scholarly journals Antibiotic Susceptibility and Biofilm Formation of Clinical Isolates of Pseudomonas Species from Wounds Specimens

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 67-74
Author(s):  
Mercy Ugbede Enemali ◽  
Danung Istifanus Yilkahan
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Test Tube ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Normal Wound Healing ◽  
Gram Staining

Purpose:  The aim of the study is to investigate biofilm forming capacity and the antibiotic susceptibility profile of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from clinical wound specimen. Method: A total number of 60 wound specimens were submitted to the bacteriology laboratory of Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Teaching Hospital for investigation, and screened for Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The strains were identified on the basis of cultural characteristics, Gram staining, biochemical tests such as citrate, urease, indole, fermentation of sugar using triple sugar agar. The biofilm forming capacity of the strains are tested using the test tube method after standardizing the strains to approximately standard inoculated into a cooked meat broth. The growth rate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical strains after 48 hours incubation are measured by taking the absorbance using Densi-Check. The strain growth rate is also checked. Biofilm formation at the liquid interface (pellicle) is qualitatively scored from the first to the last strain. The clinical significance of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm forming capacity and resistance to antibiotics which could result to none healing, delayed healing, foul smell of wound infection are checked for the experiment. Results: The analysis of the study shows that the strains are more susceptible to Ciprofloxacin and Streptomycin while the strains are less susceptible to Orfloxacin and Gentamycin. Conclusion: the data derived from human clinical studies make clear that biofilm have an important adverse effect on wound healing. Despite this, more fundamental scientific studies are required to understand what biofilm do to normal wound healing processes from cellular and immunological perspective.

scholarly journals Correlation of biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance among clinical and soil isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii in Iraq

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pakhshan A. Hassan ◽  
Adel K. Khider
Keyword(s):  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Congo Red ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogen ◽  
Microtiter Plate ◽  
Test Tube ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method

Acinetobacter baumannii is an opportunistic pathogen that is reported as a major cause of nosocomial infections. The aim of this study was to investigate the biofilm formation by A. baumannii clinical and soil isolates, to display their susceptibility to 11 antibiotics and to study a possible relationship between formation of biofilm and multidrug resistance. During 8 months period, from June 2016 to January 2017, a total of 52 clinical and 22 soil isolates of A. baumannii were collected and identified through conventional phenotypic, chromo agar, biochemical tests, API 20E system, and confirmed genotypically by PCR for blaOXA-51-like gene. Antibiotic susceptibility of isolates was determined by standard disk diffusion method according to Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute. The biofilm formation was studied using Congo red agar, test tube, and microtiter plate methods. The clinical isolates were 100% resistance to ciprofloxacin, ceftazidime, piperacillin, 96.15% to gentamicin, 96.15% to imipenem, 92.31% to meropenem, and 78.85% to amikacin. The soil A. baumannii isolates were 100% sensitive to imipenem, meropenem, and gentamicin, and 90.1% to ciprofloxacin. All A. baumannii isolates (clinical and soil) were susceptible to polymyxin B. The percentage of biofilm formation in Congo red agar, test tube, and microtiter plate assays was 10.81%, 63.51%, and 86.48%, respectively. More robust biofilm former population was mainly among non-MDR isolates. Isolates with a higher level of resistance tended to form weaker biofilms. The soil isolates exhibited less resistance to antibiotics than clinical isolates. However, the soil isolates produce stronger biofilms than clinical isolates.

Biofilm formation, antibiotic susceptibility and RAPD genotypes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical strains isolated from single centre intensive care unit patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 531-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Vaněrková ◽  
Barbora Mališová ◽  
Iva Kotásková ◽  
Veronika Holá ◽  
Filip Růžička ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Single Centre ◽  
Clinical Strains

Bacterial survival and biofilm formation on conventional and antibacterial toothbrushes

Biofilms ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. L. Sammons ◽  
D. Kaur ◽  
P. Neal
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Bacterial Survival ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogens ◽  
Mechanical Agitation ◽  
Gram Staining ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Number Of Bacteria

The aim of this study was to investigate bacterial survival and biofilm formation on toothbrushes. Fifteen healthy volunteers each used a normal toothbrush and an antibacterial toothbrush of the same design for two separate 5 week periods. Bacteria were removed from the brush head by swabbing and mechanical agitation in 10ml of tryptone soya broth, cultured aerobically on selective and non-selective media, and classified by Gram staining, catalase and oxidase tests. Survival of Staphylococcus epidermidis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was monitored in the laboratory on both types of brush over 8 days. Scanning electron microscopy was used to observe biofilm formation on antibacterial and conventional brushes used for various times. Numbers of bacteria isolated from conventional and antibacterial brushes from different individuals ranged from 8.3×103 to 4.7×106 and from 1×102 to 1.2×106 colony-forming units/ml, respectively. A larger number of bacteria were isolated from conventional brushes than from antibacterial brushes used by the same individuals but no statistically significant difference was demonstrated. No differences in the relative proportions of Gram-negative and Gram-positive rods or cocci were seen. Staphylococci, presumptive coliforms and pseudomonads were isolated from 48%, 28% and 16% of brushes, respectively. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was viable for at least 4 days on conventional, and 2–3 days on antibacterial, brushes, whilst S. epidermidis survived for 6–8 days on antibacterial and more than 8 days on conventional brushes. Biofilms formed on the heads and bristles of both conventional and antibacterial brushes. Extensive, mixed community biofilms developed after several months of use. We conclude that toothbrushes may be a reservoir of opportunistic pathogens including staphylococci and pseudomonad-like organisms and must be considered as a potential source of haematogenous infections and cross-infection.

