scholarly journals Antibiotic Susceptibility ofStaphylococcus aureusin Atopic Dermatitis: Current Prevalence of Methicillin-ResistantStaphylococcus aureusin Korea and Treatment Strategies

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mi-Young Jung ◽  
Jong-Youn Chung ◽  
Hae-Young Lee ◽  
Jiho Park ◽  
Dong-Youn Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Current Prevalence

scholarly journals Current Insights into Immunology and Novel Therapeutics of Atopic Dermatitis

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1392
Author(s):  
Hidaya A. Kader ◽  
Muhammad Azeem ◽  
Suhib A. Jwayed ◽  
Aaesha Al-Shehhi ◽  
Attia Tabassum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Food Allergies ◽  
Th2 Response ◽  
Therapeutic Outcomes ◽  
Environmental Agents ◽  
Novel Treatment Strategies

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is one of the most prevalent inflammatory disease among non-fatal skin diseases, affecting up to one fifth of the population in developed countries. AD is characterized by recurrent pruritic and localized eczema with seasonal fluctuations. AD initializes the phenomenon of atopic march, during which infant AD patients are predisposed to progressive secondary allergies such as allergic rhinitis, asthma, and food allergies. The pathophysiology of AD is complex; onset of the disease is caused by several factors, including strong genetic predisposition, disrupted epidermal barrier, and immune dysregulation. AD was initially characterized by defects in the innate immune system and a vigorous skewed adaptive Th2 response to environmental agents; there are compelling evidences that the disorder involves multiple immune pathways. Symptomatic palliative treatment is the only strategy to manage the disease and restore skin integrity. Researchers are trying to more precisely define the contribution of different AD genotypes and elucidate the role of various immune axes. In this review, we have summarized the current knowledge about the roles of innate and adaptive immune responsive cells in AD. In addition, current and novel treatment strategies for the management of AD are comprehensively described, including some ongoing clinical trials and promising therapeutic agents. This information will provide an asset towards identifying personalized targets for better therapeutic outcomes.

scholarly journals Genetic and Epigenetic Aspects of Atopic Dermatitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (18) ◽  
pp. 6484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bogusław Nedoszytko ◽  
Edyta Reszka ◽  
Danuta Gutowska-Owsiak ◽  
Magdalena Trzeciak ◽  
Magdalena Lange ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Structural Proteins ◽  
Epigenetic Changes ◽  
Epigenetic Alterations ◽  
Adaptive Immune ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Non Coding Rnas

Atopic dermatitis is a heterogeneous disease, in which the pathogenesis is associated with mutations in genes encoding epidermal structural proteins, barrier enzymes, and their inhibitors; the role of genes regulating innate and adaptive immune responses and environmental factors inducing the disease is also noted. Recent studies point to the key role of epigenetic changes in the development of the disease. Epigenetic modifications are mainly mediated by DNA methylation, histone acetylation, and the action of specific non-coding RNAs. It has been documented that the profile of epigenetic changes in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) differs from that observed in healthy people. This applies to the genes affecting the regulation of immune response and inflammatory processes, e.g., both affecting Th1 bias and promoting Th2 responses and the genes of innate immunity, as well as those encoding the structural proteins of the epidermis. Understanding of the epigenetic alterations is therefore pivotal to both create new molecular classifications of atopic dermatitis and to enable the development of personalized treatment strategies.

scholarly journals Computational design of treatment strategies for proactive therapy on atopic dermatitis using optimal control theory

2017 ◽  
Vol 375 (2096) ◽  
pp. 20160285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panayiotis Christodoulides ◽  
Yoshito Hirata ◽  
Elisa Domínguez-Hüttinger ◽  
Simon G. Danby ◽  
Michael J. Cork ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Control ◽  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Differential Evolution Algorithm ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Disease Status ◽  
Computational Design ◽  
Optimal Treatment ◽  
Computational Method ◽  
Mathematical Methods ◽  
Proactive Therapy

