural competences. This paper suggests some methods and techniques that have proven efficient when teaching basic military English in the Land Forces Academy.


Author(s):  
J. Chernykh ◽  
O. Chernykh

Analysis of the foreign experience of the organisation and reformation of the armed forces in other countries, with the respective systems of military education being an integral part, reveals the specific national aspect of such activities in each country. In the meantime, there are some general methodological approaches used in military pedagogic practice across different countries of the world to be practicably considered and applied. The article examines the experience of officers’ training for the armed forces of the Republic of Hungary. The article provides information on the existing network of military educational institutions for the officer training of tactical, operational and strategic level of military command. Requirements for admission to military educational institutions for the officer training of different levels of training has been given. The terms of military specialists’ training on tactical, operational and strategic level have been defined. The analysis of the content of officer training for different armed services of the armed forces and different levels of military administration has been conducted. We used the system of the general scientific methods of theoretical and empirical research, in particular, the theoretical-methodological analysis of the problem and the relevant scholarly resources, systematization and generalization of the scientific information pertaining to the essence and content of the set objectives, monitoring of the existing system of military specialists training in the Armed Forces of the republic of Hungary, scientific generalisation, the general scientific methods of logical and comparative analysis, systems approach, peer review, analysis and interpretation of the obtained theoretical and empirical data. The general structure of the National University of Public Administration, the Faculty of Military Sciences and the training of officers is shown, as well as the main tasks that are solved by the institutes and training centers that are part of it are identified. An analysis of the concept, structure, goals, content and technologies of officers’ training in the armed forces of the Republic of Hungary shows that the military education system reflects the current stage of development of the armed forces, as well as the national cultural specificity of the country. Education and training of officers is carried out on the basis of national cultural and military tradition. The main direction of officers’ training is their fundamental military and professional training in both the military and civilian fields. The content of the officers’ training is based on two military education levels. Each level of military education ends with a certain level of qualification. It is possible to distinguish the general tendencies of development of the higher Hungarian military school: improvement of the quality of applicants’ selection, individualization of training of cadets and trainees, stabilization of their number at the present level; further informatization of the educational process, introduction of multimedia learning tools. Certainly, the positive elements of the experience of the Hungarian army can be used in the training of officers in the Ukrainian Armed Forces under the conditions of gradual transition to the recruitment on a contract basis.


2020 ◽  
pp. 89-95
Author(s):  
Alla V. Safonova ◽  
Natalia Yu. Eletskikh

The article considers the domestic historical and pedagogical experience of military-political work in higher military-vocational education in the 20-30s. of the XX century: content, forms, methods, means; the historical and pedagogical significance and relevance of ideas for the current stage of the development of military-political work in the Armed Forces of Russia and the reform of higher military education are determined. An analysis of relevant scientific publications and archival sources presented for the first time suggests that the current trend in the development of military-vocational education is correlated with domestic historical and pedagogical experience of the early twentieth century, in the socio-pedagogical interaction of higher military educational institutions with state structures, public organizations for the implementation of military-political work in one of the directions of the state policy of the Soviet state “Cultural links of the city with the village” in the interests of socializing students and strengthening the country’s defense.


Author(s):  
Pesach Malovany ◽  
Amatzia Baram ◽  
Kevin M. Woods ◽  
Ronna Englesberg

This chapter deals with the Training system of the Iraqi armed forces. It describes the Training Division of the General Staff, its missions and responsibilities and its development, especially during the Iran-Iraq war, the Iraqi Military Doctrine and training methods, and the staff directorates subordinated to it. It also describes the basic training of the officers in the military colleges as well as the advanced training of officers in the colleges of the Al-Bakr University for high military studies. The chapter deals also with the training methods of the Iraqi Army during the Iran-Iraq war and the lessons-learning process that had been developed during the wars. It deals also with the Iraqi aid to Arab armies during the years.


