scholarly journals Excess consumption of Lavana Rasa (Salty taste) – A cause of Amlapitta (Hyperacidity)

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 850-852
Author(s):  
Joshi Mrudula Vinayak ◽  
Shendye Hemangi Vasudeo ◽  
Bhole Nilima ◽  
Joshi Vinayak
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Causative Factor ◽  
Common Salt ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Disease Manifestation ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Predominant Symptom ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
History Of ◽  
Excess Quantity

Amlapitta (Hyperacidity) is one of the ever growing diseases observed in society. Intake of salt in excess can lead into Amlapitta due to its Vidahi and Agneya property. Foods like cheese, chips, sauces, buttermilk, etc. contains variety of salts including common salt. The disease Amlapitta/ Amlika can be interpreted as Hyperacidity; is not separately described in Samhita, but  mentioned as Lakshana (symptom) of Atiyoga (excessive intake) of Lavana Rasa. Hence an observational study was designed. Aim: To examine whether Atiyoga of Lavana Rasa (common salt) can be a Hetu (causative factor) of Amlapitta. Methodology: Study included 100 identified patients of Amlapitta; both males and females from the age group of 20-60 years suffering from Amlodgar (sour blenching) as the predominant symptom. A structured, pilot tested 6 item questionnaire was used to collect data. Statistical Analysis: Descriptive data was analyzed using number and percentage. Results: Maximum patients were from 20-29 years age group; with Kapha-Pittaja Prakruti (77.78 %) and Pitta-Kaphaja Prakruti (68.75%) who used to consume Lavana rasa in variety of type and in excess quantity.   Family history of the disease Amlapitta showed maximum % in female patients as 31.03% whereas only 4.76% males suffered from the disease. Liking towards Lavana, Katu and Amla rasa in population was found to be 36%, 28%, 16% respectively. In causative factors of Amlapitta, Lavana Rasadhikya was noted in 62 patients whereas Vidahi Anna followed by spicy food and oily food was found in 60, 58, 56 number of patients respectively. Conclusion: From the study, it is observed that there is proneness of Amlapitta mostly in age group 20-29 years having liking towards salty, spicy and Katu Rasa. Maximum (58) female patients, with 31.03% who had family history of Amlapitta and 77.78% patients found to have Kapha-Pitta dominent Prakruti which indicate towards importance of  Prakriti and family history of  an individual in disease manifestation. 

scholarly journals Study of profile of polymorphous light eruption at a tertiary referral center

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Amruta A. Kulkarni ◽  
Yoganand J. Phulari
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Tertiary Referral ◽  
Tertiary Referral Center ◽  
Polymorphous Light Eruption ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
History Of

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Polymorphous light eruption (PMLE) is the most common endogenous photodermatosis.But only few studies are available from India regarding this photodermatosis. It is common in women, often worse in spring. The lesions are usually monomorphous in an individual patient but polymorphic in different patients.</span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">The study was conducted between October 2010 and March 2012. 78 patients with clinical diagnosis of PMLE, who attended Dermatology OPD at Dr. D. Y. Patil Hospital and Research Institute, Kolhapur were included in present study. Detailed history, clinical examination and relevant investigations were done. The collected data were tabulated and analyzed</span>.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">The age group of the patients ranged from 3 years to 58 years. Maximum number of patients were seen in the age group of 21-30 years. The female to male ratio was found to be 1.78:1.Onset of PMLE lesions was maximum in the month of March. Majority of patients were housewives. Itching was the most common symptom. In 32.05% of patients, lesions developed within 30 minutes of sun exposure. Family history of PMLE was present in 6 (7.69%) cases. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> <span lang="EN-GB">PMLE was found most commonly in second and third decades of life since</span><span lang="EN-IN"> people in this age group are more exposed to sun,</span><span lang="EN-GB"> more in women probably because of hormonal differences.</span><span lang="EN-IN">The maximum number of cases was noted in the month of March when the sun exposure is high. The maximum cases in housewives, as they have short intermittent sun exposure and absence of hardening phenomenon. Higher incidence was noted with cotton clothing as it has lower UV protection. Most of the patients developed lesions within 30 minutes of sun exposure. History of recurrence of PMLE was noted in 30 patients. Only 6 patients gave family history of PMLE because of milder nature of the disease along with difference in clothing and working environment.</span></p>

