scholarly journals ASPEK-ASPEK GRAMATIKAL YANG TERLEWATKAN DALAM PENYUSUNAN TATA BAHASA INDONESIA

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 134
Author(s):  
I Wayan Pastika
Keyword(s):  
Generative Grammar ◽  
Real Object ◽  
Controversial Issues ◽  
Grammatical Structure ◽  
Active Voice ◽  
The Third ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Bahasa Indonesia

Many controversial issues on Indonesian grammar need to discuss to be more detail and four of the most crucial ones are: (a) the morphophonemic processes of the active voice marker, (b) the degree of transitivity for the causative and applicative, (c) the third passive other than di- and ter-, and (d) different types of reflexive. The classical Generative Grammar is applied to approach the first issue, while Typological theory is employed for the three other problems. The objective is to propose a new concept on how the grammatical structure is determined. The norm of morpheme for the active voice marker is meng- since it occurs with a wider distribution, while mem-, men-, meng-, me- and menge- occur in particular phonological environments. In the causative –kan and the applicative –i, the -kan is more transitive than the -i. The construction of OAV in this paper is called the third passive, other than the passive di- and ter-. For the reflexive, it has to be distinguished into transitive with a real Object and pseudo Object. The first type can be passived while the second type is not allowed. Reflexive also takes intransitive where the Subject is Doer and Undergoer at the same time.

scholarly journals EVOLUTION OF ABSOLUTE PARTICIPIAL CONSTRUCTION IN LANGUAGES OF ROMANCE, GERMANIC, AND SLAVIC GROUPS

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 1182-1192
Author(s):  
Yu.V. Bogoyavlenskaya
Keyword(s):  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Controversial Issues ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Binary Structure ◽  
Part Of Speech ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Logical Subject ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Absolute

The study was carried out within the framework of the current problems associated with the evolution of the absolute participial construction in several living and extinct languages of the Romance, Germanic and Slavic groups. The controversial issues, versions of the origin and development of the structure in these languages ("Latin", "Greek" and "autochthonous") are discussed. The structural and semantic features of the absolute participial construction are compared. It has been established that in the languages under study, the construction has a binary structure that includes a name (noun or pronoun) playing the role of a logical subject, and a participle in the role of a logical predicate. Together with the main sentence, the construction forms a paratactic syntactic complex, the constituents of which are not connected with each other by means of service words. Similarities include the ability to express definitively or syncretically temporary meaning; as for the differences, they are the expression in some languages of a causal, conditional, concessive, target, connecting meaning. Depending on the peculiarities of the development of grammatical systems of languages, the structure may include participles of different types, prepositions may be present, the structure may take both the general case form and another case fixed by the language for this type of structures. The words order, which can be either direct or inverse or depend on the transmitted meaning or part of speech of the subject, also differs in the languages. In conclusion, the necessity of further comprehensive analysis of this type of structures is substantiated.

scholarly journals FUNGSI PELAKU DALAM KALIMAT PASIF BAHASA INDONESIA

Paramasastra ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suher M. Saidi
Keyword(s):  
Reference Book ◽  
Passive Voice ◽  
Active Voice ◽  
Voice Treatment ◽  
Correct Function ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Syntactic Theories ◽  
Bahasa Indonesia ◽  
Active Sentence ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

Function actors in Indonesian passive sentences often escape discussion books Indonesian syntax. The discussion focused on the function of more active voice. Treatment of the passive voice is restricted to the existence of an active sentence. In some syntactic outstanding books in general, functions of the perpetrators not be discussed in a clear and detailed. The average of these books use the concept of the subject (actor) in the active sentence becomes the object (the perpetrator) if subjected to a passivating process. The purpose of this study demonstrate the concept of correct function in accordance with the rules of syntax Indonesian. This study uses descriptive qualitative reviewed the literature to examine the function of the perpetrator based on syntactic theories, especially theories on the book Raw Indonesian Grammar as the main reference book. In addition, other books about the theory of syntax also be literature studies. The results of this study describes that concept of the function of the sentence in the passive voice. The results of this study were 1) the function of the actors in the passive voice can serve as complementary actors, title, and description, 2) the object never appears in the passive voice

scholarly journals GRAMMATICAL STRUCTURE AND ITS EFFECT ON CHANGING THE LEXICAL SIGNIFICANCE

2021 ◽  
Vol 03 (02) ◽  
pp. 109-120
Author(s):  
Azza Adnan Ahmed EZZAT ◽  
Gayda Adiel Abed ALKADIR
Keyword(s):  
Grammatical Structure ◽  
Passive Voice ◽  
Morphological Form ◽  
Active Voice ◽  
Linguistic Study ◽  
The Subject ◽  
To Come ◽  
Lexical Study