Author(s):  
Józef GACEK ◽  
Bronisław MARCINIAK ◽  
Ryszard WOŹNIAK

Under the "Authorisations of the Minister of National Defence" (latest - No. 57/MON dated 22 December 2014), a Permanent Expert Team operates at the Institute of Armament Technology of the Faculty of Mechatronics and Aerospace of the Military University of Technology (Warsaw, Poland), performing test shootings for the purpose of verifying the fulfilment of technical requirements to be met by garrison shooting ranges and their locations. During almost 20 years of its activity, the Team has conducted research studies under more than 325 civil law contracts concluded with operators of shooting ranges, numerous expert analyses and prepared specialist opinions for courts and prosecutor's offices, and participated in the creation of normative acts and documents, concerning - among others - provision of safety of the operated field training facilities, mainly garrison and training ground shooting ranges. The results of the Team's work have been used, among others, by the Ministry of National Defence (with the active participation of the Team) to prepare regulations of the Minister of National Defence concerning the technical conditions to be met by garrison shooting ranges and their locations. The first of these regulations was issued on 4 October 2001 (Polish Journal of Laws of 2001, no. 132, item 1479), and its latest revision on 15 December 2017 (Polish Journal of Laws of 2018, item 113). The paper presents selected results of studies of the Permanent Expert Team related to, among others, ensuring the safety of users of garrison and training ground shooting ranges, which form a part of the field training facilities of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Poland, the Police, the Border Guard, the Customs Service, security companies, hunting and sports organisations. Of particular value are the conclusions and propositions of the Expert Team related to, for example: improvement of quality of the law created in Poland, concerning in particular training facilities; ensuring safety at shooting ranges during training with firearms of various types and calibres, utilising various types of ammunition; expert supervision over construction, acceptance and operation of shooting ranges; principles of safe operation of shooting ranges, ensuring longevity of the facilities, etc.


Author(s):  
VINKO VEGIČ ◽  
STOJAN ZABUKOVEC

Sodobne vojaške organizacije izobraževanje častnikov nenehno prilagajajo novim zahtevam. V prispevku so najprej na kratko prikazani sedanji izzivi, s katerimi se pri izobraževanju častnikov srečujejo v večini zahodnih držav. V drugem delu je predstavljen pristop k izobraževanju in usposabljanju v Natu, predvsem z vidika značilnosti, ki so aktualne tudi za razmislek o izobraževanju v Slovenski vojski. V zadnjem delu pa prikažemo značilnosti, temeljne težave in izzive izobraževanja častnikov v Slovenski vojski. Pomanjkljivosti izobraževanja se kažejo predvsem na nadaljevalni ravni. Programe bi bilo treba prilagoditi sodobnim zahtevam vojaške profesije in ob tem tudi izboljšati kakovost njihovega izvajanja. Do zdaj je bila pozornost namenjena predvsem spremembam organizacijske strukture izobraževanja, vprašanja zahtev in ciljev ter kakovosti pa niso bila ustrezno obravnavana. V prihodnje bo treba več pozornosti nameniti prav tem vprašanjem in šele, ko bodo znani jasni odgovori, je smiselna tudi razprava o organizacijskih rešitvah. Contemporary military organizations constantly adjust officer education to new requirements. The article begins with a short depiction of the current challenges in officer education, which appear in most Western states. This is followed by the presentation of NATO’s approach to education and training, from the viewpoint of the characteristics relevant for consideration in the Slovenian Armed Forces. The last part of the article deals with characteristics, basic issues and challenges in officer education in the Slovenian Armed Forces. Shortcomings mostly exist at a higher level of education. Educational programmes need to be aligned with contemporary requirements of the military profession, and the quality of implementation should be improved. So far, attention has mainly been given to changes in the organizational structure of education, while educational requirements, goals and quality issues were not adequately addressed. In the future, more attention should be devoted to the latter issues, and only after reaching clear solutions, the discussion on organizational issues seems reasonable.


