scholarly journals THE CONCEPT OF UTILITY IN CHARLES SANDERS PEIRCE'S PRAGMATISM

2021 ◽  
pp. 66-79
Author(s):  
Iskender Gaparov
Keyword(s):  
Research Topic ◽  
The Political ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Guiding Principle ◽  
Human Need ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Political Economic

The relevance of the research topic is determined by the variety of speculative interpretations of the concept of utility, as a rule, unrelated to the scope of ideas about their practical application. In the context of solving the problem of the interrelation of theoretical and practical aspects of the concept of utility, an overview of the ways of its definition in the work of C.S. Pierce is given. The prerequisites for the emergence of a synthetic understanding of the utility are considered. A critique of the political economic and utilitarian teachings is undertaken, in which the utility is understood as: 1) the ability of a good or commodity to satisfy any human need; 2) the guiding principle for the pursuit of social happiness. As a conclusion, attention is drawn to the actual Peirce definition of utility, consistent with the "unity of apperception", according to which something is recognized as useful (or possessing it) if, when exposed to a thinking being, it causes a reaction consistent with the expected consequences from it.

scholarly journals Vaksin Covid-19: Perdebatan, Persepsi dan Pilihan

Emik ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-174
Author(s):  
Lula Asri Octafia
Keyword(s):  
Employment Status ◽  
State Policies ◽  
The Political ◽  
Vaccination Programs ◽  
Metropolitan Cities ◽  
Depth Interview ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Cultural Defense

The current Covid-19 pandemic has had an impact on the political, economic, social, cultural, defense and security aspects as well as the welfare of the Indonesian people. Therefore, effective fast steps are needed to break the chain of the spread of Covid-19. One way to prevent transmission of this virus is through vaccination efforts. While the existing literature focuses more on State policies, public responses related to the effectiveness and safety of vaccines, as well as hoax news related to vaccines, the related literature on vaccines and the choice of vaccine if any is still very limited, this article fills that gap. This qualitative research was carried out in Makassar, considering that Makassar is one of the metropolitan cities and many of its people has been vaccinated through Covid-19 vaccination programs. Data was collected using in-depth interview. Informants who participated in this study were people who had and had not carried out the Covid-19 vaccination. With a total of twenty-five people, they vary on the basis of age (between 18 and 29 years), sex (18 women and 7 men), and employment status (ten of them are students, employees, online shop owners, editors, musicians, painters, work odd jobs, and labor). The results show that the emergence of the Covid-19 vaccine has become the subject of public debate, many agreed and not a few refused to be vaccinated. This debate is due to differences in perceptions regarding the definition of the Covid-19 vaccine and the benefits of the vaccine itself. In terms of what type of vacciness they are used, there are three types of vaccines that are popularly used by our participants in this study, namely Sinovac, Astra Zeneca, and Moderna. Apart from the debate about the level of efficacy of each vaccine, the choice of vaccine is related to the level of efficacy, side effects and availability of the vaccine itself. It is argued in this article that whatever the effect of a particular vaccine, as long as the side effect is balanced by its efficacy, then the effect is not an issue.

scholarly journals Mediation in criminal proceedings

2021 ◽  
pp. 308-312
Author(s):  
P.D. Denisyuk
Keyword(s):  
Restorative Justice ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Criminal Procedure ◽  
Research Topic ◽  
The Political ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
Political Will ◽  
The Status ◽  
Scientific Reflection ◽  
Definition Of

