scholarly journals Effects of Cultured Yeast Supplementation on Growing Kids Fed With Napier Grass-Concentrate Ration

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Mark Abela ◽  
◽  
Lolito Bestil ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Napier Grass ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Ruminal Fluid

An In vivo experiment was conducted to assess the effects of live yeast supplementation on the performance of six-month-old young goats. Specifically, it investigated the effects of cultured yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) supplementation of the dry matter intake, growth performance, fluctuation in ruminal fluid pH and rumen bacterial count, as well as on the digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, and crude protein of the napier grass-concentrate ration. The addition of cultured yeast at two grams/ 10 mL distilled water generally increased dry matter intake and weight gain of the young goats, but did not significantly affected bacterial count and ruminal fluid pH. The digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, and crude protein of the napier grass-concentrate ration increased with the addition of cultured yeast. Yeast supplementation of one gram/ 10 mL distilled water enhaced nutrient intake and utilization of the napier grass-concentrate ration.

scholarly journals Performance of Growing Lambs as Influenced by Liquid Acid Whey Supplementation

2013 ◽  
pp. 61-73
Author(s):  
Angie Poliquit ◽  
Serena Sanchez
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Napier Grass ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Liquid Acid ◽  
Ruminal Ph ◽  
Acid Whey

Twelve male growing lambs were used in a randomized complete block design to determine the effects of feeding liquid acid whey (LAW) on the performance of the animal, its dry matter intake, nutrient digestibility, weight gain and ruminal pH. Animals received a diet consisting of Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum, Schumacher). Treatments were Napier grass plus concentrate, Napier grass plus LAW and Napier grass plus concentrate plus LAW. Individual dry matter intake (DMI), biweekly weight gain (WG) and ruminal pH were measured. Diet digestibility was determined using the total collection method. Results showed that LAW increased (p<0.05) WG and diet digestibility (dry matter, organic matter and crude protein). Liquid acid whey had an average digestibility of 54.41% for dry matter, 83.94% for organic matter and 87.56% for crude protein. Ruminal pH two hours after feeding was stable for animals with LAW alone. However, DMI was similar (p>0.05) among treatments. It can be concluded that including LAW in the diet significantly improved WG, diet digestibility and ruminal pH without affecting DMI.

scholarly journals The influence of the method of preservation of forages on the digestion in dairy cows. 1. Composition of the forages and digestibility of dry matter, organic matter and nitrogen.

1975 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-9
Author(s):  
S. Tamminga ◽  
C.J. van der Koelen
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Formic Acid ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Mixed Diet ◽  
Apparent Digestibility

1. Grass from the same sward was ensiled without additive, with 14.6 g formic acid/100 g crude protein or 10.8 g formic acid and 10.6 g formaldehyde/100 g crude protein. Similar grass was dried and pelleted. Drying or ensiling with the mixture reduced solubility of N in the preserved grass but formic acid increased it, and ensiling without additive increased it even more. Apparent digestibility of N in the rumen of cows tended to decrease with decrease in solubility. Digestibility in vitro of the mixed diet given to the cows, calculated from digestibility of the separate components, agreed well with the values in vivo for diets with silages, but was high for that with dried grass. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

The use of near infra-red reflectance spectroscopy (nirs) for the evaluation of forages. The application to undried silage

1992 ◽  
Vol 1992 ◽  
pp. 221-221
Author(s):  
C W Baker ◽  
D I Givens
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Wet Chemistry ◽  
Advisory Service ◽  
Infra Red ◽  
Routine Basis

NIRS is now a familiar tool in the assessment of forage and feedingstuff quality. Recently NIRS has been applied to the direct prediction of in vivo organic matter digestibility (OMD) of grass silages (Barber et al 1990) and cereal straws (Givens et al 1991).The Agricultural Development and Advisory Service (ADAS) has been using NIRS to predict the in vivo OMD of oven dried silages on a routine basis since 1989, and it has proved to be reliable, accurate and rapid. In addition to OMD, crude protein (CP), and neutral detergent fibre (NDF), are routinely predicted by NIRS, leaving pH, ammonia, dry matter and ash still to be determined by wet chemistry methods.

scholarly journals Dry matter yields and quality parameters of ten Napier grass (Cenchrus purpureus) genotypes at three locations in western Oromia, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-51
Author(s):  
Abuye Tulu ◽  
Mekonnen Diribsa ◽  
Worku Temesgen
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Nutrient Composition ◽  
Napier Grass ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Digestible Organic Matter

