scholarly journals role of instruction in the perception of English high back vowels

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-41
Author(s):  
Raimundo Nonato Sousa Filho ◽  
Rafael Zaccaron ◽  
Rosane Silveira ◽  
Carlla Dall’Igna
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Pronunciation Instruction ◽  
Formal Instruction ◽  
Single Category ◽  
Beginning Learners ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

This article aims to analyze whether formal instruction influences Brazilian speakers' perception of the English high back vowels contrast. There have been a few L2 pieces of research that focused on the instruction of specific vowel contrasts. Previous studies indicate that a single L1 category seems to be a source of difficulty to L2 vowel discrimination. However, some of these investigations did not focus on the role of instruction to such discrimination. The participants of the present study were 17 Brazilian speakers of Portuguese as L1, beginning learners of English, divided into experimental and control groups. The study included a perception pretest, a pronunciation instruction class, taught only to the experimental group, and a perception posttest. Results showed that experimental and control groups obtained similar results. Based on that, some factors were pointed to possibly explain this outcome, such as the duration of the pronunciation instruction, the possibility of participants learning with the pretest itself, the duration of the data collection, the participants' possible assimilation of the target contrast into a single category, and the interference of the mid central vowel /?/ used as a distractor in the data collection. On the other hand, a qualitative analysis revealed that all participants in the experimental group found the pronunciation instruction helpful. Such findings seem to agree entirely or in part with other similar studies' results.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of an Intervention Program for Linguistics Skill Development

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (67) ◽  
pp. 37-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Acácia Aparecida Angeli dos Santos ◽  
Katya Luciane de Oliveira ◽  
Neide de Brito Cunha ◽  
Paula Cristina Camargo Osés
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Sixth Grade ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
School Students ◽  
Formal Instruction ◽  
Post Test ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Spelling Word

Abstract: The importance of language and its formal instruction during the initial school phase has stimulated studies that seek options to implement them successfully. From this perspective, this study aimed to verify the effects of an intervention program on the language skills assessed. The participants were sixth-grade elementary school students evaluated in reading comprehension, spelling, word recognition and metatextual awareness. The intervention program was performed with 103 students, divided into experimental (EG) and control groups (CG). The experimental group attended 10 sessions, which included the use of gradual Cloze technique in texts of various textual genres, which were intended to develop the reading comprehension and the development of metatextual awareness. Analyses indicated the superiority of EG over the CG in the post-test. New studies are needed to permit the generalization of the results.

scholarly journals Assessment of Student Scores Based on Specific Variables in the Web-Assisted English Grammar Exercises

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-219
Author(s):  
Huseyin Uzunboylu
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
English Language ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
English Grammar ◽  
School Learning ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Out Of School ◽  
Learning English

The general purpose of this study is to assess English language grammar post scores of the learners when they have done web supported exercises; the assessment has been done according to gender, attending English courses, out-of-school learning of English language and the use of other sources other than English textbooks. In order to achieve this aim, the research was carried out with a control and experimental group. Experimental and control groups were formed according to the neutrality rule by equalizing certain variables. In the study, "English Grammar Test" ”and “personal data collection tool”, which are valid and reliable, were used as data collection tools. The experimental group followed the English exercise in a web-supported English learning environment. The data were analysed using statistical techniques. At the end of the study, there was a significant difference in favour of women among the subjects in the experimental group, while no significant differences in other factors were observed between the experimental and control groups. As the most important suggestion, mixed or separate learning environments related to and supporting grammar for speaking, writing, listening and reading skills should be developed or explored while learning English or other languages for learners in social media. Keywords: Web-assisted Learning, English Language Learning, Grammar, gender, social media, out-of-school learning.

scholarly journals THE EFFECTIVENESS OF FACEBOOK TOWARDS STUDENT’S WRITING RECOUNT TEXT AND VOCABULARY MASTERY

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-147
Author(s):  
Susilawati Susilawati ◽  
Nurhaedah Gailea ◽  
Masrupi Masrupi
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Research Method ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Random Data ◽  
Writing Skill ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

Abstract This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of facebook towards students’ writing recount text and vocabulary mastery. This paper used a true experimental research. Two classes of eighth grade from SMP Negeri 1 Labuan were selected as the experimental group and control group. Both are consisted 60 students. In the process of experiment, one class has been taught by using facebook, meanwhile the other taught by using conventional media. The research method used the true experimental, technique sampling is random, data collection techniques uses abilities test writing skill and abilities test vocabulary mastery, data analysis is done by statistics MANOVA (Multivariate analysis of variants). The results concluded that: 1) there is a significant effect of facebook towards students’ writing skill and vocabulary mastery multivariate; 2) there is a significant effect of facebook towards students’ writing skill; and 3) there is a significant effect of facebook towards vocabulary mastery. The results of the study imply that there are significant differences between students’ Writing recount text and vocabulary mastery, students group use facebook media with capabilities students’ writing skill and vocabulary mastery group of students who were given conventional learning media. Keywords: facebook, writing recount text, vocabulary mastery

