GRAMMATICAL STRUCTURE AND ITS EFFECT ON CHANGING THE LEXICAL SIGNIFICANCE

The renewal in the lexical study depends on looking at the expressions and connotations it contains that are influenced by the context of what they are mentioned in as much as it relates to linguistic matters, such as changing the morphological form, or the multiplicity of the form of the source of the verb, or the construction of active voice and passive voice, or the infringement and imperative as well as the type of preposition infringement To come up with multiple connotations that correspond to those changes that are directly related to the context and what we can call (the semantic attribution) that is different from the grammatical attribution. In it, the connotation changes by changing the type of the subject or the predicate from masculine to feminine, and from singular to dual or plural, and from rational to non-rational, and from material to semantic or abstract to concrete and the like. According to all the above, it is not correct to separate the linguistic levels in any integrated linguistic study.

Download Full-text

Functioning of the verb’s reflexive voice in the modern Udmurt language

Zhurnal Srednevolzhskogo Matematicheskogo Obshchestva ◽

10.15507/2076-2577.013.2021.04.358-368 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 358-368

Author(s):

Ksenia G. Kostina

Keyword(s):

Semantic Content ◽

Point Of View ◽

Grammatical Structure ◽

Passive Voice ◽

Continuous Sampling ◽

The Press ◽

The Subject ◽

Reflexive Verbs ◽

First Time ◽

Colloquial Speech

Introduction. Any language’s verb system has many resources for denoting various actions of people. The relations of the action or state of the subject to its object are determined by the grammatical category of the voice, represented in the Udmurt language by the pairs of causative – non-causative, reflexive – non-reflexive forms of voices. The article considers the functioning of the verb’s reflexive voice in the modern Udmurt language, including the etymology of the voice’s affix, the grammatical meanings of reflexive verbs. Materials and Methods. The main material of the research is based on the Udmurt-Russian Dictionary (2008) and the texts of Udmurt writers included into the National Corpus of the Udmurt Language. The article used a set of such research methods as descriptive, continuous sampling, contextual analysis, taking into account the situational conditioning of the verb voice. On specific examples, the use of these methods makes it possible to consider the structure, dynamics and features of the functioning of the reflexive voice of the verb in the Udmurt language. Results and Discussion. As a result of the research, for the first time, among the reflexive voice’s groups we include verbs of passive voice. The reason of it is the low probability of using passive constructions in colloquial speech. The frequent cases of using passive meanings of verbs in the literature and in the press are defined by the calcified translation of foreign-language constructions. Conclusion. The grammatical structure of the Udmurt language is represented by two binary voice’s forms: reflexive/non-reflexive voice and causative/non-causative voice. Specific indicators of reflexive voice are affixes -ськ(ы)-/-ск(ы), -иськ(ы)-/-üськ(ы)-. From the point of view of semantic content, five semantic groups of returnable pledges are distinguished: reflexive, medial, reciprocal, impersonal, passive. The proposed classification is determined by the specifics of the relations between the subject and the object of action.

Download Full-text

Canonical and reverse predication in the syntax of the active/passive diathesis alternation

Smuggling in Syntax ◽

10.1093/oso/9780197509869.003.0007 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 147-187

Author(s):

Marcel den Dikken

Keyword(s):

External Argument ◽

Passive Voice ◽

Active Voice ◽

Accusative Case ◽

Internal Argument ◽

The Subject ◽

Secondary Predication ◽

Predication Relation

This chapter defends an analysis of the active/passive alternation sharing with Collins’s smuggling proposal the idea that the participial VP occupies a specifier position above the external argument, but base-generating it in this position rather than moving it there. In both the active and the passive, the VP and the external argument are in a predication structure, with a RELATOR mediating the predication relation. The active voice builds a canonical predication structure, with the VP in the RELATOR’S complement position and the subject of predication as the specifier. In the passive voice, the VP is externally merged in the specifier of the RELATOR and the external argument in its complement. This analysis provides an explanation for obligatory auxiliation, the unavailability of accusative Case for the internal argument, Visser’s Generalization (the ban on personal passivization of subject control verbs), and the restrictions on referential dependencies and depictive secondary predication in passives.

Download Full-text

FUNGSI PELAKU DALAM KALIMAT PASIF BAHASA INDONESIA

Paramasastra ◽

10.26740/parama.v3i2.1526 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Suher M. Saidi

Keyword(s):

Reference Book ◽

Passive Voice ◽

Active Voice ◽

Voice Treatment ◽

Correct Function ◽

The Subject ◽

Syntactic Theories ◽

Bahasa Indonesia ◽

Active Sentence ◽

Descriptive Qualitative

Function actors in Indonesian passive sentences often escape discussion books Indonesian syntax. The discussion focused on the function of more active voice. Treatment of the passive voice is restricted to the existence of an active sentence. In some syntactic outstanding books in general, functions of the perpetrators not be discussed in a clear and detailed. The average of these books use the concept of the subject (actor) in the active sentence becomes the object (the perpetrator) if subjected to a passivating process. The purpose of this study demonstrate the concept of correct function in accordance with the rules of syntax Indonesian. This study uses descriptive qualitative reviewed the literature to examine the function of the perpetrator based on syntactic theories, especially theories on the book Raw Indonesian Grammar as the main reference book. In addition, other books about the theory of syntax also be literature studies. The results of this study describes that concept of the function of the sentence in the passive voice. The results of this study were 1) the function of the actors in the passive voice can serve as complementary actors, title, and description, 2) the object never appears in the passive voice

