Prevalência de queixas vocais em agentes comunitários de sa´úde

Objective:check the signals and symptoms of voice disorders of Community Health Workers in the city of Montes Claros -Minas Gerais. Materialsand Methods:this was a cross-sectional and quantitative study. We applied a questionnaire which included questions about the profile of the population, voice aspects based on the Voice Disorder Screening Index, as well as the perception of the populationconcerning the use of their voice in daily life. Results:around 674 people took part in the study. 62.1% of respondents were young adults, and 83.8% were female. The vast majority were married, with high school education and a monthly family income of approximately two minimum wages. More than half of the respondents (56.5%) have been employed for less than five years and they are responsible for less than 120 families. About 70.5% possess signs and symptoms of vocal alterations, the most cited being dry throat, throat clearing, tiredness when speaking, and hoarseness. Regarding the daily use of their voice, 50.1% reported they spoke a lot. Conclusion:the present study showed a high prevalence of vocal complaints among participants, calling attention to the need to develop plans for the prevention and treatment of vocal disorders.

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Prevalence of smoking and age of initiation in Alexandria, Egypt

Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal ◽

10.26719/2002.8.4-5.626 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (4-5) ◽

pp. 626-637 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

R. M. Youssef ◽

S. A. Abou Khatwa ◽

H. M. Fouad

Keyword(s):

Tobacco Use ◽

Family Income ◽

World Health ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Current Smoking ◽

High Prevalence ◽

The Mean ◽

Health Organization ◽

The City

A cross-sectional survey on tobacco use in the city of Alexandria, Egypt, used an interview questionnaire based on World Health Organization guidelines. The study in 2000 included 2120 participants aged 15 to 86 years. More than a quarter [27.2%] were current smokers [25.5% daily smokers and 1.7% occasional smokers] and 3.5% were ex-smokers. Current smokers spent 23.1% of their family income on tobacco. The prevalence of current smoking was significantly higher among men [48.5%] than women [1.5%] and the mean age of initiation of smoking was lower among men [18.1 years] than women [22.6 years]. The high prevalence of tobacco use among men is of concern, so too is the likelihood that tobacco use will increase among women. Further research is needed into factors that prevent people from starting smoking and assist them stopping smoking

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Prevalence of vaginal candidiasis and associated factors in pregnant women with diabetes

African Journal of Midwifery and Women s Health ◽

10.12968/ajmw.2020.0050 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (4) ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Doreen Macherera Mukona ◽

Maxwell Mhlanga ◽

Mathilda Zvinavashe

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Family Income ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Vaginal Candidiasis ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Monthly Family Income ◽

Chi Squared ◽

Diabetic Treatment ◽

Living Children ◽

Structured Questionnaire

Background/aims Vaginal candidiasis is commonly experienced by women with diabetes, but its prevalence is not well documented in Zimbabwe. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of vaginal candidiasis and factors associated with diabetic treatment adherence in pregnant women with diabetes. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted on a consecutive sample of 157 participants from a central hospital in Harare, Zimbabwe. A structured questionnaire and physical examination of the perineum were used to collect data. All procedures were conducted in privacy. Diagnosis of vaginal candidiasis was made clinically. Data were analysed using the Chi-squared test, with P<0.05 being significant. Results The prevalence of vaginal candidiasis was 19.7%. There was a significant association between monthly family income (P=0.041), parity (P=0.029) and number of living children (P=0.049) and the presence of vaginal candidiasis. Women with poor adherence to diabetic therapy were 3.95 times more likely to have vaginal candidiasis (P=0.002). Conclusions Individualised health education on glycaemic control and good perineal hygiene remains key in the prevention of vaginal candidiasis among diabetic pregnant women.

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Identification of post-cesarean surgical site infection: nursing consultation

Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem ◽

10.1590/0034-7167-2017-0325 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 71 (suppl 3) ◽

pp. 1395-1403

Author(s):

Marcia Regina Cunha ◽

Maria Clara Padoveze ◽

Célia Regina Maganha e Melo ◽

Lucia Yasuko Izumi Nichiata

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Service ◽

Health Status ◽

Surgical Site Infection ◽

Medical Records ◽

Signs And Symptoms ◽

Site Infection ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Cesarean Deliveries ◽

The City

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the profile of women in relation to their living conditions, health status and socio-demographic profile, correlating it with the presence of signs and symptoms suggestive of post-cesarean surgical site infection, identifying information to be considered in the puerperium consultation performed by nurses and proposing a roadmap for the systematization of care. Method: Quantitative, exploratory, descriptive, cross-sectional and retrospective review of medical records of women who had cesarean deliveries in 2014, in the city of São Paulo. Results: 89 medical records were analyzed, 62 of them with incomplete information. In 11, there was at least one of the signs and symptoms suggestive of infection. Conclusion: Given the results of the study, the systematization of puerperal consultation is essential. The roadmap is an instrument that can potentially improve the quality of service and the recording of information.