CONSANGUINITY AND MATERNAL AGE;

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (04) ◽  
pp. 511-515
Author(s):  
Nayyab Zehra ◽  
Ahmed Hassaan Malik ◽  
Zahabia Khalid ◽  
Misha Sabir ◽  
Simra Tanvir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Spontaneous Abortions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of

Objectives: To determine the frequency of risk factors i.e. consanguinity andmaternal age associated with spontaneous abortions in Pakistan and to propose ways toreduce them. Study design: Cross sectional descriptive study. Place of study: Gynecologydepartment of Military Hospital and Combined Military Hospital, Rawalpindi. Duration ofstudy: 6 months (September 2015 to February 2016). Sampling technique: Non probabilityconvenient sampling. Methodology: 150 married female patients in reproductive age group(15-49 years), who were confirmed cases of pregnancy and presented with abortions, wereinterviewed and responses were filled in a structured questionnaire after written consent.The collected data was then entered and analyzed by SPSS 20.0. Results: The major bulkof spontaneous abortions occurred in the maternal age group of 25-35 years (55.3%). A totalof 53.3% of abortions occurred in the gestational age of less than 12 weeks. Around 54.7% offemales had family history of spontaneous abortions and 65.3% had consanguineous marriage.Conclusion: Spontaneous abortions occur more frequently in the females of 25-35 yearsage group and among the fetuses with gestational age less than 12 weeks (1st trimester ofpregnancy). Family history of spontaneous abortions and consanguinity are associated withspontaneous abortions.

scholarly journals Primary dysmenorrhea: evaluation and treatment pattern among female medical students

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 1873
Author(s):  
Sapna Gupta ◽  
Sharminder Kaur ◽  
Shamiya Sadiq ◽  
Vijay Khajuria
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Family History ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Drug Usage ◽  
College Going ◽  
History Of

Background: Dysmenorrhea is a very common condition in females in fertile age group and its affective and somatic features often limit female mobility which results in loss of work hours. The aim of the study was to evaluate prevalence, severity, drug usage and loss of work days among young female medical students.Methods: The current questionnaire based study was done in Department of pharmacology, GMC Jammu over a period of 3 months. Female students aged between 17-24 years who consented for participation were included. The demographic profile and detailed history of dysmenorrhea was recorded.Results: Out of 342 participants, 218 females (63.7%) had history of dysmenorrhea. Most of the dysmenorrhic females had menarche between 13-14 yrs of age (73.3%) and menstrual cycle of 21-34 days (82.5%), duration of bleeding less than 6 days (91.6%) and had a positive family history of dysmenorrhea (58.7%). Majority of females had mild to moderate features of dysmenorrhea (93.4%). Most common medication was Mefenemic acid alone and in combination (90.5%). Most of the females took self-medication (69.8%) and only 30.2% took medicines on advice of doctor. 71.5% students missed their classes due to symptoms of dysmennorhea.Conclusions: Dysmenorrhea is quite prevalent among college going medical students. Most of them had positive family history. Mefenemic acid and its combination was frequently used to treat symptoms. On an average 1-2days were lost due to dysmenorrhea.

scholarly journals ACUTE RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS (ARIS);

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (02) ◽  
pp. 322-325
Author(s):  
Muhammad Usman Anjum ◽  
Hashim Riaz ◽  
Hafiz Muhammad Tayyab
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
World Health ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Respiratory Illnesses ◽  
Acute Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Predominant Symptom ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Tract Infections