Download Full-text

AN ANALYSIS OF THE STUDENTS’ ERROR ON CHANGING ACTIVE VOICE TO PASSIVE VOICE

JURNAL ELINK ◽

10.30736/ej.v7i2.335 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 35

Author(s):

Mohammad Darohim

Keyword(s):

Boarding School ◽

Target Language ◽

Past Tense ◽

Passive Voice ◽

Active Voice ◽

Written Form ◽

The Subject ◽

Passive Sentence ◽

Present Tense ◽

Omission Errors

In passive voice, the subject receives the action of the verb. It is often used both in spoken and written form. For the learners, to change the active into passive voice of the target language is very confusing. The students usually make errors in building passive sentences as they ignore some aspects required in arranging best form of passive sentence. The students of El-Madani Islamic Boarding School Deket Lamongan were confused to change the verb in different tenses. The type of this research is descriptive quantitative. The research was chosen because this type of research defines what exist and may help to reveal new point and meaning. The survey and experiment, which were used in this research, was the phenomena of English errors passive sentences made by the students. The population of this research is all the students of El-Madani Modern Islamic Boarding School.The researcher used test and questionnaire to collect the data. The result of this study shows that (1) the kinds of errors commonly made by the students in changing active voice to passive voice are errors of omission, errors of addition, errors of miss-formation, and errors of miss-ordering (2) The students have difficulties in understanding passive voice especially in four tenses, simple present tense, simple past tense, present continuous tense and past continuous tense. (3) Factors which affect students’ ability in passive voice are: classroom atmosphere, lack of experience in using English, teacher’s explanation was not clear enough, the differences between passive voice in Bahasa and English. Keywords: Students’ errors, passive voice

Download Full-text

ASPEK-ASPEK GRAMATIKAL YANG TERLEWATKAN DALAM PENYUSUNAN TATA BAHASA INDONESIA

Adabiyyāt Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra ◽

10.14421/ajbs.2013.12107 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 134

Author(s):

I Wayan Pastika

Keyword(s):

Generative Grammar ◽

Real Object ◽

Controversial Issues ◽

Grammatical Structure ◽

Active Voice ◽

The Third ◽

Different Types ◽

The Subject ◽

Bahasa Indonesia

Many controversial issues on Indonesian grammar need to discuss to be more detail and four of the most crucial ones are: (a) the morphophonemic processes of the active voice marker, (b) the degree of transitivity for the causative and applicative, (c) the third passive other than di- and ter-, and (d) different types of reflexive. The classical Generative Grammar is applied to approach the first issue, while Typological theory is employed for the three other problems. The objective is to propose a new concept on how the grammatical structure is determined. The norm of morpheme for the active voice marker is meng- since it occurs with a wider distribution, while mem-, men-, meng-, me- and menge- occur in particular phonological environments. In the causative –kan and the applicative –i, the -kan is more transitive than the -i. The construction of OAV in this paper is called the third passive, other than the passive di- and ter-. For the reflexive, it has to be distinguished into transitive with a real Object and pseudo Object. The first type can be passived while the second type is not allowed. Reflexive also takes intransitive where the Subject is Doer and Undergoer at the same time.

Download Full-text

PERUBAHAN BENTUK KALIMAT PASIF BAHASA INGGRIS KE DALAM BAHASA INDONESIA PADA NOVEL MORNING, NOON AND NIGHT KARYA SIDNEY SHELDON

TELAGA BAHASA ◽

10.36843/tb.v5i1.123 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 107

Author(s):

Mohammad Rizqi

Keyword(s):

Qualitative Method ◽

Target Language ◽

The Novel ◽

Passive Voice ◽

Active Voice ◽

Source Language ◽

English Novel ◽

The Subject ◽

Text Content ◽

Bahasa Indonesia

This paper focused on English passive voice translation into Indonesian. An active voice is a sentence where the subject performs the action stated by the verb, and a passive voice is the subject is acted upon by the verb. The active voice that can be switched into a passive voice is an active voice that has an object. Thus, the sentence is a transitive form. The method used is a qualitative method by using a technique of text content analysis and the text are English novel and its translation in Indonesian novel. This research is an analysis description on the novel that included passive voice translation and structural shift. This paper explained the results of the study of the passive sentences of the source language (English) translated into Indonesian. The results of the study show that not all of the passive sentences of the source language can be translated in the form of passive sentences in target language. Instead, the passive sentences can be translated in the form of active sentences because of the meaning contained.