Ten Napier grass genotypes (accessions) were assessed across 3 locations, Bako, Boneya Boshe and Gute, for forage dry matter (DM) yield, crude protein (CP) concentration, leaf:stem ratio, nutrient composition and digestibility characteristics during 2016 and 2017. The genotypes were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with 3 replications. Mean DM yield was higher for accession ILRI 16804 across all locations followed by ILRI 16801 and ILRI 16800. Leaf:stem ratio, CP concentration and CP and digestible organic matter (OM) yields also varied significantly among genotypes with the highest values obtained for accession ILRI 16804 across all locations, followed by ILRI 16800 and ILRI 16801. Yields of DM, CP and digestible OM and leaf:stem ratio were higher at Boneya Boshe and Gute than at Bako and higher during 2017 than during 2016. The consistently superior performance of ILRI 16804, ILRI 16801 and ILRI 16800 in both years across the 3 sites suggests that these genotypes should be studied further on farms and in differing environments before being recommended for general cultivation in this area. Examining performance with more frequent harvests and feeding studies with livestock would confirm the benefits to be obtained from planting these new accessions.

scholarly journals Digestive parameters during gestation of Holstein heifers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jéssica Marcela Vieira Pereira ◽  
Marcos Inácio Marcondes ◽  
Sebastião de Campos Valadares Filho ◽  
Joel Caton ◽  
Anna Luiza Lacerda Sguizzato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Esterified Fatty Acids

AbstractOur objective was to estimate nutrient intake, ruminal flow, total apparent and ruminal digestibility, rates of passage and digestion, ruminal and omasal pH, blood metabolite concentrations, and body measurements during gestation of Holstein heifers. Eleven pregnant Holstein heifers, 8 of which fitted with a rumen cannula (450 ± 27.6 kg of body weight and 20 ± 3.5 months of initial age) were used. All heifers received the same diet composed of corn silage, soybean meal, corn meal, minerals and vitamins, with a corn silage:concentrate ratio of 50:50 (on a dry matter basis), aiming an average daily gain of approximately 1.0 kg. The sampling periods were established according to the days of gestation: 145, 200, and 255 with a duration of 10 days per period. Total fecal samples were collected to estimate dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, and neutral detergent fiber digestibility. Blood samples were collected to analyze metabolites (non-esterified fatty acids, β-hydroxybutyrate, urea, and glucose). Data were analyzed as a repeated measurements scheme, using MIXED procedure, with differences declared when P < 0.05. Dry matter intake expressed in kg/day increased from d-145 to d-200, and remaining stable until d-255 of gestation. The same results were observed for organic matter and crude protein intake, increasing 15.0 and 35.8% respectively. In contrast, when dry matter intake was evaluated as % body weight, we observed a decrease of 16.7% from d-200 to d-255. Days of gestation did not influence ruminal flow of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, and neutral detergent fiber. We observed an increase in the ruminal digestibility of neutral detergent fiber by 20.5%. The apparent total-tract digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, and crude protein changed over days of gestation, with an increase of 11.9, 8.5, and 9.8%, respectively, when comparing d-145 with d-200. The rate of digestion of neutral detergent fiber increased from 2.0 to 3.5% h-1. Glucose levels decreased, while β-hydroxybutirate and non-esterified fatty acids increased from d-145 to d-255. In conclusion, our results demonstrate a reduction in dry matter intake in % body weight due to pregnancy. It also shows an increase in total apparent digestibility through gestation, which imply a greater efficiency of use of nutrients by pregnant animals. Thus, further research is still needed to consolidate such results and to elucidate the mechanism about nutrient usage during the final third of gestation in heifers.

Effects of source and content of ash in poultry litter used in diets for beef cattle

1998 ◽  
Vol 131 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. BROSH ◽  
Y. AHARONI ◽  
D. LEVY ◽  
Z. HOLZER
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Poultry Litter ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Maize Grain

Two experiments were carried out in order to study the effect of the ash content of poultry litter (PL) on its nutritional value. In Expt 1, broiler PL was incorporated in the proportions of 30 and 45% into diets based on wheat straw supplemented with 20% maize grain. The PL was either fresh (containing 19% ash) or had been heated in a stack (giving 26% ash). There were also two additional diets containing 45% fresh PL to which either ground limestone or wood ash had been added to provide the same ash content as the diets containing 45% stored, high ash PL. An in vivo digestibility and nitrogen balance trial was carried out. Storing the PL, which resulted in heating and an increase in ash content, reduced dry matter intake significantly. The largest and most significant effect on the digestibility of dry matter, organic matter and crude protein can be ascribed to the freshness of the PL. Stored, heated PL had a highly negative effect on crude protein digestibility and on nitrogen retention. No negative effect of adding extrinsic ash was recorded. In Expt 2, the nutritional value of layer PL (LPL), compared with that of broiler PL (BPL), was examined using ten beef cows before and after calving. The diet was composed of 45% PL, 35% wheat straw (WS) and 20% maize grain. Daily dry matter intakes were 12·7 and 16·2 g/kg liveweight (LW) before calving and 15·5 and 22·8 g/kg LW after calving, for cows fed LPL and BPL, respectively. Owing to the combined effect of the lower dry matter intake, lower gross energy content and lower digestibility of LPL, the digestible energy intake of BPL diets was almost three-fold, and nitrogen absorption (g/kg LW0·75) on the BPL was 2·4-fold higher than on the LPL diets. Because the ash intake of both diets was similar, it is suggested that the main inhibiting factor of intake after calving was the rumen's ability to mobilize the large amounts of ash-rich complexes of ash and organic matter to the reticular omasal orifice and, consequently, out of the rumen.