scholarly journals The effect of Aloe Vera leaf gel in promoting wound healing and as antibacterial

2008 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-59
Author(s):  
Ali Aziz Al-Khayyat
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Nigella Sativa Oil ◽  
Normal Wound Healing ◽  
Significant Difference

This study was carried out to explore the effect of Aloe Vera leafgel in promoting wound healing and to investigate theantibacterial effect against some pathogenic bacteria in comparisonwith Nigella sativa oil. Standard dilutions of Aloe Vera leaf gel weremade from ten to one hundred percent and its antibacterial effecthad been examined in seeded agar method against Staphylococcusaureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa both were previously identifiedby laboratory and biochemical methods, Nigella Sativa oil which isknown to be one of the important medicinal plant was used forcomparison . Statistical analysis showed a significant difference(P<0.05) between AVG and Nigella Sativa oil.The effect of Aloe Vera leaf gel against Staph .aureus was morepotent than against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. There was aproportional relation between different concentrations of AVGwith the values of inhibition zones diameters of the bacteria.Results showed that Aloe Vera was more potent than Nigella sativaagainst both bacteria.The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) was sixtymg/ml and the Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) waseighty mg/ml for Staph .aureus.In order to investigate the effect of Aloe Vera gel on woundhealing, twenty-four local male rabbits were used. They weredivided into four equal groups and each animal was wounded inboth sides of the back region by making a one by two centimetersquare standard longitudinal incision with surgical scalpel. Thefirst group was a control group (wounded without treatment); thisgroup was employed to observe the normal wound healing. Thesecond group was treated with crude Aloe Vera leaf gel twice dailyfor 10 days. While the third group was wounded and infected withthe pathogenic bacteria Staphylococcus vaureus without treatment,in order to observe the natural body defense against pathogenicmicroorganisms. The last group was infected with the samebacteria but treated with crude Aloe Vera leaf gel to observe theantibacterial effect. The wounds in the left side in second andfourth group were left as self-control.

Anti-Pseudomonas aeruginosa Activity of Metal Schiff Base Complex and Probiotics Against Planktonic- and Biofilm-Growing Cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sepideh Hassanzadeh ◽  
Sudabeh Ebrahimi ◽  
Sara Ganjloo ◽  
Saeid Amel Jamehdar ◽  
Samaneh Dolatabadi
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Schiff Base ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Schiff Base Complex ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Antibiofilm Activity ◽  
Planktonic Cells ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Base Complex

Introduction: The biofilm formation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa seems to protect the bacteria from antibiotics since these entities are highly resistant to such antimicrobial agents. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of Lactobacillus salivarus, Lactobacillus plantarum supernatants and CuII Schiff base complex in eliminating planktonic cells and biofilm of P. aeruginosa. Methods: : One hundred specimens of blood, urine, cerebrospinal fluid, respiratory samples, and wound swabs were collected from patients attending three hospitals in Mashhad. All specimens were identified by biochemical tests. The susceptibility of the isolates to the conventional antibiotics were assessed using disk diffusion method. The biofilm formation ability of P. aeruginosa isolates was evaluated by crystal violet assay and confirmed using PCR. The anti-planktonic and anti-biofilm ability of L. salivarus, L. plantarum supernatants and CuII Schiff base complex was evaluated separately in P. aeruginosa isolates. Results and Conclusion: The highest and lowest resistance rates was detected in Cefazoline (95%) and cefepime (23%), respectively. The thickest biofilm was produced by 8% of P. aeruginosa isolates, 9% and 83% of the isolates were considered as moderate and weak biofilm producers, respectively. The rhlR and lasR genes was reported in 100% of the isolates, but algD gene was existence in 92% of them. Particularly, the CuII Schiff base complex could affect both planktonic and biofilm cells by the lowest concentration in comparison of probiotic supernatants. L. plantarum supernatant inhibited planktonic cells at a lower concentration than L. salivarius. Also, L. salivarius showed better antibiofilm activity than another probiotic in lower doses of supernatant. Unlike that these compounds have not completely eliminated biofilm cells, but only reduced the biofilm formation.Metal Schiff base complex and Lactobacillus supernatants is a potent antimicrobial agent against Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm cells.

scholarly journals phoUInactivation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Enhances Accumulation of ppGpp and Polyphosphate

2015 ◽  
Vol 81 (9) ◽  
pp. 3006-3015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Gustavo de Almeida ◽  
Julia Helena Ortiz ◽  
René P. Schneider ◽  
Beny Spira
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Abc Transporter ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Inorganic Polyphosphate ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Guanosine Tetraphosphate ◽  
Exact Function ◽  
Increased Sensitivity ◽  
Polyp Accumulation