The renewal in the lexical study depends on looking at the expressions and connotations it contains that are influenced by the context of what they are mentioned in as much as it relates to linguistic matters, such as changing the morphological form, or the multiplicity of the form of the source of the verb, or the construction of active voice and passive voice, or the infringement and imperative as well as the type of preposition infringement To come up with multiple connotations that correspond to those changes that are directly related to the context and what we can call (the semantic attribution) that is different from the grammatical attribution. In it, the connotation changes by changing the type of the subject or the predicate from masculine to feminine, and from singular to dual or plural, and from rational to non-rational, and from material to semantic or abstract to concrete and the like. According to all the above, it is not correct to separate the linguistic levels in any integrated linguistic study.

scholarly journals Upaya Mengatasi Kesulitan Memahami Bacaan pada Mata Pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia dengan Menggunakan Metode Cooperative Integrated Reading And Composition (CIRC) Studi pada Siswa Kelas IV SD Negeri 38 Rejang Lebong

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 171
Author(s):  
Margono Margono
Keyword(s):  
Action Research ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Research Use ◽  
The Third ◽  
Composition Method ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Bahasa Indonesia ◽  
Research Show ◽  
Class Iv ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

From the research that l’ve done that in class IV SDN 38 Rejang Lebong about the subject of Bahasa Indonesia still use the old method like speech method, so the understanding the students in reading. The Cooperative Integrated and Reading Composition method for the learning of bahasa Indonesia. This research use classromm action research using descriptive qualitative. The object of the research is the students of class IV SDN 38 Rejang Lebong. The learning process in Bahasa Indonesia using the CIRC model can done in 3 cycles. The result of the research show that the application of CIRC model for the understanding of the material of reading the intensif text can run effectively. The ability to read the understanding of the students are literal understanding, reorganizing and inferensial. The texts that are given to students have been swithched with the SMOG formula. The result of the study in cycle 1 has medium 69,5 and increase in the second cycle become 70 and increase in the third cycle with the medium 70,59. Based on this research can be suggested that this research well preparation and good attension in dividing a group task and avoid mistake in organizing the group and chosing the suitable text for the stidents based on their age.

scholarly journals PERUBAHAN BENTUK KALIMAT PASIF BAHASA INGGRIS KE DALAM BAHASA INDONESIA PADA NOVEL MORNING, NOON AND NIGHT KARYA SIDNEY SHELDON

TELAGA BAHASA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Mohammad Rizqi
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Target Language ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Passive Voice ◽  
Active Voice ◽  
Source Language ◽  
English Novel ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Text Content ◽  
Bahasa Indonesia

This paper focused on English passive voice translation into Indonesian. An active voice is a sentence where the subject performs the action stated by the verb, and a passive voice is the subject is acted upon by the verb. The active voice that can be switched into a passive voice is an active voice that has an object. Thus, the sentence is a transitive form. The method used is a qualitative method by using a technique of text content analysis and the text are English novel and its translation in Indonesian novel. This research is an analysis description on the novel that included passive voice translation and structural shift. This paper explained the results of the study of the passive sentences of the source language (English) translated into Indonesian. The results of the study show that not all of the passive sentences of the source language can be translated in the form of passive sentences in target language. Instead, the passive sentences can be translated in the form of active sentences because of the meaning contained.

scholarly journals SOME REMARKS CONCERNING THE REFERENCE OF MENTAL AND LANGUAGE REPRESENTATIONS

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (S1) ◽  
pp. 123-145
Author(s):  
Janina Buczkowska
Keyword(s):  
Complex Structure ◽  
Real Object ◽  
External Object ◽  
The Real ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Way

This paper is an attempt to answer the question, what is exactly represented by our thoughts or language expressions. At the beginning, the article presents the main philosophical problems regarding the understanding of the nature of the subject of reference of such representations as names or descriptions. Is the name directly referred to the real object or rather to the content of thought? What about cases when the name cannot be referred to the real object? What is the relation between the intentional subject connected with every name (or description) and the external object to which only some names can be referred to, and which one is prior to the constitution of representation? The idea to understand the subject of mental or language representations as a complex structure which has a relational nature is the solution proposed in this paper. This structure is constituted by cognition and ties internal elements of a given representation such as the content with the elements which are external with regard to this given representation. This structure reflects such elements as the content of representation, the way in which this content is given, the correlate of the content and its mode of existence as well as additional systemic information coordinated with given representation. Some consequences of this proposal are discussed at the end of the article. It is explained how the differentiation of the elements of this structure can lead to different types of reference. The basis to understand the issue in question is the relation between internal and external object of reference. It can be interpreted (as is suggested in the paper) as a connection between internal elements of the described structure.

scholarly journals Characteristics of the paradigm of the category of voice in the Old Saxon language

2018 ◽  
pp. 34-38
Author(s):  
О. В. Шапочкіна ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Old Saxon ◽  
Active Voice ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Categorical Constructions ◽  
Germanic Languages ◽  
The Voice