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Acute lower respiratory illness in under-five children in Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil: prevalence and risk factors

Cadernos de Saúde Pública ◽

10.1590/s0102-311x2008000600023 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 24 (6) ◽

pp. 1429-1438 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Silvio O. M. Prietsch ◽

Gilberto B. Fischer ◽

Juraci A. César ◽

Berenice S. Lempek ◽

Luciano V. Barbosa Jr. ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Protective Factor ◽

Family Income ◽

Rio Grande ◽

Respiratory Illness ◽

Acute Lower Respiratory Infection ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Maternal Schooling ◽

The City

This study aimed to determine the prevalence of acute lower respiratory illness and to identify associated factors among children less than five years of age in the city of Rio Grande, southern Brazil. Using a cross-sectional survey, a standardized household questionnaire was applied to mothers or guardians. Information was collected on household conditions, socioeconomic status, and parental smoking. Prenatal care attendance, nutritional status, breastfeeding pattern, and use of health services for the children were also investigated. Data analysis was based on prevalence ratios and logistic regression, using a conceptual framework. Among 771 children studied, 23.9% presented acute lower respiratory illness. The main risk factors were previous episodes of acute lower respiratory infection or wheezing, crowding, maternal schooling less than five years, monthly family income less than US$ 200, four or more people per room, asthma in family members, and maternal smoking. Mothers 30 years or older were identified as a protective factor. These results can help define specific measures to reduce morbidity and mortality due to acute lower respiratory illness in this setting.

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The Challenges and Knowledge Gaps in Malaria Therapy: A Stakeholder Approach to Improving Oral Quinine Use in the Treatment of Childhood Malaria in Ghana

Journal of Pharmaceutics ◽

10.1155/2018/1784645 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-12

Author(s):

Bartholomew Yir-Erong ◽

Marcel Tunkumgnen Bayor ◽

Isaac Ayensu ◽

Stephen Yao Gbedema ◽

Joshua Boateng

Keyword(s):

Bitter Taste ◽

Health Workers ◽

Treatment Options ◽

Signs And Symptoms ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Modes Of Transmission ◽

Malaria Therapy ◽

Care Givers ◽

Childhood Malaria

Background. The study was undertaken to elicit the knowledge, views, and perceptions of key stakeholders on malaria, its bioburden, and treatment options, in order to ascertain the knowledge gabs and challenges, especially in the use of oral quinine in childhood malaria. Methods. A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a well-structured Likert Scale and self-administered questionnaire. The principal site of the study was a government-run children’s hospital located in the Ashiedu Keteke Sub-Metro of Accra. The study population included health workers, parents, and guardians or care givers. The participants were 300, purposively selected, and consisted of both men (41%) and women (59%) who were twenty years and above, whether employed (42%), self-employed (37%), or unemployed (21%). Results. Majority of the participants (78%) demonstrated above average knowledge of malaria. However, their awareness of the causes, modes of transmission, signs, and symptoms as well as preventive mechanisms of malaria did not result in low incidence of malaria. About 77% of the respondents agreed they would seek treatment within 24 hours once signs and symptoms are detected. Though close to 50% undertook home treatment of malaria, majority eventually sought treatment at hospital or clinic. Above 92% of respondents knew that quinine is used to treat malaria and agreed its bitter taste greatly affects compliance, especially in children. Consequently, 95% of the respondents would be glad if its bitter taste is masked. Conclusion. The study demonstrated the availability of substantial knowledge of the devastating effects of malaria, especially in children. Therefore, there is the need to ensure the availability and utilization of effective paediatric formulations in the fight against malaria. From this study, fast dissolving oral thin film with a good mouth feel, would be the formulation of choice for quinine.