Visual Reinforcement of Head-Turn Responses in Infants Under 12 Months of Age

1977 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 328-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Moore ◽  
Wesley R. Wilson ◽  
Gary Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
The Other ◽  
Auditory Signal ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Head Turn ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Visual Reinforcement ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

The effect of complex visual reinforcement (animated toy animal) on auditory localization responses of infants below 12 months of age was studied. Sixty infants served as subjects and each subject received 30 presentations of complex noise at suprathreshold level. After each response to an auditory signal, one-half of the infants (experimental group) received complex visual reinforcement and the other half (control group) received no reinforcement. The experimental and control groups were further subdivided into three age groups: four months, five and six months, and seven to 11 months. Visual reinforcement produced significantly more responses (head turn) than no reinforcement for the two older age groups. There was no significant difference between the experimental and control conditions at four months of age.

scholarly journals Metacognitive Learning Strategies: Their Effects on the Reading Comprehension Performance of Grade Five Pupils

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 107-117
Author(s):  
Farraniva Acmed-Ismael
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Learning Strategies ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Comprehension Test ◽  
Metacognitive Learning ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

This study aimed at examining the effects of metacognitive learning strategies on the reading comprehension performance of 80 Grade Five pupils in the MSU-Integrated Laboratory School for SY 2011-2012. The researcher used quasi-experimental design, which entailed using two intact, randomly selected groups: one served as the control group and the other as the experimental group. The descriptive-quantitative research was used to describe and analyse the respondents' performance in their reading comprehension test. The data were treated using Statistical Program for Social Sciences (SPSS) with a significance level set at .05. This research work involved four phases: In the first phase, a self-constructed Personal Background Questionnaire and the Strategy Inventory for Language Learning (SILL) by Oxford (1990) were administered both to the experimental and control groups before the strategy instruction. In the second phase, the experimental group received six sessions of instruction on metacognitive strategies. On the other hand, the control group received six sessions of instruction using the traditional method of teaching reading based on the Basal Readers Approach. Both experimental and control groups worked on authentic and inauthentic texts (some articles from the Newspaper and the World of Reading textbook). In the third phase, after completion of instruction, the teacher-made reading comprehension test was administered to both groups to determine the reading comprehension performance of the respondents. In the fourth phase, the SILL was administered to both groups again to determine if the metacognitive strategies instruction has an effect on the reading comprehension performance of the respondents. The data analysis yielded the following findings: First, a slightly greater outcome was manifested in the reading comprehension test of the experimental group compared to the control group. Second, there was no significant difference between the mean scores of the reading comprehension test of the control and experimental groups. Both the experimental and control groups performed well in the authentic section of the reading comprehension test. Lastly, the Strategy Inventory for Language Learning (SILL) by Oxford, 1990 shows a positive effect on the reading comprehension performance of the experimental group. Therefore, the respondents performed better in the part of the reading comprehension test using authentic texts and the experimental group’s metacognitive awareness increased notably after the instruction.

From Container to Claustrum: Projective Identification in Couples

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamara Feldman
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Projective Identification ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Intimate Partners ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
As If

This paper is a contribution to the growing literature on the role of projective identification in understanding couples' dynamics. Projective identification as a defence is well suited to couples, as intimate partners provide an ideal location to deposit unwanted parts of the self. This paper illustrates how projective identification functions differently depending on the psychological health of the couple. It elucidates how healthier couples use projective identification more as a form of communication, whereas disturbed couples are inclined to employ it to invade and control the other, as captured by Meltzer's concept of "intrusive identification". These different uses of projective identification affect couples' capacities to provide what Bion called "containment". In disturbed couples, partners serve as what Meltzer termed "claustrums" whereby projections are not contained, but imprisoned or entombed in the other. Applying the concept of claustrum helps illuminate common feelings these couples express, such as feeling suffocated, stifled, trapped, held hostage, or feeling as if the relationship is killing them. Finally, this paper presents treatment challenges in working with more disturbed couples.

THE EFFECT OF APPLYING ANIMAL CARTOON PICTURES ON STUDENTS’ ACHIEVEMENT IN WRITING NARRATIVE TEXT

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasanul Arifin Zul And Masitowarni Siregar
Keyword(s):  
T Test ◽  
Narrative Text ◽  
Control Group ◽  
First Year ◽  
Writing Achievement ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Written Test ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

This thesis is focused on the investigation of the effect of applying animal cartoon pictures on students’ achievement in writing narrative text. This study aims to find whether applying animal cartoon pictures significantly affect the students’ writing achievement or not. The data in this study were obtained by administering a written test. The population was the 2015/2016 first year (grade XI) of SMA Swasta Nusantara Lubuk Pakam and 66 students were taken as the sample by using random sampling. The sample was divided into two groups, experimental and control groups. The experimental group was taught by applying animal cartoon pictures while the control group without animal cartoon pictures (x = lecturing). The data were taken the scores from the pre-test and post-test to both experimental and control groups. These data were analyzed by using t-test. The result of computing the t-test obviously showed that t-observed is higher than t-table (5.21 >1,67) with the degree of freedom 64 (df =N-2) at the level significance 0,05 one tail test. It showed that the application of animal cartoon pictures significantly affected the students of SMA Swasta Nusantara Lubuk Pakam achievement in writing narrative text.