Іn the article the author investigates the institute of mediation, which acquires its development not only in civil and commercial proceedings, but also in criminal proceedings and is a manifestation of the concept of restorative justice. As a confirmation of the relevance of the research topic, judicial statistics of consideration of materials of criminal proceedings on the basis of agreements by courts of first instance are given, which confirms the necessity and importance of such a legal institution.The norms of international normative legal acts, where the institute of mediation was embodied, are analyzed. Also are considered the main provisions on the application of agreements in the criminal procedure legislation of Ukraine. It was stated that mediation is possible within the framework of the conciliation agreement.The opinion is expressed that the application of the relevant legal institution in criminal proceedings will facilitate the adoption of a special law «Mediation» and analyzed the lawmaking in this area. The next step could be amending the criminal procedure legislation of Ukraine. Number of issues need to be clarified, including: what will be the status of a mediator in criminal proceedings (his rights and responsibilities, guarantees of independence, etc.); what is the procedural order of mediation; what is the procedural form of completion of the mediation procedure and some others.Particular attention is paid to the definition of a person who can be a mediator and his legal status in criminal proceedings. The positions of scientists who believe that mediators can be prosecutors, lawyers and psychologists are considered. The opinion was expressed regarding the acquisition of special education by such a person and the acquisition of relevant knowledge and skills.It is concluded that the punitive-repressive approach to counteracting the commission of crimes is not effective enough, so it is necessary to introduce mechanisms of alternative conflict resolution procedures, in particular, medi-ation. At the same time, implementation of mediation requires further scientific reflection and discussion, as well as the political will of the legislator to adopt the relevant law and amend the criminal procedure legislation.

scholarly journals Inclusive Development of Ukraine as a System

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (46) ◽  
pp. 75-81
Author(s):  
A. I. Pavlov ◽  
◽  
S. M. Didukh ◽  
Keyword(s):  
National Level ◽  
Spatial Dimension ◽  
Inclusive Development ◽  
The Political ◽  
Current State ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Inclusive Society ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Ukrainian Society

The purpose of the article is to improve the scientific understanding of the essence of the categorical apparatus of inclusiveness and define the inclusive development of Ukraine as a system in its spatial dimension, sectoral and sectoral sections, political, economic, social and spiritual manifestations. It is determined that the systemic challenge caused by the global economic crisis, exacerbated by the epidemic of coronavirus infection, has focused on the problem of overcoming poverty and socio-economic inequality at both global and national levels, which in turn raises the issue of society's transition to principles. inclusiveness. It is substantiated that the issue of transformation of the model of development of society has become important against the background of the contradictory development of globalization, associated with the widening gap between the countries of the center of the world system and countries on its periphery. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the definition of stages, directions of creating the preconditions for inclusiveness, and in substantiating the systemic idea of inclusive development of Ukraine. To reveal the essence and structure of inclusive development of Ukraine, an analysis of the scientific discourse related to the categorical apparatus of research was carried out. An analysis of inclusive development was conducted based on the identification of paired dichotomies that reveal the essence and direction of this process. The rating of Ukraine according to the index of inclusive development among the developing country is presented. A systematic idea of inclusive development of Ukraine is formed, the components of which are inclusion as a social phenomenon, inclusive development as a process, its elements (objects) and result. Problems that have their manifestation at the national level, in the spatial dimension, sectoral and sectoral sections, in the political, economic, social, spiritual spheres of public life, and are certain obstacles to the formation of an inclusive society, prospects for social development based on inclusiveness. Prospects for further scientific research are in the plane of substantiation of the domestic model of inclusive development, which would take into account the specifics and current state of Ukrainian society.

The Fatwā Debated? Shūrā in one Indonesian Context

2005 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Laffan
Keyword(s):  
General Meeting ◽  
The State ◽  
The Political ◽  
Executive Board ◽  
Guiding Principle ◽  
Close Observation ◽  
Nahdlatul Ulama ◽  
Definition Of

AbstractIn July 2002 I attended a series of consultative iftā sessions, known as Bahsul Masail, held at a general meeting convened by Nahdlatul Ulama (NU), an Islamic organisation that represents traditionalist fiqh in Indonesia. Based upon close observation of the sessions, I show how consultation with the lay membership of NU impacted upon four fatwās drafted by the executive. These fatwās discuss NU's guiding principle, its definition of the Ahl al-Sunna wa'l-Jamā'a, the call for Sharīa to be adopted by the state, and the permissibility of suicide bombs as a weapon of war. I argue that although the NU membership may apply pressure to discuss an issue or to call for a fatwā and their voices may well alter the phrasing of a fatwā, the resulting declarations are largely shaped by the political concerns of its executive board.