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Faktor- Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Pemanfaatan Pelayanan Antenatal di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Air Tawar Kota Padang

Jurnal Ilmiah Universitas Batanghari Jambi ◽

10.33087/jiubj.v19i3.761 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (3) ◽

pp. 661

Author(s):

Desi Andriani ◽

Husna Yetti ◽

Roza Sriyanti

Keyword(s):

Antenatal Care ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Family Income ◽

Health Workers ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

P Value ◽

Independent Practice ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Antenatal Services

Antenatal care or antenatal care is a planned program that is observation, education and medical treatment for pregnant women, to obtain a safe and satisfying pregnancy and childbirth process. The indicator used to assess the access of pregnant women to antenatal care is K1 direction (first visit) is the contact of pregnant women to health workers and K4 (perspective visit) is 4 or more times contact with health workers. From the data of the Padang City Health Office, it was found that the Air Tawar Puskesmas with this low level was caused by various factors. The purpose of this study was to determine factors related to the use of antenatal services. This type of research is a quantitative study with cross sectional study design with 110 respondents of third trimester pregnant women with purposive sampling technique. Data analysis was performed univariate, bivariate with Chi squre test. From the research results obtained from the five factors studied, it was found that the factors related to the use of antenatal services in freshwater health centers were access or distance with pvalue 0.009 = OR 21.676), service availability factors with a p value of 0.001 = OR 9.293, the role factor midwives with a p value of 0.001 = OR 12.302, while the family income factor, disease complaints obtained results have nothing to do with the use of antenatal services. The author's suggestion is that there is a need for good coordination with the Independent Practice Midwife (BPM), revitalize puskesmas to more strategic places and improve better facilities, improve accessibility that can be minimized, strive to reach pregnant women, especially for accessibility that is less affordable.

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Knowledge and practices related to menstruation among Lucknow college students in North India: results from a cross-sectional survey

10.1101/2021.02.10.21251460 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Absar Ahmad ◽

Surbhi G Garg ◽

Suman Gupta ◽

Ruqayya Alvi

Keyword(s):

College Students ◽

Family Income ◽

Nuclear Family ◽

North India ◽

Premenstrual Symptom ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Joint Family ◽

Poor Knowledge ◽

Monthly Family Income

Background: Girls in many low and middle-income countries enter puberty with knowledge gaps and misconceptions about menstruation may lead to unsafe hygienic practices that increase health risk. Despite such importance, educated girls' knowledge and hygienic practice towards menstruation are not well addressed in India. Consequently, the present study attempted to assess menstrual hygiene knowledge and practice among college students in Lucknow city in north India. Method: An online college-based cross-sectional study design was employed in Lucknow, the capital of Uttar Pradesh in India. Data collection was carried out from September 11 to September 25, 2020, using a google form among undergraduate and Postgraduate students. All variables that were significant at bivariate level (at P-value < 0.05) were entered into multivariate analysis using a logistic regression model to control for confounding factors. In the final model, P-value of less than 0.05 was used as a base to identify factors having a statistically significant association with poor knowledge and hygiene practice at corresponding 95% confidence interval. Results: More than half of students' ages of menarche were between 12-15 years, and duration of menses flow was between 3-5 days. The most common premenstrual symptom was abdominal pain (67%) and back pain (50.5%). Majority of the students had first time discussed menstrual problems with their mothers (69.2%). Around 94% of students were currently using a sanitary pad as an absorbent. Regarding cleanliness, about (90.9%) girls clean their genitals after urinating during mensuration. Around 18.9% used medication during menstruation. Multivariate analyses reveal that students of Science and Technology (vs Commerce and Management Students) and monthly family income 50-100 thousand (vs < 25 thousands) were associated with good knowledge about menstruation. In contrast, students' fathers were graduates (vs school educated); the occupation was 'Other'(vs Farmer) ; living in a nuclear family(vs Joint family) and residing in urban areas(vs Rural) were less likely to have good menstruation knowledge. Besides, good hygiene practices are less likely to have with 'Other' Religion(vs Hindu), working mother(vs Housewife), monthly family income between 25 to 50 thousand(vs <25 thousands), and Nuclear family(vs Joint family) (p<0.05). Conclusions Most college students had poor knowledge but followed hygienic practices correctly. It demonstrates a need to design acceptable awareness creation and advocacy programs to improve college students' knowledge during menstruation. Of all the sociodemographic factors, monthly income and types of family influenced students' knowledge and practices related to menstruation.

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The Prevalence of Age-Related Eye Diseases and Cataract Surgery among Older Adults in the City of Lodz, Poland

Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1155/2015/605814 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Michal Szymon Nowak ◽

Janusz Smigielski

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Cataract Surgery ◽

Eye Diseases ◽

Retinal Diseases ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Age Related ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Caucasian Origin ◽