scholarly journals Forage legumes included in diets with tropical grasses. II. Dry matter intake and nutrient digestibility

1969 ◽  
Vol 82 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 39-49
Author(s):  
Abner A. Rodríguez ◽  
Ernesto O. Riquelme ◽  
Paul F. Randel
Keyword(s):  
Leucaena Leucocephala ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Legume Species ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Stylosanthes Guianensis

The effects were determined of the inclusion of a legume (Leucaena leucocephala or Stylosanthes guianensis) at the rate of 10,20 or 40% of the dry matter, as a complement to tropical grass hay containing Cenchrus ciliaris L. and Dicanthium annulatum, on the dry matter intake (DMI), and on in vivo digestibility of the dry matter (DMD), neutral detergent fiber (NDFD), crude protein (CPD) and acid detergent fiber (ADFD). Dry matter and nutrient digestibility was measured with the total collection technique using lambs in individual pens. Dry matter intake was greater (P < 0.05) as the proportion of legume in the diets increased (1.00, 1.30 and 1.46% kg/d at 10, 20 and 40% of legume, respectively). Between the two legume species evaluated, DMI was greater in animals fed with Stylosanthes guianensis (1.30 kg/d) than ¡n animals fed with Leucaena leucocephala (1.16 kg/d). There were significant differences between the legume species in digestibility of the main feed components except crude protein. The mean values obtained for the diets with Leucaena leucocephala and Stylosanthes guianensis were DMD, 61.88 and 59.36; CPD, 71.37 and 70.26; NDFD, 62.57 and 58.33; and ADFD, 47.71 and 41.48%, respectively.There were no effects on digestibility when the legumes were added at 10 or 20% of the dry matter (means: DMD, 59.3; CPD, 70.5; NDFD, 59.1; and ADFD, 43.0%). However, when the legume constituted 40% of the dry matter, there was an increase in DMD (63.8%), NDFD (63.5%) and ADFD (48 6%), but not in CPD (71.1%). It is concluded that the utilization of legume species, as a complement to grass in diets for ruminants, can improve the productive performance because of increased intake of total digestible nutrients.

The use of the gas-test technique for predicting the feeding value of forage plants

1998 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 255-258
Author(s):  
M. Chenost ◽  
F. Deverre ◽  
J. Aufrère ◽  
C. Demarquilly
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Crude Protein Content ◽  
Test Technique ◽  
Forage Plants ◽  
Feeding Value ◽  
Range Of Variation

The ‘gas test’ technique (Menke and Steingass, 1988) is becoming popular for predicting the feeding value of forages. However the relationships observed by Khazaal et al. (1995) between in vivo data and prediction measurements on grasses and legume hays were less good with the gas test technique than with the in situ technique. The present results are part of the work undertaken at the laboratory with the aim of improving the accuracy of the technique on various types of foods (Chenost et al., 1997).Seventy-nine forages (24 green (G) grasses, 38 grass hays (H), five G lucernes and 12 lucerne H) of known in vivo organic matter apparent digestibility (OMD) out of which 45 (17 G grasses, 16 grass H, five G lucernes and seven lucerne H) of known voluntary dry-matter intake (DMI), both measured with sheep, were chosen based on the range of variation of their OMD (from 0-490 to 0-808) and of their crude protein content (CP from 48 to 253 g/kg DM).

Laboratory analyses of the nutritional value of western Queensland browse feeds

1979 ◽  
Vol 19 (98) ◽  
pp. 344 ◽  
Author(s):  
WJF McDonald ◽  
JH Ternouth
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Nitrogen Free Extract ◽  
Organic Matter Digestibility

Seventy samples of browse feeds, collected during late autumn and spring of 1971 from 42 western Queensland shrubs and trees, were subjected to laboratory analyses of the proximate fractions and in vitro digestibility. Crude protein, crude fibre and nitrogen-free-extract fractions ranged between 65 and 242, 55 and 353 and 425 and 71 1 g kg-1 dry matter, repectively. The in vitro dry matter digestibility coefficients ranged between 0.22 and 0.86. Comparisons of 15 browse feeds collected in April-May and October indicated a higher crude protein content (P < 0.05) and in vitro digestibility (P .= 0.01) and lower crude fibre (P < 0.01) and ash (P < 0.01 ) content in spring samples for most species. Nine browse feeds of known in vivo dry matter and organic matter digestibility were subjected to in vitro digestibility analysis. Whilst the in vitro and in vivo dry matter digestibilities were similar (0.43 and 0.45, respectively) the mean in vitro organic matter digestibility was substantially lower than the corresponding in vivo digestibility (0.40 and 0.46, respectively).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document