Dupliek door Maaike Beckmann

KWALON ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  

De afwijkende visie van de redacteur over het patent is gelegen in semantische verwarring in meerdere opzichten. Ten eerste het onderscheid tussen uitvinder en oorsprong enerzijds en patentrecht anderzijds. Met patent wordt het alleenrecht van de uitvinder om de uitvinding te exploiteren bedoeld. Een belangrijke nuance is dan ook dat er in de recensie wordt gesproken over blijvend patent. Het woord etnografie stamt van het Griekse ethnos (volkeren of bevolkingsgroepen) en graphein (schrijven). Het ‘beschrijven van volkeren’ vindt zijn oorsprong inderdaad in de antropologie, iets wat in de recensie allerminst betwist werd (zie supra). De van oorsprong antropologische etnografie wordt echter al meer dan honderd jaar ook door andere wetenschapsdisciplines gebruikt. Voor de toepassing van de etnografie binnen de sociale wetenschappen werd etnografisch onderzoek ge(her)definieerd als ‘the study of groups of people in their natural setting, typically involving the researcher being present for extended periods of time in order to collect data systematically about their daily activities and the meanings they attach to them’ (Noaks & Wincup, 2004: 93). De betekenis van etnografie binnen de sociale wetenschappen wijkt dus af van die in de klassieke antropologische literatuur. Deze definitie en de plaats die veldwerk daarin heeft is bovendien niet onbesproken. De methodologische literatuur wijst op de ambiguïteit van de definitie van etnografie (Noaks & Wincup, 2004: 92). Volgens Hammersley en Atkinson (1995: 2) is deze conceptuele onduidelijkheid te wijten aan haar ‘noodzakelijk diffuse grenzen’ en bestaat er binnen de sociale wetenschappen geen duidelijk onderscheid tussen etnografie en ander kwalitatief onderzoek. Deze onduidelijkheid wordt verder in de hand gewerkt door een aantal mythes en misverstanden. Etnografie wordt bijvoorbeeld vaak onterecht als synoniem van participerende observatie of veldwerk gebruikt (Noaks & Wincup, 2004: 92). Etnografie is geen dataverzamelingstechniek, maar een methodologische benadering of onderzoeksstrategie die gebruikmaakt van verschillende (gecombineerde) dataverzamelingstechnieken en onderzoeksmethoden, zoals (participerende) observatie, open interviews en discoursanalyse. In de meeste onderzoeken waar veldwerk wordt verricht, is langdurige participerende observatie echter wel de belangrijkste onderzoekstechniek (p. 8 van de bundel). Veldwerk vormt dus een substantieel onderdeel van de etnografische onderzoekstraditie.

Author(s):  
Pramukti Dian Setianingrum ◽  
Farah Irmania Tsani

Backgroud: The World Health Organization (WHO) explained that the number of Hyperemesis Gravidarum cases reached 12.5% of the total number of pregnancies in the world and the results of the Demographic Survey conducted in 2007, stated that 26% of women with live births experienced complications. The results of the observations conducted at the Midwife Supriyati Clinic found that pregnant women with hyperemesis gravidarum, with a comparison of 10 pregnant women who examined their contents there were about 4 pregnant women who complained of excessive nausea and vomiting. Objective: to determine the hyperemesis Gravidarum of pregnant mother in clinic. Methods: This study used Qualitative research methods by using a case study approach (Case Study.) Result: The description of excessive nausea of vomiting in women with Hipermemsis Gravidarum is continuous nausea and vomiting more than 10 times in one day, no appetite or vomiting when fed, the body feels weak, blood pressure decreases until the body weight decreases and interferes with daily activities days The factors that influence the occurrence of Hyperemesis Gravidarum are Hormonal, Diet, Unwanted Pregnancy, and psychology, primigravida does not affect the occurrence of Hyperemesis Gravidarum. Conclusion: Mothers who experience Hyperemesis Gravidarum feel nausea vomiting continuously more than 10 times in one day, no appetite or vomiting when fed, the body feels weak, blood pressure decreases until the weight decreases and interferes with daily activities, it is because there are several factors, namely, hormonal actors, diet, unwanted pregnancy, and psychology.


2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 499
Author(s):  
Dewi Dewi ◽  
Zariul Antosa

The School Literacy Movement (GLS) is a policy issued by the government to overcome the problem of education and improve the basic literacy abilities of students. SDN 6 Pekanbaru is one of the schools that has implemented GLS at the familiarization stage well. Therefore, this study aims to determine the basic literacy skills of students in low classes through the implementation of GLS in SDN 6 Pekanbaru. This study used qualitative research conducted through observation and interviews about the implementation of GLS and students’ basic literacy skills with teachers and students in classes I and II. The results showed that GLS was able to improve the phonetic abilities of students by achieving a very good level of the ability to read and pronounce combinations of letters. The increase of students' vocabulary comprehension ability was seen where most students were able to know the meaning of words and retell the contents of books with theme daily activities. From the research findings, it was concluded that GLS improved the basic literacy ability of low-class students at SDN 6 Pekanbaru.