The City

Purpose.To determine the prevalence of age-related eye diseases and cataract surgery among older adults in the city of Lodz, in central Poland.Material and Methods.The study design was cross-sectional and observational study. A total of 1107 women and men of predominantly Caucasian origin were successfully enumerated and recruited for the study. All selected subjects were interviewed and underwent detailed ophthalmic examinations.Results.Overall 8.04% (95% CI 6.44–9.64) subjects had cataract surgery in either eye. After excluding subjects with bilateral cataract surgery, the prevalence of cataract was 12.10% (95% CI 10.18–14.03). AMD was found in 4.33% (95% CI 3.14–5.54 ) of all subjects. Of them 3.25% (95% CI 2.21–4.30 ) had early AMD and 1.08% (95% CI 0.47–1.69) had late AMD. Various types of glaucoma were diagnosed in 5.51% (95% CI 4.17–6.85) of subjects and 2.62% (95% CI 1.68–3.56) had OHT. The prevalence rates of DR and myopic macular degeneration were 1.72% (95% CI 0.95–2.48) and 0.45% (95% CI 0.06–0.85), respectively. All multiple logistic regression models were only significantly associated with older age. The highest rate of visual impairment was observed among subjects with retinal diseases.Conclusions.The study revealed high prevalence of age-related eye diseases in this older population.

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Burden in family caregivers of the elderly: prevalence and association with characteristics of the elderly and the caregivers

Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da USP ◽

10.1590/s0080-623420130000500017 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 47 (5) ◽

pp. 1129-1136 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Lara de Sa Neves Loureiro ◽

Maria das Gracas Melo Fernandes ◽

Sueli Marques ◽

Maria Miriam Lima da Nobrega ◽

Rosalina A. Partezani Rodrigues

Keyword(s):

Data Collection ◽

Family Caregivers ◽

Emotional Support ◽

The Elderly ◽

Demographic Characteristics ◽

Spousal Caregivers ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

High Prevalence ◽

The Mean ◽

The City

A cross-sectional, epidemiological study aimed to estimate the prevalence of burden among family caregivers of impaired elderly residents in the city of João Pessoa, and to identify associations between the mean burden and social and demographic characteristics of the elderly and the caregivers. A total number of 240 elderly residents in a previously drawn census tract participated in this research. The sample was composed of 52 elderly and their caregivers. For data collection, a questionnaire was applied with questions on social and demographic characteristics of elderly and caregivers, and the Burden Interview Scale was used. Results showed a high prevalence of burden among caregivers (84.6%), in which a statistically significant association was found with the following characteristics: retired elderly, elderly as head of family, spousal caregivers, and caregivers with less education. The findings of this study may contribute to the development of activities focused on formal and emotional support for the caregivers.

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Temporal trend of inactive commuting to school in adolescents from Sergipe, Brazil

Scientia Plena ◽

10.14808/sci.plena.2020.052801 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (5) ◽

Author(s):

Lucas Souza Santos ◽

Davi Soares Santos Ribeiro ◽

Íkaro Daniel Carvalho Barreto ◽

Vítor Hugo Fernandes de Oliveira ◽

Danilo Rodrigues Pereira da Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Schools ◽

Urban Area ◽

Family Income ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Male Adolescents ◽

Epidemiological Surveys ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Adjusted Logistic Regression ◽

The Stability ◽

Socioeconomic And Demographic Factors

Our purpose was to identify the trend of inactive commuting to school and to verify the associated factors (demographic, socioeconomic, school and environmental) to this outcome. The study compared data from two cross-sectional epidemiological surveys with samples of 3,984 (in 2011) and 4,139 (in 2016) adolescents from public schools of Sergipe, Brazil. Inactive commuting comprised the adolescents who did not walk or cycle to school on any day of the week. Raw and adjusted logistic regression were used to analyze the association between independent variables and outcome. The findings revealed that, in 2011, there was observed a greater probability of inactive commuting among students from the urban area (OR=3.91; 95% CI=3.37-4.45), enrolled in the day shift (OR=1.20; 95% CI=1.04-1.40), with a family income of up to one minimum wage (OR=1.39; 95% CI=1.15-1.68) and between one and two minimum wages (OR=1.20; 95% CI=1, 00-1.43), which took up to 29 minutes (OR=1.82; 95% CI=1.47-2.25) and 30 to 59 minutes when commuting from home to school (OR=1.73; 95% CI=1.36-2.21). In 2016, male adolescents (OR=1.18; 95% CI=1.03-1.36), living in the urban area (OR=3.78; 95% CI=3.23-4.41), living on paved streets (OR=1.18; 95% CI=1.00 -1.39), which took up to 29 minutes (OR=2.24; 95% CI=1.82-2.77) and 30 to 59 minutes when commuting (OR=1.35; 95% CI=1.05-1.72) showed higher prevalence of inactive commuting to school. Some socioeconomic and demographic factors influenced the stability of the high prevalence of inactive commuting to school.

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