Download Full-text

The Translation of Passive Voice in Harry Potter Novel into Bahasa Indonesia

LINGUISTIK TERAPAN ◽

10.24114/lt.v12i1.2910 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Harry Sumbayu ◽

Amrin Saragih ◽

Syahron Lubis

Keyword(s):

Key Words ◽

Cultural Context ◽

Harry Potter ◽

Qualitative Approach ◽

Cultural Value ◽

Passive Voice ◽

Active Voice ◽

Source Language ◽

Lexical Categories ◽

Bahasa Indonesia

This study addresses the translation of passive voice in Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azakaban into Bahasa Indonesia. The study was based on descriptive qualitative approach. The data were collected by applying documentary techniques. There were three chapters taken as the source of the data. They were chapters 1, 8 and 15. The findings indicated that there were two types of passive voices as a product of passive voices’ translation in Bahasa Indonesia. The passive voice retained as passive one in TL was more dominantly translated into passive voice type one than type two in TL. It caused the use of prefix di+verb base, prefix di+verb base suffix i, and prefix di +verb base+ suffix+ kan are able to represent the meaning of the SL literally and culturally. The changing of English passive voice into Bahasa Indonesia active voice when they were translated indicated that the translator has attempted to find the closest natural equivalent of the source language in aspect of grammar, style, and cultural value. In essence naturalization rate of an expression is a matter of looking for matches in level lexical categories, grammatical categories, semantic, and cultural context. Key words: translation, passive voice, English, Bahasa Indonesia.

Download Full-text

Zur Pragmatik und Grammatik der Wissenschaftskommunikation. Ein Modellierungsvorschlag

Fachsprache ◽

10.24989/fs.v33i1-2.1380 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 33 (1-2) ◽

pp. 36-60

Author(s):

Mathilde Hennig ◽

Dániel Czicza

Keyword(s):

Language Variation ◽

Common Language ◽

Passive Voice ◽

The Subject ◽

The Relationship ◽

Communication In Science

The article aims to examine grammatical features and pragmatic concerns of communicating in the sciences. In the research of certain languages, it became common to explaingrammatical features such as the usage of passive voice and nominal structures by communication requirements such as objectivity and precision. With the assumption that communication in science is designed to help gain and spread new insight, the authors tried to integrate several approaches to pragmatic and grammatical features of communication. By discussing the relationship between the grammar of certain languages and of the corresponding common language, the article also places the subject of communication in the sciences in the discipline of language variation.

Download Full-text

Introduction

10.1093/oso/9780198823629.003.0001 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Chakravarthi Ram-Prasad

Keyword(s):

Philosophical Tradition ◽

Phenomenological Tradition ◽

The Third ◽

Western Philosophical Tradition ◽

The Subject ◽

To Come

The Introduction outlines the various chapters. It then situates the question of ‘body’ in the modern Western philosophical tradition following Descartes, and argues that this leaves subsequent responses to come under one of three options: metaphysical dualism of body and subject; any anti-dualist reductionism; or the overcoming of the divide. Describing the Phenomenology of Merleau-Ponty as a potent example of the third strategy, the Introduction then suggests his philosophy will function as foil to the ecological phenomenology developed and presented in the book. Moreover, one approach within the Western Phenomenological tradition, of treating phenomenology as a methodology for the clarification of experience (rather than the means to the determination of an ontology of the subject) is compared to the approach in this book. Since classical India, while understanding dualism, did not confront the challenge of Descartes (for better or for worse), its treatment of body follows a different trajectory.

Download Full-text

A LOOK INTO CIRCULAR ECONOMY RESEARCH: EXPLORING THE BIO AND TECHNO CYCLES AND THE NEED FOR DUAL CIRCULARITY

Proceedings of the Design Society ◽

10.1017/pds.2021.13 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 ◽

pp. 121-130

Author(s):

Julija Metic ◽

Tim C. McAloone ◽

Daniela C. A. Pigosso

Keyword(s):

Circular Economy ◽

Biological Cycle ◽

Systematic Analysis ◽

Technological Cycle ◽

Business Perspective ◽

Subject Areas ◽

The Subject ◽

To Come

AbstractThis study undertakes a systematic analysis of literature within Circular Economy (CE) in an industrial perspective, with a focus on understanding the consideration of the biological and technological cycles, as well as dual circularity. The paper articulates the key research differences, gaps and trends on the basis of publication evolution, key subject areas, influential journals and keywords co-occurrence mapping. The analysis shows the increasing publication trend with dominance of technological cycle and a wide variety of subject areas incorporated in CE biological, technological and dual cycles. Due to the multidisciplinary and transversal nature of CE, as well as its diverse interpretation and applications, an expansion and consolidation of the subject areas and journals are expected in the years to come. Analysis of co-occurrence on the authors' keywords underlined a limited focus of a business perspective research within the biological cycle, heterogeneous and proactive technological cycle but fragmented research on dual circularity. Further analysis of synergies and limitations is necessary to enhance business effectiveness towards enhanced sustainability.

Download Full-text