2020 ◽  
pp. 30-33
Author(s):  
E. V. Panina ◽  
M. V. Pugachev ◽  
A. G. Shchesiu

The article shows that in the daily activities of nursing staff of functional diagnostics departments (offices), it is necessary to strictly observe the requirements and rules for the prevention of infections associated with medical care, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. The types of personal protective equipment (PPE) of medical personnel (MP), as well as current effective methods of disinfection, rules for collecting medical waste in a complex epidemiological situation are presented.


2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 279
Author(s):  
Sativa Sativa ◽  
Bakti Setiawan ◽  
Djoko Wijono ◽  
MG Adiyanti

Abstract: Nowadays, the majority of Indonesian people live in the dense urban kampungs. Some of those kampungs laid on the riverside, as a marginal area -- due to their low economic value of the land. They have specific conditions especially on the limitation of infrastructures and facilities for children activities in the settlement area. This research is a part of my dissertation paper, which aims to gain how children (mainly school-age children) coping with such condition. This study is a qualitative exploratory research, meanwhile, observation and interview were used as collecting data methods. Kampung Ngampilan in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, was chosen as a case area, because of its unique characteristics: located on the riverside of Winongo River, had a high density, and most people have low economics. As the result, this study found that natural setting, especially river area and its surrounding vegetation, is a focus location for children to release live stress in their settlement, due to two space aspects: thermal comfort and visual comfort. This condition was triggered by the limited area of their house so that the children prefer to go out from their house especially after attending school in the afternoon. This results will be useful as a reference for urban kampung planning, especially in riverfront area.Keywords: children, kampung, environmental press, natural settingAbstrak: Mayoritas penduduk kota Indonesia tinggal di kampung berkepadatan tinggi. Sebagian dari kampung -kampung berada di bantaran sungai sebagai salah satu area kota yang dianggap marginal karena nilai ekonomi lahan rendah. Kampung-kampung umumnya berkondisi khas dan memiliki keterbatasan infrastruktur termasuk fasilitas untuk kegiatan anak-anak di permukiman. Studi ini merupakan bagian dari disertasi penulis, yang bertujuan mengetahui bagaimana anak-anak (terutama anak usia sekolah dasar) menghadapi tekanan lingkungan. Kampung Ngampilan dipilih karena merupakan kampung kota yang sangat padat, terletak di tepi sungai, berkontur curam, dan warganya termasuk kelompok ekonomi menengah ke bawah. Kajian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif eksploratif, dan penggalian data dilakukan dengan metode observasi lapangan dan wawancara. Penelitian menemukan, seting alami kampung, khususnya sungai dan vegetasi di sekitarnya, merupakan area pilihan utama anak bermain, karena memiliki dua aspek kenyamanan, yaitu kenyamanan termal dan kenyamanan visual. Pilihan anak-anak dipicu oleh kondisi rumah mereka yang sempit, sehingga mereka lebih memilih keluar rumah sepulang sekolah atau sore hari. Temuan ini dapat menjadi acuan bagi pengembangan kampung kota Indonesia yang lebih kondusif untuk anak, khususnya kampung tepi sungai.Kata kunci: seting alami, tekanan lingkungan, kampung kota, anak


Author(s):  
S. V. Petrov

This article is devoted to the study of the relationship, mutual influence of team building and team leadership established by the author of the article, the competencies of leaders in the field of team building, leadership styles, including with regard to the process of forming and maintaining teams, are established that the process of creating an effective team is an integral part of the leader’s daily activities.


2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-8
Author(s):  
Lusy Tunik Muharlisiani

Formation to build character in the digital era in the world of education through the development of ethical values and performance support to form the foundation of individual characters expected. Developments in the digital era influence individual lifestyles and patterns of relationships so as to form a new paradigm for helping human needs in carrying out the duties and expectations. The purpose of building character besides having benefits also have a negative impact can be described in the attitudes and behavior of individuals, which occurs demoralisasasi. The method used in building individual character that balance the mind / creativity, feeling / sense of, and willingness / intention in executing their daily duties. The result is an imbalance in the event over them in carrying out daily activities using irrational thoughts, dishonest, irresponsible, did not have a good work ethic. How to cope with the character education should play an active role in shaping the students to have a good character, capable of being honest, responsible, disciplined, passionate, creative and communication skills to achieve success both socially and career aligned with technology development is very fast and sophisticated. The characters develop their conclusion to follow up the results of studies showing that the majority of a person in carrying out daily activities always use excessive feelings so that there is an imbalance between thought, feeling and will


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