ABSTRACTInorganic polyphosphate (polyP) is a linear polymer composed of several molecules of orthophosphate (Pi) linked by energy-rich phosphoanhydride bonds. InPseudomonas aeruginosa, Piis taken up by the ABC transporter Pst, encoded by an operon consisting of five genes. The first four genes encode proteins involved in the transport of Piand the last gene of the operon,phoU, codes for a protein which exact function is unknown. We show here that the inactivation ofphoUinP. aeruginosaenhanced Piremoval from the medium and polyP accumulation. ThephoUmutant also accumulated high levels of the alarmone guanosine tetraphosphate (ppGpp), which in turn increased the buildup of polyP. In addition,phoUinactivation had several pleiotropic effects, such as reduced growth rate and yield and increased sensitivity to antibiotics and stresses. However, biofilm formation was not affected by thephoUmutation.

scholarly journals Antibiotic Sensitivity of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis Isolated from Acne Patients

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-125
Author(s):  
Ashfia Fatima Khan ◽  
Humayera Kabir Hana ◽  
Jakaria Sheak ◽  
Kohinur Begum
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Pharmaceutical Journal ◽  
Test Tube ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Old Patients ◽  
Mannitol Salt Agar ◽  
Gram Staining

In this study, twenty five samples were collected from acne, ranging from 20 to 25 years old patients. The specimens were cultured on trypticase soy agar (TSA) plate. 25 suspected single colonies were isolated using mannitol salt agar. Isolates were identified by short biochemical tests such as catalase, coagulase, oxidase and Gram staining test. Five Staphylococcus aureus and eleven Staphylococcus epidermidis strains were identified. Antibiotic sensitivity of all strains was tested according to the Kirby-Bauer method using commercially available gentamicin, erythromycin, azithromycin, oxacillin, clindamycin and rifampicin discs. 100% of the isolates were sensitive to gentamicin and rifampicin. On the other hand, 93.75% isolates were sensitive to oxacillin, erythromycin and azithromycin and 81.25% isolates were sensitive to clindamicin. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of rifampicin and gentamicin was determined by test tube serial dilution method and it was found to be 4 ?g/ml for both. Our results showed that both rifampicin and gentamicin are effective antibacterial agents for acne.Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 18(2): 121-125, 2015

scholarly journals Assessment and Comparative Study of Biofilm Formation with frequency of Multi Drug Resistance in strains of Staphylococcus aureus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiran Fatima ◽  
Kashif Ali
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Congo Red ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Anatomic Locations ◽  
Moderately Resistant

Background: The study was conducted to identify the role of biofilms in the antibiotic susceptibility in the strains of Staphylococcus aureus. A total of 19 non repeated pus/wound swab samples from different anatomic locations and 17 samples that were previously identified as S. aureus and preserved in the labs were included in the study. The Staphylococcus aureus was identified on the basis of colony morphology, Gram's stain, biochemical tests (catalase and coagulase tests) and molecular identification through PCR amplification. Methodology: A total of 26 samples were recovered out of the 31 samples. Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion susceptibility test was used to determine the sensitivity or resistance of S. aureus to methicillin. Out of the 26 strains, 4 were highly resistant, 10 were moderately resistant and 12 strains were sensitive. Three different protocols (Tube Method, Congo Red Agar Method and Tissue Culture plate method) were used for the detection of biofilm formation for both resistant and sensitive strains. Result: Comparative analysis of the antibiotic susceptibility and biofilm formation by different protocols showed that 70% strains that are resistant to antibiotic methicillin produced moderate-strong biofilms. 50% have produced the moderate-strong biofilms in all 3 protocols. In case of sensitive, 50% strains had produced none-weak biofilms in all 3 protocols. Decisions: The strains that had zone of inhibition of close to resistance produced weak-strong biofilms but they all produced weak biofilms in CRA method. It can be concluded that the strains of S. aureus that have the ability to produce biofilms become methicillin resistant. Keywords: Biofilm, antibiotic susceptibility, Congo Red Agar, Tube Method, Tissue culture plats.

scholarly journals Detection of bacterial pathogens causing a chronic suppurative otits media and study of antibiotic susceptibility in Iraqi patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 2567-2571 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alaa Sameer Neamah
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Life Form ◽  
Resistance Rate ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Suppurative Otitis Media ◽  
Microbiological Profile ◽  
Effective Result

A complete number of 100 ear swabs were researched for the present study. This investigation is to discover the microbiological profile and their anti-microbial affectability designs in patients with constant suppurative otitis media in an Al-hububi clinic. Gram recoloring, direct microscopy with KOH, culture affectability and biochemical tests were completed to distinguish the living beings and to realize the affectability design. Every one of the swabs were gathered from patients with the clinical conclusion of unending suppurative otitis media. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (37.21%) was generally secluded life form pursued by Staphylococcus aureus (27.91%) from the samples. Amikacin was found to be the most effective antibiotic with low resistance rate. The investigation of microbial example and their anti-infection affectability decides the predominant living beings causing unending suppurative otitis media in neighborhood begins fitting treatment of otitis media and its intricacies for effective result.

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