Objective: To determine the epidemiological and clinical profile of patientssuffering from acute respiratory tract infections in our area. Study design: Descriptive study,Setting: Frontier Medical & Dental College, Abbottabad, Pakistan. Period: July to December,2014. Materials and methods: All those children who were less than five years of age andclinically diagnosed with acute respiratory tract infections were included in the study. Whereaschildren who were more than five years of age, or suffering from chronic respiratory illnesses,or having congenital disease of respiratory tract were excluded from the study. Structuredproforma was used to record demographic and clinical data. World health organization’s criteriawere used to categorize the cases of ARIs. Results: A total of 229 patients were included inthe study. There were 109 male patients while 120 female patients with male to female ratioof 1:1.18. Maximum number of patients, 43%, was in the age group of 13-24 months followedby 31% in age group of 1-12 months and 15% in the age group of 25-36 months. The majorityof patients presented with shortness of breath as their main symptom followed by sore throatand cough. About 97% of our patients sought treatment from trained health care professionalwhile only 03% resort to self-medication. Conclusion: Acute respiratory tract infections arean important group of diseases in children of less than five years of age. These infectionsmostly affect children between 1-2 years of age. The predominant symptom is shortness ofbreath followed by sore throat and cough. Therefore, any child presenting with these symptomsshould be carefully evaluated for ARIs and their severity using World Health Organization’scriteria. Early diagnosis and treatment will, in turn, improve prognosis and reduce burden onhealth care facilities.

scholarly journals A Multivariate Multilevel Analysis of the Risk Factors Associated with Anthropometric Indices in Iranian mid-adolescents

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marzieh Alamolhoda ◽  
Seyyed Taghi Heydari ◽  
Seyyed Mohammad Taghi Ayatollahi ◽  
Reza Tabrizi ◽  
Maryam Akbari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Multilevel Analysis ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
History Of ◽  
Three Body ◽  
History Of Obesity

Abstract Background: The present study was conducted to jointly assess some specific factors related to body fat measures using a multivariate multilevel analysis in a representative sample of Iranian mid-adolescents. Methods: This study was conducted among 2538 students (1286 boys) aged 14 - 20 years old, who were randomly selected among 16 public high schools by multi-stage random sampling procedure from all education districts of Shiraz, Iran. Data on demographic characteristics, family history of obesity, physical activity, socio-economic (SES) variables and screen time were collected. Height, weight, triceps (TST), abdominal (AST), and subscapular (SST) skinfold thickness were measured and their body mass index (BMI) was calculated. A multivariate multilevel approach was used to analyze the factors associated with obesity measures of the TST, AST, SST at the child and district levels. Results: In this study, the prevalence of overweight and obesity was estimated to be 10.2 and 5.1%, respectively. Overall, the major portion of the total variance in TST (97.1%), AST (97.7%), and SST (97.5%) was found at the child level. The results of multivariate multilevel method revealed that being girls, having a family history of obesity, and SES were significantly associated with increasing of three body fat measures (all the p-values were less than 0.05). There were significant positive associations between moderate to vigorous physical activities with AST and SST (for AST: β =2.54, SE=1.40, p=0.05; for SST: β =2.24, SE=1.20, p=0.05). Compared to children in 14-16 age group, children in age group 16-18 years had less TST (β =-0.67, SE=0.34, p=0.04). Furthermore, other age groups and screen time did not play an important role in three outcome variables. Conclusions: The results showed some factors that contribute to three body fat measures. Therefore, it is necessary to develop effective interventions to prevent the effects of individual and environmental undesirable factors on childhood obesity in both family and community levels.

scholarly journals GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (01) ◽  
pp. 015-019
Author(s):  
Afsheen Qazi ◽  
Amin Fahim ◽  
Aneela Qureshi3 ◽  
Mazhar ul Haque
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Family History ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
History Of

Objectives: The present study was designed to find the importance of properscreening and early diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus. Study Design: A prospective/descriptive study Place of Study: tertiary care hospital Hyderabad. Duration of Study: fromSeptember 2014 to November 2014. Materials and Methods: A total of 168 pregnant femalesbetween the ages of 20-40 years & in their 24th to 28th week of gestation were enrolled for thestudy. Oral Glucose Tolerance Test of all the participants was done after an overnight fasting of10-12 hours. All the participants were given 75gm of glucose per 100 ml of distilled water. Theblood samples were collected after two hours time for serum glucose levels. Results: Mostof the participants were below 26 years of age 47(27.9%) with the mean age of 30.2±5.83years. However the highest prevalence of GDM was observed in age group 31-35 years (36%).Among the 25 cases of gestational diabetes mellitus the highest number of patients with GDMwere multipara (40%) followed by parity of 3-4 gravida (32%). Twenty seven women (16%)women had family history of diabetes mellitus. Among these 12/27 (44.4%) women were foundwith GDM, compared to 15/141 (10.6%) who have no family history of diabetes mellitus. Total14 (8.33%) women were found obese, out of these 8 (57%) women had GDM while only 6(42.8%) women had no GDM. Conclusion: The prevalence of GDM in the present study isfound to be 14.8%. A prevalence of GDM was higher in the elderly multiparous females whowere overweight and had family history of diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals Demographic profile of patients treated for melasma with glycolic acid and trichloroacetic acid: an institutional experience