THE EFFECT OF APPLYING DEMONSTRATION METHOD ON STUDENTS’ ACHIEVEMENT IN SPEAKING SKILL AT THE THIRD GRADE OF SMK PAB 3 MEDAN ESTATE

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meryanti Napitupulu And Anni Holila Pulungan
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vocational High School ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Speaking Test ◽  
The Third ◽  
Speaking Skill ◽  
The Subject ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

This study was conducted as an attempt to discover the effect of applying Demonstration Method on students’ achievement in speaking skill. It was an experimental research. The subject was students of Grade XII, Vocational High School (Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan: SMK), which consisted of 79 students. The research was divided into two groups: experimental and control groups. The instrument used to collect the data was speaking test. To obtain the reliability of the test, the writer applied Kuder Richardson 21 formula. The result of the reliability was 0.7, and it was found that the test was reliable. The data were analyzed by using t-test formula. The analysis showed that the scores of the students in the experimental group were significantly higher than the scores of the students in the control group at the level of significant m = 0.05 with the degree of freedom (df) 77, t-observed value 8.9 > t-table value 1.99. The findings indicate that using Demonstration Method significantly affected the students’ achievement in speaking skill. So, English teachers are suggested to use Demonstration Method in order to improve students’ achievement in speaking skill.

Efficacy of anthelmintic Eprimek against gastrointestinal nematodes in sheep

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 99-103
Author(s):  
V. I. Kolesnikov
Keyword(s):  
Live Weight ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽  
Production Environment ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
The North ◽  
Helminth Eggs ◽  
Nematode Eggs ◽  
Flotation Technique ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

The purpose of the research is studying the efficacy of Eprimek (Eprinomectin) against gastrointestinal nematodes in sheep.Materials and methods. A commercial experiment to study the antiparasitic efficacy of Eprimek was carried out in June 2020 on 300 lambs of the North Caucasian breed in a private flock of Filimonovskaya Village, Izobilnensky District, the Stavropol Territory, which were divided into two groups. The experimental group of lambs (290 animals) was injected Eprimek subcutaneously at the earset at a dose of 1 ml/50 kg of live weight (10 mg of Eprinomectin in 1 ml), and 10 lambs were not treated; they were used as control. We collected feces from the lambs of the experimental and control groups before administration of the drugs and after 15 and 30 days. Fecal samples were examined by the flotation technique with a saturated solution of ammonium nitrate with counting nematode eggs in 1 g of feces. The results were processed statistically.Results and discussion. Eprimek showed a decrease in the number of excreted helminth eggs from 225.1±28.2 to 4.1±2.3 in production environment at a dose of 1 ml/50 kg of live weight, according to coprological studies on the 15th day after treatment in the experimental group of lambs. The efficacy was 98.2%, and 70% of the animals were free from the infection. The intensity of infection of the control lambs by gastrointestinal nematodes was 131–151 eggs per 1 g of feces at 100% prevalence.

Role of Nutrition Counseling and Lifestyle Modification in Managing Prediabetes

2021 ◽  
pp. 037957212110254
Author(s):  
Harleen Kaur ◽  
Neerja Singla ◽  
Rohini Jain
Keyword(s):  
Hemoglobin A1c ◽  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Nutrition Intervention ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Population Prevalence ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

Objective: India is the second country after China having the highest population prevalence of diabetes. Several research studies investigating diabetes have been done, but not much work has been done on prediabetes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of nutrition and lifestyle modification on prediabetic females. Methods: A total of 120 prediabetic females from Ludhiana city were divided into 2 matched groups: control group (n = 60) and experimental group (n = 60). Impact of nutrition intervention for dietary and lifestyle modification (for 3 months) was assessed on the anthropometric, dietary, biochemical parameters, and diabetes risk score of the experimental group and control group (no intervention). Results: All the selected 120 subjects completed the study (experimental group = 60; control group = 60). There was significant difference in the changes between the 2 groups throughout the study. The fasting blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin A1c levels of the experimental group subjects reduced significantly ( P ≤ .01). However, no change was observed among the control group subjects. The lipid profile of the experimental group showed a significant improvement ( P ≤ .01). Conclusion: Nutrition counselling of the prediabetics regarding dietary and lifestyle modification is recommended so as to improve their metabolic control, thus preventing them from being diabetics.

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