Determinanten van arbeidsongevallen in Nederland: verschillen tussen een retrospectieve en prospectieve onderzoeksopzet

Determinants of occupational accidents in the Netherlands; differences between a retrospective and a prospective study design Determinants of occupational accidents in the Netherlands; differences between a retrospective and a prospective study design Research into the causes of occupational accidents is largely cross-sectional in nature, and has the limitation of possible reversed causality, as the consequences of occupational accidents can be interpreted as causes of the accidents. The current article examines the actual predictors of occupational accidents in the Netherlands using a prospective research design, and compares these predictors with the determinants of occupational accidents from a cross-sectional research design. To this end, longitudinal data from 9,889 employees who participated the Netherlands Working Conditions Cohort Study were analyzed. The results show that the differences in the determinants of occupational accidents in the past (retrospective) and the future (prospective) are limited. The factors that predict accidents are often similar to the factors associated with accidents that workers in the past have had. There are some factors that are an exception and are retrospectively, but not prospectively associated with the occurrence of an accident. Possibly, these are examples of reversed causality. The results moreover show which factors are actual prospective predictors of occupational accidents, and are therefore targets for policymakers and businesses for the prevention of occupational accidents.

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A Molecular Epidemiology Project on Diet and Cancer: The Epic-Italy Prospective Study. Design and Baseline Characteristics of Participants

Tumori Journal ◽

10.1177/030089160308900602 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 89 (6) ◽

pp. 586-593 ◽

Cited By ~ 93

Author(s):

Domenico Palli ◽

Franco Berrino ◽

Paolo Vineis ◽

Rosario Tumino ◽

Salvatore Panico ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prospective Study ◽

Study Design ◽

Life Style ◽

Dietary Habits ◽

Baseline Characteristics ◽

Diet And Cancer ◽

A Prospective Study ◽

Risk Of Cancer ◽

Prospective Study Design

EPIC-Italy is the Italian section of a larger project known as EPIC (European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition), a prospective study on diet and cancer carried out in 10 European countries. In the period 1993-1998, EPIC-Italy completed the recruitment of 47,749 volunteers (15,171 men, 32,578 women, aged 35-65 years) in 4 different areas covered by cancer registries: Varese (12,083 volunteers) and Turin (10,604) in the Northern part of the country; Florence (13,597) and Ragusa (6,403) in Central and Southern Italy, respectively. An associate center in Naples enrolled 5,062 women. Detailed information for each individual volunteer about diet and life-style habits, anthropometric measurements and a blood sample was collected, after signing an informed consent form. A food frequency questionnaire specifically developed for the Italian dietary pattern was tested in a pilot phase. A computerized data base with the dietary and lifestyle information of each participant was completed. Blood samples were processed in the same day of collection, aliquoted (RBC, WBC, serum and plasma) and stored in liquid nitrogen containers. Follow-up procedures were validated and implemented for the identification of newly diagnosed cancer cases. Cancer incidence was related to dietary habits and biochemical markers of food consumption and individual susceptibility in order to test the role of diet-related exposure in the etiology of cancer and its interaction with other environmental or genetic determinants. The comparability of information in a prospective study design is much higher than in other studies. The availability of such a large biological bank linked to individual data on dietary and life-style exposures also provides the unique opportunity of evaluating the role of selected genotypes involved in the metabolism of chemical compounds and DNA repair, potentially related to the risk of cancer, in residents of geographic areas of Italy characterized by specific cancer risk and different dietary patterns. Baseline characteristics of participants are briefly described.

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Simulated Role-playing in Pharmacy

International Journal of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance ◽

10.25258/ijpqa.11.1.27 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 11 (01) ◽

pp. 74-82

Author(s):

Elham Alshammari

Keyword(s):

Prospective Study ◽

Communication Skills ◽

Study Design ◽

Role Play ◽

Role Playing ◽

Active Participation ◽

Pharmacy Students ◽

A Prospective Study ◽

Prospective Study Design ◽

First Time

Role-play refers to a situation that allows learners to examine realistic situations by interacting with other individuals in a controlled way to develop experience and try different strategies within a supported environment. Depending on the objective of the activity, learners may play a role that is related to their own or could take on an opposite part as well. In this study, the author sought to investigate the satisfaction and perception of pharmacy students toward role-playing. The study used a prospective study design and collected data from students at Princes Nourah bint Abdulrahman University (PNU). The researcher used a rubric that allowed the learners to select their responses as either “Poor,” “Average,” “Proficient,” or “Excellent.” The rubric was distributed to 6th level pharmacy students who experienced role-play for the first time in a classroom session. The findings showed that role play helped in the development of professional skills, recognized possible arguments and solutions, facilitated better understanding, developed the confidence of the learners, enhanced their communication skills, promoted effective discussion, and encouraged active participation. These observations were discussed in light of past studies that have focused on the domain of role-playing. Based on these findings, the study recommends the use of simulation and role-play in teaching pharmacy programs.