The article attempts to characterize the paradigm of the category of the voice of the Old Saxon language, based on the texts of the ancient saxon poem “The Savior” (“Heliand”). The author states that the category of the voice of the Old Saxon language was represented by pre-categorical inverse constructions with reflexive, reciprocal and inverse shades and participle passive constructions, namely copulative structures “to be / become” + II participle and non-copulative participle structures that broadcast different types of voice relations. It is proved that the active voice of the Old Saxon language was represented by the indicative (real voice), with the subject that was an active performer of the action. In particular, the active voice structures could be factual (agential). As in other Old Germanic languages, in the Old Saxon language the active voice expresses the reality of action, events, their prediction and shades of command. In particular, it is determined in the article that as an opposition of active voice were grammatical constructions that had shades of reversion (inverse, reciprocal, inverse), the so-called “branching” in shades of voice values: the actual inverse constructions, mutually reverse, indirectly reverse, ingressive, active-nonobjective. Shades of passivity were formed predominantly on the basis of pre-categorical constructions with the verbs “to be” / “to become” + participle II. In particular, in the corps of the ancient Saxon “Savior” there were a large number of non-copulative (free) structures with participle II, which could express passive or partiallypassive value. The author also notes that in addition to the typological distribution of the category of voice in the context of the opposition, “active-passive-reflexive”, in the Old Saxon paradigm of the category of voice there were observed subjective-objective relations, which in their turn had varieties: transformative, creative, addressive, factual, perceptual, emotional, instrumental.

scholarly journals Penerapan Metode Active debate dalam Meningkatkan Keterampilan Berbicara pada Mata Pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Zulyetti Zulyetti
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
Sixth Grade ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Learning Method ◽  
The Third ◽  
School Year ◽  
Active Debate ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Test Result ◽  
Bahasa Indonesia

This research aims at understanding factual depiction regarding implementation of learning method of active debate in improving speaking skills on the subject of Bahasa Indonesia at the sixth grade of Primary School 2 of Klieng, Aceh Besar Regency in 2012/ 2013 School Year. The research uses two cycles of the action research which are each cycle consists of four stages such as : planning, acting and observing, reflecting and revising. The object of the research is the 30 pupils of sixth grade of Primary School 2 of Kling, Aceh Besar Regency, Province of Aceh. The data collected here are test result, observation sheet of learning processes. In the first cycle the achieved average score was 6.57, as in the second cycle the average score climed to 7.57, and experienced an increasing again in third cycle on 8.33 score. Except the average score, the students activity also experienced elevating quality such as asking question at first cycle agregates 16.67 percent, then 10 percent at the second cycle, and 25 percent at the third cycle. Whereas responsing of clasmates askings, at the fist cycle agregates 21.67 percent, then 13.34 percent at the second cycle, and 18.43 at the third cycle. Furthemore aspect of paying attention on teacher explanation at the first cycle agregates 71.67 percent, then 85 percent at the second cycle, and finally 96.67 percent at the third cycle. While, aspect of discussion at the first cycle agregates 81.67 percent, then 86.67 percent at the second cycle, and 100 percent at the third cycle.

Point and planar defects in the iron sulfide compounds Fe1-xS

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 434-435
Author(s):  
Thao A. Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Direct Evidence ◽  
Iron Sulfide ◽  
Planar Defects ◽  
Selective Area ◽  
Vacancy Ordering ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Lattice Images ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Beam Lattice

It is well known that the large deviations from stoichiometry in iron sulfide compounds, Fe1-xS (0≤x≤0.125), are accommodated by iron vacancies which order and form superstructures at low temperatures. Although the ordering of the iron vacancies has been well established, the modes of vacancy ordering, hence superstructures, as a function of composition and temperature are still the subject of much controversy. This investigation gives direct evidence from many-beam lattice images of Fe1-xS that the 4C superstructure transforms into the 3C superstructure (Fig. 1) rather than the MC phase as previously suggested. Also observed are an intrinsic stacking fault in the sulfur sublattice and two different types of vacancy-ordering antiphase boundaries. Evidence from selective area optical diffractograms suggests that these planar defects complicate the diffraction pattern greatly.

UPAYA MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR IPA MELALUI PENGGUNAAN VIDEO PEMBELAJARAN BAGI SISWA KELAS IV DI SDN 187/IV KOTA JAMBI

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Juniar Siregar
Keyword(s):  
Action Research ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Research Report ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Classroom Action Research

This study presents a research report on improving students’ Learning results on IPA through Video. The objective was to find out whether students’ learning result improved when they are taught by using Video. It was conducted using classroom action research method. The subject of the study was the Grade IV students of SDN 187/IV Kota Jambi which is located on Jln. Adi Sucipto RT 05 Kecamatan Jambi Selatan, and the number of the students were 21 persons. The instruments used were test. In analyzing the data, the mean of the students’ score for the on fisrt sycle was 65,4 (42,85%) and the mean on cycle two was 68,5 (37,15%) and the mean of the third cycle was 81,4 (100%). Then it can be concluded that the use of video on learning IPA can improve the students’ learning result. It is suggested that teachers should use video as one of the media to improve students’ learning result on IPA.Keywords : IPA, students’ learning result, video

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