Types of institutional discourse in a foreign language teaching

2020 ◽  
pp. 29-36
Author(s):  
Ivan S. Dronov
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Social Institution ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Institutional Discourse ◽  
Communication Situation ◽  
Human Need ◽  
Institutional Types ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Political Economic

The continuity and intensity of the process of society development is determined by the human need for socialization. At the present stage of its existence, social institutions are directly related not only to the process of communication, but also to certain areas of scientific knowledge. We propose the definition of the term “discourse”, which is understood as a set of sequentially in-terconnected in the sense of communication acts produced by the communicants in the context of a given communication situation. The implementation of certain types of discourse in the educational process contributes to the development of components of foreign language communicative competence among students. The institutional discourse studied at the center of scientific research is presented as a complex, normatively organized communicative phenomenon that exists in the context of a particular social institution and contributes to the development of social and cultural, linguistic and speech competencies among students. We conduct an analysis of some types of institutional discourse – political, economic and military. We use aim, chronotope, participants and genres as the basic elements of the characteristics in the analysis. It is noted that, despite a certain difference in the characteristics of institutional types and a wide variety of their genre interpretations, the priority goal, regardless of the given communication situation, will be unchanged. We differentiate into a priority goal and an additional one, which is realized in the context of a specific communication situation. We also note the methodic potential of the institutional discourse implementation on the example of political, economic and military types.

Leisurely Islam

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lara Deeb ◽  
Mona Harb
Keyword(s):  
Political Context ◽  
The Political ◽  
Religious Leaders ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Moral Norms ◽  
Spatial Practices ◽  
Class Mobility ◽  
Political Economic

South Beirut has recently become a vibrant leisure destination with a plethora of cafés and restaurants that cater to the young, fashionable, and pious. What effects have these establishments had on the moral norms, spatial practices, and urban experiences of this Lebanese community? From the diverse voices of young Shi'i Muslims searching for places to hang out, to the Hezbollah officials who want this media-savvy generation to be more politically involved, to the religious leaders worried that Lebanese youth are losing their moral compasses, this book provides a sophisticated and original look at leisure in the Lebanese capital. What makes a café morally appropriate? How do people negotiate morality in relation to different places? And under what circumstances might a pious Muslim go to a café that serves alcohol? This book highlights tensions and complexities exacerbated by the presence of multiple religious authorities, a fraught sectarian political context, class mobility, and a generation that takes religion for granted but wants to have fun. The book elucidates the political, economic, religious, and social changes that have taken place since 2000, and examines leisure's influence on Lebanese sociopolitical and urban situations. Asserting that morality and geography cannot be fully understood in isolation from one another, the book offers a colorful new understanding of the most powerful community in Lebanon today.

State Failure and the Political Violence Phenomenon: A Comparative Analysis of Iraq and Syria Cases

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 170 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Eylem Özkaya Lassalle
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
Political Violence ◽  
State Failure ◽  
The Political ◽  
Collective Violence ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Cold War

The concept of failed state came to the fore with the end of the Cold War, the collapse of the USSR and the disintegration of Yugoslavia. Political violence is central in these discussions on the definition of the concept or the determination of its dimensions (indicators). Specifically, the level of political violence, the type of political violence and intensity of political violence has been broached in the literature. An effective classification of political violence can lead us to a better understanding of state failure phenomenon. By using Tilly’s classification of collective violence which is based on extent of coordination among violent actors and salience of short-run damage, the role played by political violence in state failure can be understood clearly. In order to do this, two recent cases, Iraq and Syria will be examined.