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common chronic skin disease characterized by recurrent skin inflammation and a weak skin barrier, and is known to be a precursor to other allergic diseases such as asthma. AD affects up to 25% of children worldwide and the incidence continues to rise. There is still uncertainty about the optimal treatment strategy in terms of choice of treatment, potency, duration and frequency. This study aims to develop a computational method to design optimal treatment strategies for the clinically recommended ‘proactive therapy’ for AD. Proactive therapy aims to prevent recurrent flares once the disease has been brought under initial control. Typically, this is done by using an anti-inflammatory treatment such as a potent topical corticosteroid intensively for a few weeks to ‘get control’, followed by intermittent weekly treatment to suppress subclinical inflammation to ‘keep control’. Using a hybrid mathematical model of AD pathogenesis that we recently proposed, we computationally derived the optimal treatment strategies for individual virtual patient cohorts, by recursively solving optimal control problems using a differential evolution algorithm. Our simulation results suggest that such an approach can inform the design of optimal individualized treatment schedules that include application of topical corticosteroids and emollients, based on the disease status of patients observed on their weekly hospital visits. We demonstrate the potential and the gaps of our approach to be applied to clinical settings. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Mathematical methods in medicine: neuroscience, cardiology and pathology’.

scholarly journals Targeted Screening of Lactic Acid Bacteria With Antibacterial Activity Toward Staphylococcus aureus Clonal Complex Type 1 Associated With Atopic Dermatitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ida B. Christensen ◽  
Charlotte Vedel ◽  
Maja-Lisa Clausen ◽  
Søren Kjærulff ◽  
Tove Agner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Clonal Complex ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Complex Type

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common inflammatory skin disease characterized by an epidermal barrier impairment, as well as a Th2/Th22-skewed immune response, both favoring skin colonization with Staphylococcus aureus. Colonization is strongly related to severity of the disease, and a reduction of S. aureus has been found to alleviate symptoms. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) produce antimicrobial compounds such as organic acids and bacteriocins and are widely used as probiotics. The aim of this study was to isolate LAB and screen for antibacterial effect specifically toward S. aureus clonal complex type 1. A total of 680 LAB were isolated from fermented vegetables and swab samples from healthy volunteers (vaginal, stool and skin). Screening for antibacterial activity toward S. aureus, narrowed the field of isolates down to four LAB strains with high antibacterial activity. The activity varied according to the specific LAB strain and the origin of the strain. The results suggested different modes of action, including co-aggregation, expression of bacteriocins and production of specific organic acids. However, the ability to acidify the surroundings appeared as the main effect behind inhibition of S. aureus. Broth microdilution assays showed a significant reduction of S. aureus growth when using down to 10% cell free supernatant (CFS). Our results underline the use of specific living LAB or their CFS as potential future treatment strategies to reduce S. aureus colonization of AD skin.

Marfan syndrome in combination with severe atopic dermatitis: importance of early diagnosis and treatment of patients with allergic dermatitis in childhood

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-73
Author(s):  
P.G. Svist ◽  
◽  
E.V. Orlova ◽  
L.M. Smirnova ◽  
S.S. Parshintseva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Marfan Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Hereditary Diseases ◽  
Severe Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Key Words Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Effective Treatment Regimen

We report a case of a rare combination of Marfan syndrome and severe atopic dermatitis (AD) in a 32-year-old male patient. He developed AD in early childhood and then had a relapse at the age of 18 years caused by stress. After this, AD became severe due to stress associated with aortic aneurysmectomy. The patient also had side effects caused by steroids, including multiple pustular eruptions, Kaposi's varicelliform eruption, edema and hyperemia of the periorbital area, pain and swelling of the small joints of the hands. These side effects, as well as specific cardiovascular symptoms typical of Marfan syndrome necessitated the search for alternative treatment strategies for severe AD. Eventually, we managed to find an effective treatment regimen that caused no side effects or adverse events, while the symptoms subsided. This case demonstrates the importance of early AD diagnosis in childhood in order to prevent its transition into severe chronic form that can hardly be managed in adulthood. Key words: atopic dermatitis, children, diagnostic criteria, clinical manifestations, hereditary diseases, Marfan syndrome