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The clinical evaluation of new drugs for sepsis. A prospective study design based on survival analysis

JAMA ◽

10.1001/jama.270.10.1233 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 270 (10) ◽

pp. 1233-1241 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

W. A. Knaus

Keyword(s):

Survival Analysis ◽

Prospective Study ◽

Study Design ◽

Clinical Evaluation ◽

New Drugs ◽

A Prospective Study ◽

Prospective Study Design

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Northern Shanghai Study: cardiovascular risk and its associated factors in the Chinese elderly—a study protocol of a prospective study design

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2016-013880 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. e013880 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Hongwei Ji ◽

Jing Xiong ◽

Shikai Yu ◽

Chen Chi ◽

Ximin Fan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Risk ◽

Prospective Study ◽

Study Design ◽

Study Protocol ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Chinese Elderly ◽

A Prospective Study ◽

Prospective Study Design

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Customised gold weight eyelid implantation in paralytic lagophthalmos

The Journal of Laryngology & Otology ◽

10.1017/s0022215108001886 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 122 (10) ◽

pp. 1088-1091 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

N Jayashankar ◽

K P Morwani ◽

M J Shaan ◽

S R Bhatia ◽

K T Patil

Keyword(s):

Visual Acuity ◽

Prospective Study ◽

Study Design ◽

Study Group ◽

Upper Eyelid ◽

Eyelid Closure ◽

Gold Weight ◽

One Year ◽

A Prospective Study

AbstractGold eyelid implantation is widely considered the procedure of choice to reanimate the upper eyelid in paralytic lagophthalmos. Commercially supplied implants are not readily available in all places and are sometimes cumbersome to import.Objective:We aimed to devise a method whereby every surgeon performing gold eyelid implantation could have easy and quick access to the implant. Furthermore, we aimed to develop a means of creating an implant of the exact weight required for complete eyelid closure.Study design and setting:A prospective study was performed from 1997 to 2005 in a tertiary research hospital, involving 50 subjects requiring gold upper eyelid implantation and using the technique in question.Results:Only patients with a minimum follow up of one year were included in the study group. Symptoms improved in 96 per cent of subjects, who were able to dispense with eyedrops and eye ointments. Visual acuity improved in 92 per cent of patients. There were two extrusions amongst the early cases.Conclusion and significance:Customised gold eyelid implantation offers an alternative in regions where commercial implants are not easily obtained.

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Chronic Renal Disease in Kuwaiti Nationals: A Prospective Study During the Past 4 Years

Renal Failure ◽

10.1081/jdi-49546 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 27 (2) ◽

pp. 227-233 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Wael El-Reshaid ◽

Kamel El-Reshaid ◽

Mohan Kapoor ◽

Abbass Hakim

Keyword(s):

Renal Disease ◽

Prospective Study ◽

Chronic Renal Disease ◽

The Past ◽

A Prospective Study

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Risk factors for gastroenteritis associated with canal swimming in two cities in the Netherlands during the summer of 2015: A prospective study

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0174732 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. e0174732 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Rosa Joosten ◽

Gerard Sonder ◽

Saara Parkkali ◽

Diederik Brandwagt ◽

Ewout Fanoy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

The Netherlands ◽

Prospective Study ◽

Two Cities ◽

A Prospective Study

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Prediction of Mental Illness Using Indian Astrology: Cross-Sectional Findings from a Prospective Study

Journal of Scientific Exploration ◽

10.31275/2018/1260 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 32 (3) ◽

pp. 555-578

Author(s):

Rajeshkrishna Bhandary ◽

Podila Satya Sharma ◽

Hema Tharoor

Keyword(s):

Mental Illness ◽

Prospective Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

A Prospective Study

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Time arrow in published clinical studies/trials indexed in MEDLINE: a systematic analysis of Retrospective vs Prospective study design, from 1960 to 2017.

10.7287/peerj.preprints.27385v1 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Michele M Ciulla ◽

Patrizia Vivona

Keyword(s):

Prospective Study ◽

Study Design ◽

Low Income ◽

Clinical Studies ◽

Human Subjects ◽

Systematic Analysis ◽

Time Line ◽

Time Arrow ◽

Prospective Study Design ◽

Single Time Point

Clinical studies/trials are experiments or observations on human subjects considered by the scientific community the most appropriate instrument to answer specific research questions on interventions on health outcomes. The time-line of the observations might be focused on a single time point or to follow time, backward or forward, in the so called, respectively, retrospective and prospective study design. Since the retrospective approach has been criticized for the possible sources of errors due to bias and confounding, we aimed this study to assess if there is a prevalence of retrospective vs prospective design in the clinical studies/trials by querying MEDLINE. Our results on a sample of 1,438,872 studies/trials, (yrs 1960-2017), support a prevalence of retrospective, respectively 55% vs 45%. To explain this result, arandom sub-sample of studies where the country of origin was reported (n=1576) was categorized in high and low-income based onthe nominal Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and matched with the topic of the research. As expected, the absolute majority of studies/trials are carried on by high-income countries, respectively 86% vs 14%; even if a slight prevalence of retrospective was recorded in both income groups, nonetheless the most part of prospective studies are carried out by high-GDP countries, 85% vs 15%. Finally the differences in the design of the study are understandable when considering the topic of the research.

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