Negative Media Effects and Islamic Remedies (Penyelesaian Kepada Kesan Negatif Media Menurut Perspektif Islam)

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 215
Author(s):  
Mohd. Shuhaimi Ishak
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Social Influences ◽  
The Political ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Essential Form ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Government ◽  
Effects Of Media ◽  
Political Economic

 Abstract Generally speaking, media is extensively used as the means to disseminate news and information pertaining to business, social, political and religious concerns. A portion of the time and space of media has now become an important device to generate economic and social activities that include advertising, marketing, recreation and entertainment. The Government regards them as an essential form of relaying news and information to its citizens and at the same time utilizes them as a powerful public relations’ mechanism. The effects of media are many and diverse, which can either be short or long term depending on the news and information. The effects of media can be found on various fronts, ranging from the political, economic and social, to even religious spheres. Some of the negative effects arising from the media are cultural and social influences, crimes and violence, sexual obscenities and pornography as well as liberalistic and extreme ideologies. This paper sheds light on these issues and draws principles from Islam to overcome them. Islam as revealed to humanity contains the necessary guidelines to nurture and mould the personality of individuals and shape them into good servants. Key Words: Media, Negative Effects, Means, Islam and Principles. Abstrak Secara umum, media secara meluas digunakan sebagai sarana untuk menyebarkan berita dan maklumat yang berkaitan dengan perniagaan, kemasyarakatan, pertimbangan politik dan agama. Sebahagian dari ruang dan masa media kini telah menjadi peranti penting untuk menghasilkan kegiatan ekonomi dan sosial yang meliputi pengiklanan, pemasaran, rekreasi dan hiburan. Kerajaan menganggap sarana-sarana ini sebagai wadah penting untuk menyampaikan berita dan maklumat kepada warganya dan pada masa yang sama juga menggunakannya sebagai mekanisme perhubungan awam yang berpengaruh. Pengaruh media sangat banyak dan pelbagai, samada berbentuk jangka pendek atau panjang bergantung kepada berita dan maklumat yang brekenaan. Kesan dari media boleh didapati mempengaruhi pelbagai aspek, bermula dari bidang politik, ekonomi, sosial bahkan juga agama. Beberapa kesan negatif yang timbul dari media ialah pengaruhnya terhadap budaya dan sosial, jenayah dan keganasan, kelucahan seksual dan pornografi serta ideologi yang liberal dan ekstrim. Kertas ini menyoroti isu-isu ini dan cuba mengambil prinsip-prinsip dari ajaran Islam untuk mengatasinya. Tujuan Islam itu sendiri diturunkan kepada umat manusia ialah untuk menjadi pedoman yang diperlukan untuk membina dan membentuk keperibadian individu dan menjadikan manusia hamba yang taat kepada Tuhannya. Kata Kunci: Media, Kesan Negatif, Cara-cara, Islam dan Prinsip-prinsip.

POWER TECHNOLOGIES OF THE ORGANIZATIONAL MODEL OF FRENCH REGIONAL POLICY

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.L. LEBEDEVA
Keyword(s):  
Political Institutions ◽  
Regional Policy ◽  
Political Process ◽  
Research Topic ◽  
The Political ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
Policy Model ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Political Relations ◽  
Comprehensive Study

The purpose of writing this article is to highlight the features of organization of the regional policy in France on the basis of the theoretical understanding of the concepts of regional policy, model of regional policy and policy analogy. The research topic is the content of the French policy of organizing a regional political space. The object of the research is the power technologies of regional policy. The systemstructural method, which considers political relations as an integral system of interconnections of phenomena and events of the political process, makes it possible to determine the main essential content of this research topic. Institutional approach involves the study of political institutions and their content. An analysis of Russian and foreign sources suggests that the main issue posed in the article is relevant at the present stage of development. The study is made possible on the basis of existing research. A comprehensive study of the conceptual theoretical characteristics of the regional policy as such allowed the author to identify the model and features of the political toolkit for the organization of thecenterregions relations in modern French Republic.

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