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bikkasani U. P. Lakshmi Kishan Rao ◽  
K. Satyanarayana Rao
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
School Level ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Institutional Experience ◽  
History Of ◽  
Epidemiological Pattern ◽  
One Year ◽  
Number Of Individuals

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Melasma is an acquired disorder of hyperpigmentation characterised by forehead, cheeks, around eyelids and chin mostly in the sun-exposed areas of the skin. The etiology for melasma is not clear, various factors like genetic or hormonal influences the cause. The aim was to understand the demographical distribution and epidemiological pattern of pigmentation in melasma patients.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A total of 50 patients were participated in the present study at department of dermatology of Mamata medical college and hospital, Khammam over a period of one year.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The mean age of patients with melasma was 33.84±5.76 years, with the youngest and oldest being 20 and 40 years with female preponderance, with a male to female ratio of 1:9. The maximum number of patients educated up to middle school level (38%) followed by primary school. The maximum number of individuals participated in the present study were housewife’s and out of 50 individuals 92% patients in the present series were married whereas family history of melasma was noted only 16% of the melasma patients.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The present observations demonstrates that the melasma is a female predominant, affecting young adults, etiological observations like sunlight, married, pregnancy, indoor, family history followed by cosmetics plays an important role in the melasma.</p>

scholarly journals Factors Influencing Development of Depressive Illness among Parkinson’s Disease Patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-110
Author(s):  
Provat Kumar Sarkar ◽  
Hasan Zahidur Rahman ◽  
Mahua Chandra ◽  
Anis Ahmed ◽  
Md Enayet Ul Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Family History ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Depressive Illness ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Axis I

Background: Depressive illness is present among Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to see the influencing factors of development of depressive illness among Parkinson’s disease patients. Methodology: This comparative cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Neurology and Department of Psychiatry at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh from July 2009 to June 2011 for a period of two (2) years. Parkinson’s disease patients who were attended at the movement disorder clinic and general OPD of Department of Neurology and in-patient department of Neurology at BSMMU, Dhaka were selected as study population. Patients with Parkinson’s plus syndrome, with dementia or other causes of parkinsonism like vascular or drug induced parkinsonism were excluded from this study. Data were collected by filling structured clinical questionnaire, then filling up of ‘structured clinical interview for DSM-IV Axis I disorders’ (SCID-CV) and self-reported ‘Depression scale` questionnaire. Parkinson disease was diagnosed by neurologist by the presence of two or more of the four cardinal criteria namely tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia and postural instability. Then patients were screened for depression by a psychiatrist of Department of Psychiatry at BSMMU, Dhaka. Result: A total of 100 Parkinson’s disease patients were interviewed and 80 patients ultimately participated in the study. The mean age of total Parkinson’s disease patients was 57.71±12.36 years ranging from 35 to 82 years with highest percentage (35%) had age group 65 years or above, 28.7% in 55 to 64 years, 22.5% in 45 to 54 years and lowest percentage (13.8%) in age group less than 45 years. Among 80 Parkinson’s disease patients, depression was present in 34 (42%) patients and was absent in 46 (58%) patients. Diabetes mellitus (p=0.125), hypertension (p=0.097), hypothyroidism (p=1.000), other illness (p=0.595), family history of PD (p=0.758) and levodopa use (p=0.661) were not significantly associated with the development of depressive illness in Parkinson’s disease. Conclusion: Diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension (HTN), hypothyroidism, other illness, family history of PD and levodopa use do not significantly influence in the development of depressive illness among the Parkinson’s disease. Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, 2019;5(2): 106-110

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