Author(s):  
Misran Wahyudi

Military Prosecuting Attorney is one of the main components in enforcing the criminallaw in the military judicature system. Moreover, the Military Prosecuting Attorneys is asa prosecutor in the Indonesian National Armed Forces (TNI). Confidently, it has majorfunction in demanding based on legitimating evidences in military court. Military ProsecutingAttorney can work its duty well, if it has independently in the function as general presector ofIndonesian military court system. Afterwards, the first problem is wheter Military ProsecutingAttorney independently achieve its function in Oditurat Militer III-14 Denpasar by conductedthe plan demans policy as of Military Prosecuting Attorney General Indonesian NationalArmed Forces? Whereas, the second problem is whether the efforts shoud be accomplishedin establishing independent Military Prosecuting Attorney? This research was conducted byempirical legal research methods, and the study was a descriptive analytic research by usingprimary data and secondary data. Based on this research, it can be concluded that; first,Military Prosecuting Attorneys in Oditurat Militer III-14 Denpasar became less independent,it was occured because the implementation of the plan demand policy by Military ProsecutingGeneral Attorney. It can be stated that the demand was only established by upper position andfinally, the judgments are not merely according conscience. Secondly, Military ProsecutingAttorney attempt to independently in military justce system in three aspects such as technicalfield of prosecution, field supervision and control, as well as education and training.


Author(s):  
Pesach Malovany ◽  
Amatzia Baram ◽  
Kevin M. Woods ◽  
Ronna Englesberg

This chapter deals with the manpower and administrative system in the Iraqi Armed Forces. It describes the Administration Division of the General Staff that was responsible for all manpower matters in the Armed Forces, its missions and responsibilities and its development, especially during the Iran-Iraq war. It describes the directorates that were involved in this field—the General Recruitment system, the Scientific and Technical Training of manpower, the Enlisted Men and the Officers systems, the officers organizations, the personal services system, the Military Archives and the General Affairs directorates. It describes also the Medical Services of the Armed Forces, their functioning and training system, the Military Police and women service in the Armed Forces.


Author(s):  
Sebak Kumar Jana ◽  
Asim Kumar Karmakar ◽  
Adwaita Maiti

The debate regarding the relationship between military expenditure and economic growth especially in the context of developing countries is an old one. There is apparent conflict within government budgets between education expenditure and military expenditure. The military budget of the India is that part of budget allocated for the funding of the Indian armed forces. This military budget finances salaries of employees and training costs, maintenance of equipment and facilities, support of new or ongoing operations, development and procurement of new weapons, equipment, vehicles, etc. The chapter explores the relationship among GDP, military expenditure, and education expenditure in India. The time series analysis reveals that there is long-run causality running from education expenditure and military expenditure to GDP. The study also reveals that there is short run causality running from military expenditure to GDP.


2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 1893-1899
Author(s):  
Stoyan Stamatov

Building and maintaining adequate military capabilities and high combat readiness for the Armed Forces, as well as mobilization readiness for timely increase to wartime tables with reserve forces continue to be central to achieving defense and security goals. There is a strong interdependence between combat readiness and the system of manning, equipping, and training the Armed Forces. They all depend on the organizational structure, table of organization and equipment, and the level of training of personnel from active units and those from the Reserve in peace time.Combat Readiness is a certain state of the Armed Forces that determines the degree of training, manning, and equipping the headquarters, staffs, and troops that guarantee their adequate response to crises of a different character. Combat readiness is the real factor that exemplifies Armed Force’s preparedness to respond to every critical situation in a timely manner.The content of levels of combat readiness determines the level of preparedness of the military units to perform their duties at a certain point in time.There are certain states of combat readiness that have been adopted by NATO. Nevertheless, the lowest state of readiness usually represents the current/day-to-day status of military units and is usually called a "permanent" level of combat readiness. The highest level of readiness is supposed to answer the demands of readiness for immediate execution of battle actions, and it is perceived in most armies to be called "full" combat readiness.In order to optimize the overall process of activating military units to a higher level of combat or mobilization readiness, it is necessary to look for this in peacetime. It mainly concerns building a system of control and evaluation of the individual components of combat readiness and mobilization, and identifying measures for their improvement.Military HQs and formations are regularly evaluated to prove their operational capabilities to meet NATO standards in conducting military operations. Therefore the use of CREVAL– Combat Readiness Evaluation programs ensures the necessary operational capabilities and interoperability with allied units in multinational allied operations.Depending on the level of manning, arming, equipping and training military units are classified into different categories in ascending order. The smaller the category is, the higher the operational readiness of the military units is and vice versa, the higher the category is, the longer the mobilization period takes place, and the longer the time to reach operational readiness is. This further requires effective integration and use of the reserve staffs and the reserve forces’ units to enhance the capabilities of regular forces in the wide range of the expected operations described by the NATO policy documents.


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