scholarly journals Eosinophil oesophagitis étrendi és gyógyszeres vonatkozásai

2015 ◽  
Vol 156 (23) ◽  
pp. 927-932
Author(s):  
Dorottya Kocsis ◽  
Zsolt Tulassay ◽  
Márk Juhász
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Lamina Propria ◽  
Eosinophilic Esophagitis ◽  
Inflammatory Infiltrate ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Dietary Modification ◽  
Food Impaction ◽  
First Line ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Eosinophilic esophagitis is considered to be a chronic antigen-driven disease whereby food and/or aeroallergens induce a chronic inflammatory infiltrate in the esophagus leading to pathological hyperplasia of the epithelial and muscular layers, fibrosis of the lamina propria and symptoms of dysphagia and food impaction. Eosinophilic esophagitis is often associated with other allergic diseases such as asthma or atopic dermatitis. Current first line treatments of the disease include strict dietary modification and topical anti-inflammatory steroids. In this review the authors summarize currently available treatment strategies of eosinophilic esophagitis. Orv. Hetil, 2015, 156(23), 927–932.

scholarly journals Can serum biomarkers predict the outcome of systemic therapy for atopic dermatitis?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillem Hurault ◽  
Evelien Roekevisch ◽  
Mandy E. Schram ◽  
Krisztina Szegedi ◽  
Sanja Kezic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Systemic Therapy ◽  
Measurement Errors ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Predictive Performance ◽  
Historical Record ◽  
Statistical Machine Learning ◽  
Minimum Detectable Change ◽  
Severity Scores ◽  
Personalised Treatment

SUMMARYBackgroundAtopic dermatitis (AD or eczema) is a most common chronic skin disease. Designing personalised treatment strategies for AD based on patient stratification, rather than the “one-size-fits-all” treatments, is of high clinical relevance. It has been hypothesised that the measurement of biomarkers could help predict therapeutic response for individual patients.ObjectiveWe aim to assess whether biomarkers can predict the outcome of systemic therapy.MethodsWe developed a statistical machine learning predictive model using the data of an already published longitudinal study of 42 patients who received systemic therapy. The data contained 26 serum cytokines measured before the therapy. The model described the dynamics of the latent disease severity and measurement errors to predict AD severity scores (EASI, (o)SCORAD and POEM) two-weeks ahead. We conducted feature selection to identify the most important biomarkers for predicting the AD severity scores.ResultsWe validated our model and confirmed that it outperformed standard time-series forecasting models. Adding biomarkers did not improve predictive performance. Our estimates of the minimum detectable change for the AD severity scores were larger than already published estimates of the minimal clinically important difference.ConclusionsBiomarkers had a negligible and non-significant effect for predicting the future AD severity scores and the outcome of the systemic therapy. Instead, a historical record of severity scores provides rich and insightful dynamical information required for prediction of therapeutic responses.

scholarly journals Identification and Antibiotic Susceptibility of Blood Culture Isolates from Rajshahi, Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Tamanna Zerin ◽  
Ariful Islam ◽  
Sabera Gulnahar ◽  
Noor E Farjana ◽  
Mosammat Asia Begum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Culture ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Bacteriological Profile ◽  
Microbiological Methods ◽  
Study Results

Purpose: As bloodstream infection is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality, the surveillance study is required to continuously monitor the pattern of infection and antibiotic resistance. Our study aimed to detect the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of bacteria isolated from patients in Rajshahi, Bangladesh. Subjects and Methods: This study was conducted over 2 years from January 2019 to December 2020 with a total of 1,367 suspected hemocultures of inward and outward patients in Rajshahi medical college hospital, Rajshahi, Bangladesh. The standard microbiological methods were used in this study. Results: Out of overall 35% positive growth, 34% and 37% showed blood culture infection in the year 2019 and 2020, respectively. Females (55%) were found higher than males (45%). The patients were the highest in the age group 0-10 years (46%) but the number of infections rapidly decreased in the age 11-20 years (21%) followed by a gradual reduction of infection with the increasing age. All the infections were occurred due to single culture and E. coli was accounted as the most frequent infection (39.09%) followed by Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albican, Klebsiella pneumonia, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Salmonella spp., Streptococcus viridans and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Higher sensitivity towards Cefepime, and Meropenem was demonstrated by both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bloodborne bacteria. A terrifying scenario was that a great number of those isolates showed resistance towards 4, 6, and more than 6 antibiotics, respectively. Conclusion: Our local work on bacteriological profile and antibiogram might help to rationalize empiric treatment strategies.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document